1 $Which of the following terms refers to the 'Divine Light' in the Mughal theory of kingship as propounded by Abul Fazl?$

A.

Wahdat-ul-Wajud

B.

Farr-i-Izadi

C.

Din-i-Ilahi

D.

Sulh-i-kul

2 $In the Mansabdari system, what did the rank of Zat indicate?$

A.

The number of horses the officer had to maintain

B.

The personal status and salary of the noble

C.

The ethnicity of the noble

D.

The religious affiliation of the noble

3 $Which official was the head of the military department and intelligence under the central administration of Akbar?$

A.

Diwan-i-Ala

B.

Mir Bakshi

C.

Mir Saman

D.

Sadr-us-Sudur

4 $What was the primary objective of the Mahzar (Infallibility Decree) issued in 1579?$

A.

To declare Akbar as a Prophet

B.

To remove the Ulema from the judicial system entirely

C.

To declare Akbar as the final interpreter of Islamic law in cases of dispute among the Ulema

D.

To establish a new religion called Din-i-Ilahi

5 $Which revenue system, associated with Raja Todar Mal, became the standard method of assessment in the core provinces of the Mughal Empire?$

A.

Batai

B.

Kankut

C.

Dahsala (Zabti)

D.

Nasaq

6 $Under the concept of Sulh-i-kul, the Mughal state aimed to achieve:$

A.

The forced conversion of non-Muslims

B.

Absolute peace and universal tolerance

C.

The dominance of the Sunni sect

D.

A military alliance with the Ottomans

7 $Which of the following represents the correct hierarchy of administrative divisions in the Mughal Empire (from largest to smallest)?$

A.

Sarkar Subah Pargana Village

B.

Subah Sarkar Pargana Village

C.

Subah Pargana Sarkar Village

D.

Pargana Sarkar Subah Village

8 $The Jagir system in the Mughal administration refers to:$

A.

Hereditary land ownership given to religious leaders

B.

Assignment of land revenue in lieu of cash salary

C.

Land reserved for the Emperor's personal use

D.

Land granted for temple construction

9 $Which Mughal emperor re-imposed the Jizya tax on non-Muslims in 1679?$

A.

Akbar

B.

Jahangir

C.

Shah Jahan

D.

Aurangzeb

10 $In the context of the Mansabdari system, what does the rule of Dagh refer to?$

A.

The branding of horses to prevent theft and fraud

B.

The descriptive roll of soldiers

C.

The branding of prisoners

D.

The official seal of the Emperor

11 $Who was the author of Fatawa-e-Alamgiri, a compendium of Islamic law compiled during Aurangzeb's reign?$

A.

Abul Fazl

B.

Badauni

C.

A board of Ulema led by Sheikh Nizam

D.

Dara Shikoh

12 $What was the function of the Sadr-us-Sudur in the central administration?$

A.

Head of the artillery

B.

Guardian of Islamic law and distributor of charitable grants (Sayurghal)

C.

Head of the royal household

D.

Chief of the treasury

13 $The practice of Jharokha Darshan was introduced by Akbar to:$

A.

Monitor the market prices personally

B.

Establish a direct visual connection between the ruler and the subjects

C.

Listen to the grievances of the soldiers only

D.

Announce new taxes

14 $Which type of Jagir was non-transferable and held on a hereditary basis by local chiefs?$

A.

Jagir Tankha

B.

Mashrut Jagir

C.

Watan Jagir

D.

Altamgha Jagir

15 $The Ibadat Khana at Fatehpur Sikri was originally built in 1575 for:$

A.

Administrative meetings

B.

Religious discussions among Muslim theologians

C.

Storage of grain

D.

Housing the harem

16 $Under the Mansabdari system, a Mansabdar's salary was calculated based on:$

A.

The number of battles won

B.

The Zat rank solely

C.

The Sawar rank solely

D.

Both Zat and Sawar ranks

17 $Which official was responsible for maintaining law and order in the cities?$

A.

Faujdar

B.

Kotwal

C.

Amil

D.

Muqaddam

18 $The concept of'Padshah' adopted by the Mughals signified:$

A.

Subservience to the Caliph

B.

A tribal chieftain

C.

Superior independent sovereignty not subject to any religious or temporal superior

D.

A democratic leader

19 $In the context of Aurangzeb’s reign, what was the role of the Muhtasib ?$

A.

Revenue collector

B.

Censor of public morals and enforcer of Islamic compliance

C.

Military commander

D.

Foreign ambassador

20 $What was the Chehra in the Mughal military administration?$

A.

A tax on face powder

B.

The descriptive roll of the soldier

C.

The branding of horses

D.

The promotion letter of a noble

21 $The Karori experiment introduced by Akbar in 1574 aimed to:$

A.

Convert the entire imperial land into Khalisa (Crown land) and assess revenue

B.

Recruit one crore soldiers

C.

Mint one crore gold coins

D.

Build a wall around the empire

22 $Which of the following was NOT a symbol of political legitimation used by the Mughals?$

A.

Khutba (Sermon in Friday prayers)

B.

Sikka (Coinage)

C.

Chatr (Royal Umbrella)

D.

Paying tribute to the Safavids

23 $The classification of Mansabdars into First, Second, and Third class was based on:$

A.

Their religion

B.

The ratio of their Sawar rank to their Zat rank

C.

Their proximity to the capital

D.

The number of wives they had

24 $What is the meaning of Tauhid-i-Ilahi ?$

A.

Divine Monotheism

B.

Holy War

C.

Tax on Pilgrims

D.

Royal Court

25 $During Aurangzeb's reign, the execution of which Sikh Guru significantly strained state relations with the Sikhs?$

A.

Guru Nanak

B.

Guru Arjan Dev

C.

Guru Tegh Bahadur

D.

