1 $Which of the following terms refers to the 'Divine Light' in the Mughal theory of kingship as propounded by Abul Fazl?$

A.

Din-i-Ilahi

B.

Sulh-i-kul

C.

Wahdat-ul-Wajud

D.

Farr-i-Izadi

2 $In the Mansabdari system, what did the rank of Zat indicate?$

A.

The number of horses the officer had to maintain

B.

The religious affiliation of the noble

C.

The ethnicity of the noble

D.

The personal status and salary of the noble

3 $Which official was the head of the military department and intelligence under the central administration of Akbar?$

A.

Sadr-us-Sudur

B.

Mir Bakshi

C.

Mir Saman

D.

Diwan-i-Ala

4 $What was the primary objective of the Mahzar (Infallibility Decree) issued in 1579?$

A.

To declare Akbar as the final interpreter of Islamic law in cases of dispute among the Ulema

B.

To establish a new religion called Din-i-Ilahi

C.

To remove the Ulema from the judicial system entirely

D.

To declare Akbar as a Prophet

5 $Which revenue system, associated with Raja Todar Mal, became the standard method of assessment in the core provinces of the Mughal Empire?$

A.

Kankut

B.

Dahsala (Zabti)

C.

Nasaq

D.

Batai

6 $Under the concept of Sulh-i-kul, the Mughal state aimed to achieve:$

A.

The forced conversion of non-Muslims

B.

Absolute peace and universal tolerance

C.

The dominance of the Sunni sect

D.

A military alliance with the Ottomans

7 $Which of the following represents the correct hierarchy of administrative divisions in the Mughal Empire (from largest to smallest)?$

A.

Subah Sarkar Pargana Village

B.

Sarkar Subah Pargana Village

C.

Pargana Sarkar Subah Village

D.

Subah Pargana Sarkar Village

8 $The Jagir system in the Mughal administration refers to:$

A.

Assignment of land revenue in lieu of cash salary

B.

Hereditary land ownership given to religious leaders

C.

Land reserved for the Emperor's personal use

D.

Land granted for temple construction

9 $Which Mughal emperor re-imposed the Jizya tax on non-Muslims in 1679?$

A.

Aurangzeb

B.

Akbar

C.

Jahangir

D.

Shah Jahan

10 $In the context of the Mansabdari system, what does the rule of Dagh refer to?$

A.

The branding of prisoners

B.

The official seal of the Emperor

C.

The descriptive roll of soldiers

D.

The branding of horses to prevent theft and fraud

11 $Who was the author of Fatawa-e-Alamgiri, a compendium of Islamic law compiled during Aurangzeb's reign?$

A.

Badauni

B.

Dara Shikoh

C.

Abul Fazl

D.

A board of Ulema led by Sheikh Nizam

12 $What was the function of the Sadr-us-Sudur in the central administration?$

A.

Head of the royal household

B.

Chief of the treasury

C.

Guardian of Islamic law and distributor of charitable grants (Sayurghal)

D.

Head of the artillery

13 $The practice of Jharokha Darshan was introduced by Akbar to:$

A.

Announce new taxes

B.

Monitor the market prices personally

C.

Listen to the grievances of the soldiers only

D.

Establish a direct visual connection between the ruler and the subjects

14 $Which type of Jagir was non-transferable and held on a hereditary basis by local chiefs?$

A.

Altamgha Jagir

B.

Mashrut Jagir

C.

Watan Jagir

D.

Jagir Tankha

15 $The Ibadat Khana at Fatehpur Sikri was originally built in 1575 for:$

A.

Administrative meetings

B.

Storage of grain

C.

Housing the harem

D.

Religious discussions among Muslim theologians

16 $Under the Mansabdari system, a Mansabdar's salary was calculated based on:$

A.

The number of battles won

B.

The Zat rank solely

C.

The Sawar rank solely

D.

Both Zat and Sawar ranks

17 $Which official was responsible for maintaining law and order in the cities?$

A.

Kotwal

B.

Muqaddam

C.

Amil

D.

Faujdar

18 $The concept of'Padshah' adopted by the Mughals signified:$

A.

Superior independent sovereignty not subject to any religious or temporal superior

B.

A democratic leader

C.

A tribal chieftain

D.

Subservience to the Caliph

19 $In the context of Aurangzeb’s reign, what was the role of the Muhtasib ?$

A.

Military commander

B.

Revenue collector

C.

Censor of public morals and enforcer of Islamic compliance

D.

Foreign ambassador

20 $What was the Chehra in the Mughal military administration?$

A.

The descriptive roll of the soldier

B.

A tax on face powder

C.

The promotion letter of a noble

D.

The branding of horses

21 $The Karori experiment introduced by Akbar in 1574 aimed to:$

A.

Recruit one crore soldiers

B.

Convert the entire imperial land into Khalisa (Crown land) and assess revenue

C.

Build a wall around the empire

D.

Mint one crore gold coins

22 $Which of the following was NOT a symbol of political legitimation used by the Mughals?$

A.

Khutba (Sermon in Friday prayers)

B.

Sikka (Coinage)

C.

Paying tribute to the Safavids

D.

Chatr (Royal Umbrella)

23 $The classification of Mansabdars into First, Second, and Third class was based on:$

A.

The number of wives they had

B.

Their religion

C.

The ratio of their Sawar rank to their Zat rank

D.

Their proximity to the capital

24 $What is the meaning of Tauhid-i-Ilahi ?$

A.

Tax on Pilgrims

B.

Holy War

C.

Divine Monotheism

D.

Royal Court

25 $During Aurangzeb's reign, the execution of which Sikh Guru significantly strained state relations with the Sikhs?$

A.

Guru Nanak

B.

Guru Arjan Dev

C.

Guru Gobind Singh

D.

