1 $Which planting system accommodates approximately 15% more plants than the square system while maintaining the same distance between plants?$

A.

Rectangular system

B.

Quincunx system

C.

Hexagonal system

D.

Contour system

2 $In orchard establishment, on which side of the orchard are windbreaks generally planted to protect fruit trees?$

A.

South and East

B.

North and West

C.

South and West

D.

North and East

3 $Which planting system places a filler plant in the center of a square, initially doubling the plant population?$

A.

Triangular system

B.

Quincunx system

C.

Hexagonal system

D.

Rectangular system

4 $What is the primary objective of Training a fruit tree?$

A.

To remove dead and diseased wood

B.

To encourage annual bearing

C.

To establish a strong framework and shape

D.

To increase fruit size only

5 $Which pruning technique involves the removal of the terminal portion of a shoot, leaving the basal portion intact?$

A.

Thinning out

B.

Heading back

C.

Pollarding

D.

Dehorning

6 $In the context of orchard layout, what is the formula to calculate the number of plants () in a Square System for an area () with spacing ()?$

A.

B.

C.

D.

7 $Which training system involves a main trunk growing vertically with lateral branches arising at intervals, often resulting in a pyramidal shape?$

A.

Open Center System

B.

Central Leader System

C.

Modified Central Leader System

D.

Vase System

8 $Notching is a practice defined by making a cut:$

A.

Below a bud to inhibit its growth

B.

Above a bud to stimulate its growth

C.

Around the main trunk to stop carbohydrate flow

D.

On the roots to dwarf the tree

9 $Which training system is recommended for high-light-requiring stone fruits like peaches, where the center is kept open to admit sunlight?$

A.

Central Leader System

B.

Open Center (Vase) System

C.

Modified Central Leader System

D.

Espalier System

10 $Top working is primarily used for:$

A.

Training young saplings

B.

Controlling pests in the soil

C.

Changing an inferior variety into a superior one in established trees

D.

Increasing the height of the tree trunk

11 $What is the primary physiological effect of Girdling ?$

A.

Increased nitrogen uptake by roots

B.

Accumulation of carbohydrates above the cut

C.

Enhanced downward flow of auxin

D.

Rapid healing of pruning wounds

12 $Meadow Orcharding is a concept associated with:$

A.

Ultra-Low Density Planting

B.

Ultra-High Density Planting

C.

Wild forest simulation

D.

Hydroponic growing

13 $Which practice involves making a cut below a bud to inhibit its growth by accumulating carbohydrates in the bud?$

A.

Notching

B.

Nicking

C.

Heading back

D.

Thinning

14 $In the Modified Central Leader system, the central leader is:$

A.

Allowed to grow indefinitely

B.

Removed immediately at planting

C.

Allowed to grow for a few years and then headed back

D.

Replaced by a trellis wire

15 $Which of the following is an example of Thinning out ?$

A.

Cutting a branch back to half its length

B.

Removing a branch completely from its point of origin

C.

Removing the apical bud only

D.

Scoring the bark of the trunk

16 $The Contour system of planting is specifically designed for:$

A.

Flat plains

B.

Waterlogged soil

C.

Hilly areas with steep slopes

D.

Greenhouse cultivation

17 $What is the ideal Crotch Angle (angle between the trunk and primary branch) for a strong framework?$

A.

Very narrow ()

B.

Wide ()

C.

exactly

D.

Obtuse ()

18 $Frame working differs from Top working in that:$

A.

The main framework of the tree is retained and smaller branches are grafted

B.

The entire tree is cut down to the stump

C.

It is used only for rootstock production

D.

It involves no grafting

19 $Rejuvenation of old orchards generally involves:$

A.

Increasing nitrogen application only

B.

Severe pruning (heading back) of main limbs

C.

Stopping irrigation completely

D.

Planting new trees between old ones without pruning

20 $In a rectangular planting system where row-to-row distance is and plant-to-plant distance is, which is true?$

A.

B.

C.

always

D.

21 $What is the primary disadvantage of the Central Leader System ?$

A.