Guru Gobind Singh

26 $The Diwan-i-Khalisa was responsible for managing:$

A.

Religious endowments

B.

Revenue from Crown lands

C.

Jagirdars' accounts

D.

Military salaries only

27 $Which Persian custom of salutation did Akbar introduce in the court which was later banned by Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb?$

A.

Handshake

B.

Sijda (Prostration)

C.

Namaste

D.

Hugging

28 $In the Mughal centralized structure, who acted as the primary check on the power of the Subahdar (Governor)?$

A.

The Kotwal

B.

The Provincial Diwan

C.

The Faujdar

D.

The Mir Bakshi

29 $The Mughal claim to legitimacy was often reinforced by tracing their genealogy to:$

A.

Alexander the Great

B.

Timur and Genghis Khan

C.

The Abbasid Caliphs

D.

The Prophet Muhammad

30 $What was the Zawabit in the context of Mughal administration?$

A.

Religious laws from the Quran

B.

Secular state decrees/laws issued by the Emperor

C.

Taxes on cattle

D.

The salary list of soldiers

31 $Which of the following best describes the Mashrut rank in the Mansabdari system?$

A.

A permanent increase in rank

B.

A conditional increase in Sawar rank for a specific post or campaign

C.

A rank given to scholars only

D.

A rank that carried no salary

32 $The Mir Saman (or Khan-i-Saman) was the officer in charge of:$

A.

Imperial Household and Karkhanas (workshops)

B.

Religious affairs

C.

Judiciary

D.

Revenue records

33 $In 1563 and 1564, Akbar took two major steps that signaled a shift in state policy towards non-Muslims. What were they?$

A.

Banning the slaughter of cows and building the Taj Mahal

B.

Abolition of the Pilgrim Tax and Abolition of Jizya

C.

Introduction of Persian as the court language and the Dahsala system

D.

Marriage to a Rajput princess and the conquest of Gujarat

34 $The Qanungo was a local official responsible for:$

A.

Maintaining revenue records at the Pargana level

B.

Leading the army in battle

C.

Preaching religious sermons

D.

Guarding the royal harem

35 $Aurangzeb’s order regarding temples in 1669 is a subject of historical debate. What did the Maasir-i-Alamgiri record regarding this?$

A.

He ordered the construction of new temples in every village

B.

He ordered the governors to destroy schools and temples of the infidels

C.

He declared all temples as state property

D.

He offered gold grants to the Kashi Vishwanath temple

36 $The Mughal theory of kingship elevated the status of the Padshah to Insan-i-Kamil . What does this term mean?$

A.

The Perfect Man

B.

The Wealthy Ruler

C.

The Warrior King

D.

The Shadow of God

37 $Who were the Barids in the Mughal administration?$

A.

Revenue collectors

B.

Intelligence officers/spies

C.

Royal cooks

D.

Foreign traders

38 $What was the Tula Dan practice adopted by the Mughal court?$

A.

Weighing the Emperor against gold/silver and distributing it to the poor

B.

A tax on weighing grain

C.

A method of weighing artillery

D.

A ritual sacrifice of animals

39 $The term Escheat (Zabt) in the context of the Mughal nobility meant:$

A.

The promotion of a noble

B.

The confiscation of a noble's property by the state upon his death

C.

The marriage of a noble to royalty

D.

The retirement of a noble

40 $What is the significance of the Maktab Khana established by Akbar?$

A.

It was a bureau for translating Sanskrit texts into Persian

B.

It was a factory for making guns

C.

It was a hospital for the poor

D.

It was a prison for rebels

41 $Which officer was the executive head of the Sarkar (district)?$

A.

Faujdar

B.

Shiqdar

C.

Patwari

D.

Mufti

42 $The Month Scale (Mahwar) introduced in the Mansabdari system during Shah Jahan's reign was a response to:$

A.

The abundance of revenue

B.

The gap between the estimated revenue (Jama) and actual collection (Hasil)

C.

The demand for monthly holidays

D.

The introduction of the solar calendar

43 $Which of the following statements about the Zamindars in the Mughal system is true?$

A.

They were transferable officials like Mansabdars

B.

They held hereditary rights over land and collected revenue for the state

C.

They were always Muslim

D.

They had no military obligations

44 $In the process of centralization, Akbar introduced the Tasdiq aimed at:$

A.

Confirming the appointment and salary of Mansabdars

B.

Measuring land

C.

Exporting textiles

D.

Signing peace treaties

45 $Aurangzeb discontinued the use of the Kalima (Islamic confession of faith) on coins. Why?$

A.

He wanted to secularize the currency

B.

To prevent the holy words from being defiled by the touch of non-believers or falling underfoot

C.

He preferred his own image on coins

D.

It was too expensive to mint

46 $The Amil (or Amalguzar) was primarily responsible for:$

A.

Revenue assessment and collection at the Pargana/Sarkar level

B.

Leading prayers

C.

Spying on the governor

D.

Training horses

47 $What was the Tabinan in the Mansabdari system?$

A.

The armed contingent maintained by the Mansabdar

B.

The royal tent

C.

A type of tax

D.

The Emperor's sword

48 $The Khanazads were:$

A.

Nobles who were born and bred within the Mughal court service

B.

Foreign nobles from Persia

C.

Hindu warrior clans

D.

Rebel leaders

49 $Akbar's policy of Matrimonial Alliances with Rajputs was primarily a tool for:$

A.

Religious conversion

B.

Political centralization and broadening the base of the empire

C.

Acquiring dowry wealth

D.

Diluting Rajput blood

50 $What was the Dastur-ul-Amal ?$

A.

A code of procedure or administrative manual

B.

A religious text

C.

A biography of the king

D.

A declaration of war

Unit 5 - Practice Quiz