Guru Tegh Bahadur

26 $The Diwan-i-Khalisa was responsible for managing:$

A.

Religious endowments

B.

Revenue from Crown lands

C.

Jagirdars' accounts

D.

Military salaries only

27 $Which Persian custom of salutation did Akbar introduce in the court which was later banned by Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb?$

A.

Handshake

B.

Namaste

C.

Sijda (Prostration)

D.

Hugging

28 $In the Mughal centralized structure, who acted as the primary check on the power of the Subahdar (Governor)?$

A.

The Kotwal

B.

The Faujdar

C.

The Mir Bakshi

D.

The Provincial Diwan

29 $The Mughal claim to legitimacy was often reinforced by tracing their genealogy to:$

A.

Alexander the Great

B.

The Abbasid Caliphs

C.

Timur and Genghis Khan

D.

The Prophet Muhammad

30 $What was the Zawabit in the context of Mughal administration?$

A.

Taxes on cattle

B.

The salary list of soldiers

C.

Secular state decrees/laws issued by the Emperor

D.

Religious laws from the Quran

31 $Which of the following best describes the Mashrut rank in the Mansabdari system?$

A.

A conditional increase in Sawar rank for a specific post or campaign

B.

A permanent increase in rank

C.

A rank that carried no salary

D.

A rank given to scholars only

32 $The Mir Saman (or Khan-i-Saman) was the officer in charge of:$

A.

Judiciary

B.

Imperial Household and Karkhanas (workshops)

C.

Revenue records

D.

Religious affairs

33 $In 1563 and 1564, Akbar took two major steps that signaled a shift in state policy towards non-Muslims. What were they?$

A.

Abolition of the Pilgrim Tax and Abolition of Jizya

B.

Banning the slaughter of cows and building the Taj Mahal

C.

Marriage to a Rajput princess and the conquest of Gujarat

D.

Introduction of Persian as the court language and the Dahsala system

34 $The Qanungo was a local official responsible for:$

A.

Preaching religious sermons

B.

Maintaining revenue records at the Pargana level

C.

Guarding the royal harem

D.

Leading the army in battle

35 $Aurangzeb’s order regarding temples in 1669 is a subject of historical debate. What did the Maasir-i-Alamgiri record regarding this?$

A.

He ordered the construction of new temples in every village

B.

He ordered the governors to destroy schools and temples of the infidels

C.

He offered gold grants to the Kashi Vishwanath temple

D.

He declared all temples as state property

36 $The Mughal theory of kingship elevated the status of the Padshah to Insan-i-Kamil . What does this term mean?$

A.

The Shadow of God

B.

The Perfect Man

C.

The Warrior King

D.

The Wealthy Ruler

37 $Who were the Barids in the Mughal administration?$

A.

Intelligence officers/spies

B.

Revenue collectors

C.

Foreign traders

D.

Royal cooks

38 $What was the Tula Dan practice adopted by the Mughal court?$

A.

A ritual sacrifice of animals

B.

Weighing the Emperor against gold/silver and distributing it to the poor

C.

A method of weighing artillery

D.

A tax on weighing grain

39 $The term Escheat (Zabt) in the context of the Mughal nobility meant:$

A.

The retirement of a noble

B.

The marriage of a noble to royalty

C.

The confiscation of a noble's property by the state upon his death

D.

The promotion of a noble

40 $What is the significance of the Maktab Khana established by Akbar?$

A.

It was a prison for rebels

B.

It was a bureau for translating Sanskrit texts into Persian

C.

It was a factory for making guns

D.

It was a hospital for the poor

41 $Which officer was the executive head of the Sarkar (district)?$

A.

Faujdar

B.

Mufti

C.

Shiqdar

D.

Patwari

42 $The Month Scale (Mahwar) introduced in the Mansabdari system during Shah Jahan's reign was a response to:$

A.

The demand for monthly holidays

B.

The abundance of revenue

C.

The gap between the estimated revenue (Jama) and actual collection (Hasil)

D.

The introduction of the solar calendar

43 $Which of the following statements about the Zamindars in the Mughal system is true?$

A.

They were always Muslim

B.

They were transferable officials like Mansabdars

C.

They held hereditary rights over land and collected revenue for the state

D.

They had no military obligations

44 $In the process of centralization, Akbar introduced the Tasdiq aimed at:$

A.

Confirming the appointment and salary of Mansabdars

B.

Signing peace treaties

C.

Exporting textiles

D.

Measuring land

45 $Aurangzeb discontinued the use of the Kalima (Islamic confession of faith) on coins. Why?$

A.

He wanted to secularize the currency

B.

He preferred his own image on coins

C.

It was too expensive to mint

D.

To prevent the holy words from being defiled by the touch of non-believers or falling underfoot

46 $The Amil (or Amalguzar) was primarily responsible for:$

A.

Training horses

B.

Leading prayers

C.

Spying on the governor

D.

Revenue assessment and collection at the Pargana/Sarkar level

47 $What was the Tabinan in the Mansabdari system?$

A.

The armed contingent maintained by the Mansabdar

B.

The Emperor's sword

C.

The royal tent

D.

A type of tax

48 $The Khanazads were:$

A.

Hindu warrior clans

B.

Foreign nobles from Persia

C.

Rebel leaders

D.

Nobles who were born and bred within the Mughal court service

49 $Akbar's policy of Matrimonial Alliances with Rajputs was primarily a tool for:$

A.

Acquiring dowry wealth

B.

Diluting Rajput blood

C.

Religious conversion

D.

Political centralization and broadening the base of the empire

50 $What was the Dastur-ul-Amal ?$

A.

A code of procedure or administrative manual

B.

A biography of the king

C.

A religious text

D.

A declaration of war

Unit 5 - Practice Quiz