1 $Which of the following terms refers to the 'Divine Light' in the Mughal theory of kingship as propounded by Abul Fazl?$

A.

Sulh-i-kul

B.

Wahdat-ul-Wajud

C.

Din-i-Ilahi

D.

Farr-i-Izadi

2 $In the Mansabdari system, what did the rank of Zat indicate?$

A.

The number of horses the officer had to maintain

B.

The religious affiliation of the noble

C.

The personal status and salary of the noble

D.

The ethnicity of the noble

3 $Which official was the head of the military department and intelligence under the central administration of Akbar?$

A.

Sadr-us-Sudur

B.

Diwan-i-Ala

C.

Mir Saman

D.

Mir Bakshi

4 $What was the primary objective of the Mahzar (Infallibility Decree) issued in 1579?$

A.

To declare Akbar as the final interpreter of Islamic law in cases of dispute among the Ulema

B.

To remove the Ulema from the judicial system entirely

C.

To establish a new religion called Din-i-Ilahi

D.

To declare Akbar as a Prophet

5 $Which revenue system, associated with Raja Todar Mal, became the standard method of assessment in the core provinces of the Mughal Empire?$

A.

Kankut

B.

Batai

C.

Nasaq

D.

Dahsala (Zabti)

6 $Under the concept of Sulh-i-kul, the Mughal state aimed to achieve:$

A.

Absolute peace and universal tolerance

B.

The dominance of the Sunni sect

C.

The forced conversion of non-Muslims

D.

A military alliance with the Ottomans

7 $Which of the following represents the correct hierarchy of administrative divisions in the Mughal Empire (from largest to smallest)?$

A.

Subah Pargana Sarkar Village

B.

Pargana Sarkar Subah Village

C.

Sarkar Subah Pargana Village

D.

Subah Sarkar Pargana Village

8 $The Jagir system in the Mughal administration refers to:$

A.

Hereditary land ownership given to religious leaders

B.

Land reserved for the Emperor's personal use

C.

Assignment of land revenue in lieu of cash salary

D.

Land granted for temple construction

9 $Which Mughal emperor re-imposed the Jizya tax on non-Muslims in 1679?$

A.

Akbar

B.

Shah Jahan

C.

Aurangzeb

D.

Jahangir

10 $In the context of the Mansabdari system, what does the rule of Dagh refer to?$

A.

The branding of prisoners

B.

The branding of horses to prevent theft and fraud

C.

The descriptive roll of soldiers

D.

The official seal of the Emperor

11 $Who was the author of Fatawa-e-Alamgiri, a compendium of Islamic law compiled during Aurangzeb's reign?$

A.

Dara Shikoh

B.

Abul Fazl

C.

A board of Ulema led by Sheikh Nizam

D.

Badauni

12 $What was the function of the Sadr-us-Sudur in the central administration?$

A.

Chief of the treasury

B.

Guardian of Islamic law and distributor of charitable grants (Sayurghal)

C.

Head of the royal household

D.

Head of the artillery

13 $The practice of Jharokha Darshan was introduced by Akbar to:$

A.

Establish a direct visual connection between the ruler and the subjects

B.

Monitor the market prices personally

C.

Listen to the grievances of the soldiers only

D.

Announce new taxes

14 $Which type of Jagir was non-transferable and held on a hereditary basis by local chiefs?$

A.

Jagir Tankha

B.

Mashrut Jagir

C.

Watan Jagir

D.

Altamgha Jagir

15 $The Ibadat Khana at Fatehpur Sikri was originally built in 1575 for:$

A.

Storage of grain

B.

Religious discussions among Muslim theologians

C.

Administrative meetings

D.

Housing the harem

16 $Under the Mansabdari system, a Mansabdar's salary was calculated based on:$

A.

The number of battles won

B.

The Sawar rank solely

C.

The Zat rank solely

D.

Both Zat and Sawar ranks

17 $Which official was responsible for maintaining law and order in the cities?$

A.

Muqaddam

B.

Amil

C.

Kotwal

D.

Faujdar

18 $The concept of'Padshah' adopted by the Mughals signified:$

A.

A democratic leader

B.

A tribal chieftain

C.

Superior independent sovereignty not subject to any religious or temporal superior

D.

Subservience to the Caliph

19 $In the context of Aurangzeb’s reign, what was the role of the Muhtasib ?$

A.

Revenue collector

B.

Censor of public morals and enforcer of Islamic compliance

C.

Foreign ambassador

D.

Military commander

20 $What was the Chehra in the Mughal military administration?$

A.

The promotion letter of a noble

B.

A tax on face powder

C.

The branding of horses

D.

The descriptive roll of the soldier

21 $The Karori experiment introduced by Akbar in 1574 aimed to:$

A.

Build a wall around the empire

B.

Recruit one crore soldiers

C.

Convert the entire imperial land into Khalisa (Crown land) and assess revenue

D.

Mint one crore gold coins

22 $Which of the following was NOT a symbol of political legitimation used by the Mughals?$

A.

Sikka (Coinage)

B.

Chatr (Royal Umbrella)

C.

Khutba (Sermon in Friday prayers)

D.

Paying tribute to the Safavids

23 $The classification of Mansabdars into First, Second, and Third class was based on:$

A.

The ratio of their Sawar rank to their Zat rank

B.

Their proximity to the capital

C.

The number of wives they had

D.

Their religion

24 $What is the meaning of Tauhid-i-Ilahi ?$

A.

Divine Monotheism

B.

Tax on Pilgrims

C.

Holy War

D.

Royal Court

25 $During Aurangzeb's reign, the execution of which Sikh Guru significantly strained state relations with the Sikhs?$

A.

Guru Nanak

B.

Guru Tegh Bahadur

C.

Guru Arjan Dev

D.

Guru Gobind Singh

26 $The Diwan-i-Khalisa was responsible for managing:$

A.

Military salaries only

B.

Revenue from Crown lands

C.

Religious endowments

D.

Jagirdars' accounts

27 $Which Persian custom of salutation did Akbar introduce in the court which was later banned by Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb?$

A.

Sijda (Prostration)

B.

Namaste

C.

Handshake

D.

Hugging

28 $In the Mughal centralized structure, who acted as the primary check on the power of the Subahdar (Governor)?$

A.

The Provincial Diwan

B.

The Mir Bakshi

C.

The Faujdar

D.

The Kotwal

29 $The Mughal claim to legitimacy was often reinforced by tracing their genealogy to:$

A.

The Abbasid Caliphs

B.

Alexander the Great

C.

The Prophet Muhammad

D.

Timur and Genghis Khan

30 $What was the Zawabit in the context of Mughal administration?$

A.

Secular state decrees/laws issued by the Emperor

B.

Religious laws from the Quran

C.

Taxes on cattle

D.

The salary list of soldiers

31 $Which of the following best describes the Mashrut rank in the Mansabdari system?$

A.

A permanent increase in rank

B.

A conditional increase in Sawar rank for a specific post or campaign

C.

A rank that carried no salary

D.

A rank given to scholars only

32 $The Mir Saman (or Khan-i-Saman) was the officer in charge of:$

A.

Revenue records

B.

Judiciary

C.

Religious affairs

D.

Imperial Household and Karkhanas (workshops)

33 $In 1563 and 1564, Akbar took two major steps that signaled a shift in state policy towards non-Muslims. What were they?$

A.

Banning the slaughter of cows and building the Taj Mahal

B.

Marriage to a Rajput princess and the conquest of Gujarat

C.

Introduction of Persian as the court language and the Dahsala system

D.

Abolition of the Pilgrim Tax and Abolition of Jizya

34 $The Qanungo was a local official responsible for:$

A.

Maintaining revenue records at the Pargana level

B.

Leading the army in battle

C.

Guarding the royal harem

D.

Preaching religious sermons

35 $Aurangzeb’s order regarding temples in 1669 is a subject of historical debate. What did the Maasir-i-Alamgiri record regarding this?$

A.

He offered gold grants to the Kashi Vishwanath temple

B.

He declared all temples as state property

C.

He ordered the governors to destroy schools and temples of the infidels

D.

He ordered the construction of new temples in every village

36 $The Mughal theory of kingship elevated the status of the Padshah to Insan-i-Kamil . What does this term mean?$

A.

The Shadow of God

B.

The Warrior King

C.

The Wealthy Ruler

D.

The Perfect Man

37 $Who were the Barids in the Mughal administration?$

A.

Foreign traders

B.

Intelligence officers/spies

C.

Royal cooks

D.

Revenue collectors

38 $What was the Tula Dan practice adopted by the Mughal court?$

A.

A tax on weighing grain

B.

A ritual sacrifice of animals

C.

A method of weighing artillery

D.

Weighing the Emperor against gold/silver and distributing it to the poor

39 $The term Escheat (Zabt) in the context of the Mughal nobility meant:$

A.

The promotion of a noble

B.

The confiscation of a noble's property by the state upon his death

C.

The marriage of a noble to royalty

D.

The retirement of a noble

40 $What is the significance of the Maktab Khana established by Akbar?$

A.

It was a bureau for translating Sanskrit texts into Persian

B.

It was a factory for making guns

C.

It was a hospital for the poor

D.

It was a prison for rebels

41 $Which officer was the executive head of the Sarkar (district)?$

A.

Faujdar

B.

Patwari

C.

Shiqdar

D.

Mufti

42 $The Month Scale (Mahwar) introduced in the Mansabdari system during Shah Jahan's reign was a response to:$

A.

The gap between the estimated revenue (Jama) and actual collection (Hasil)

B.

The demand for monthly holidays

C.

The introduction of the solar calendar

D.

The abundance of revenue

43 $Which of the following statements about the Zamindars in the Mughal system is true?$

A.

They held hereditary rights over land and collected revenue for the state

B.

They had no military obligations

C.

They were transferable officials like Mansabdars

D.

They were always Muslim

44 $In the process of centralization, Akbar introduced the Tasdiq aimed at:$

A.

Exporting textiles

B.

Confirming the appointment and salary of Mansabdars

C.

Signing peace treaties

D.

Measuring land

45 $Aurangzeb discontinued the use of the Kalima (Islamic confession of faith) on coins. Why?$

A.

He wanted to secularize the currency

B.

It was too expensive to mint

C.

He preferred his own image on coins

D.

To prevent the holy words from being defiled by the touch of non-believers or falling underfoot

46 $The Amil (or Amalguzar) was primarily responsible for:$

A.

Leading prayers

B.

Revenue assessment and collection at the Pargana/Sarkar level

C.

Training horses

D.

Spying on the governor

47 $What was the Tabinan in the Mansabdari system?$

A.

The Emperor's sword

B.

The armed contingent maintained by the Mansabdar

C.

The royal tent

D.

A type of tax

48 $The Khanazads were:$

A.

Nobles who were born and bred within the Mughal court service

B.

Foreign nobles from Persia

C.

Hindu warrior clans

D.

Rebel leaders

49 $Akbar's policy of Matrimonial Alliances with Rajputs was primarily a tool for:$

A.

Diluting Rajput blood

B.

Political centralization and broadening the base of the empire

C.

Religious conversion

D.

Acquiring dowry wealth

50 $What was the Dastur-ul-Amal ?$

A.

A religious text

B.

A code of procedure or administrative manual

C.

A biography of the king

D.

A declaration of war

Unit 5 - Practice Quiz