Weak crotch angles

B.

Lack of structural strength

C.

Shading of the lower interior canopy

D.

Inability to bear fruit

22 $Which pruning tool is most appropriate for cutting branches up to 2 cm in diameter?$

A.

Pruning saw

B.

Secateurs (Hand pruners)

C.

Chainsaw

D.

Axe

23 $High Density Planting (HDP) relies on:$

A.

Vigorous rootstocks and wide spacing

B.

Dwarfing rootstocks and close spacing

C.

Seedling propagation only

D.

No pruning

24 $Which planting system uses trees planted at the corners of equilateral triangles?$

A.

Square system

B.

Rectangular system

C.

Hexagonal system

D.

Quincunx system

25 $When is the best time to prune deciduous fruit trees?$

A.

During peak flowering

B.

During active vegetative growth (Summer)

C.

During the dormant season (Winter)

D.

Immediately after fruit set

26 $The application of Bordeaux paste or paint on cut ends after pruning is done to:$

A.

Make the tree look attractive

B.

Prevent entry of pathogens and promote healing

C.

Stop photosynthesis

D.

Increase water absorption

27 $Which method involves removing a narrow ring of bark without injuring the cambium?$

A.

Scoring

B.

Ringing

C.

Heading back

D.

Thinning

28 $In the context of 'Pollinizers' in an orchard layout, a common recommendation is to plant a pollinizer tree:$

A.

Every 20th tree

B.

Every 3rd tree in every 3rd row (1 in 9)

C.

Only on the border

D.

Once per acre

29 $The Triangular System of planting differs from the Square system because:$

A.

Plants in alternate rows are offset (midway between plants in adjacent rows)

B.

It uses equilateral triangles

C.

It uses a central filler plant

D.

It is only for hills

30 $Root pruning is sometimes practiced to:$

A.

Increase vegetative growth

B.

Reduce tree size and induce flowering

C.

Improve anchorage

D.

Increase water uptake

31 $Bridge grafting is a technique mainly used for:$

A.

Propagating new varieties

B.

Repairing trees with damaged trunks/girdled by rodents

C.

Creating high density orchards

D.

Improving fruit color

32 $A filler crop (like papaya) is most easily accommodated in which system?$

A.

Hexagonal

B.

Quincunx

C.

Contour

D.

High Density Planting

33 $Which of the following is NOT a principle of orchard establishment?$

A.

Selection of proper site

B.

Planning of layout

C.

Selection of suitable varieties

D.

Planting trees randomly to mimic nature

34 $The pruning cut aimed at checking the flow of sap to specific parts to correct the C:N ratio is generally called:$

A.

Detailed pruning

B.

Ringing/Girdling

C.

Heading back

D.

Pollarding

35 $Scaffold branches refer to:$

A.

The roots of the tree

B.

The temporary branches removed annually

C.

The main structural branches arising from the trunk

D.

The fruit-bearing spurs

36 $In the Open Center system, at what height is the main trunk usually headed back at planting?$

A.

10 - 15 cm

B.

40 - 50 cm

C.

1.5 - 2 meters

D.

It is not cut at all

37 $Which of the following represents a summer pruning operation?$

A.

Heavy heading back of structural limbs

B.

Pinching or tipping of soft shoots

C.

Root pruning

D.

Frame working

38 $The concept of the C:N Ratio in pruning suggests that:$

A.

High Nitrogen promotes flowering

B.

High Carbohydrates relative to Nitrogen promotes flowering

C.

Equal C and N stops growth

D.

Low Carbohydrates promotes fruiting

39 $When rejuvenating an old orchard, 'staging' the pruning over 3-4 years is recommended to:$

A.

Save labor costs

B.

Avoid excessive water sprout growth and shock to the tree

C.

Wait for the market price to rise

D.

Allow pests to leave slowly

40 $Bending of branches is a training method used to:$

A.

Increase tree height

B.

Make the branches break

C.

Increase the C:N ratio and induce fruit bud formation

D.

Facilitate ease of climbing

41 $Which system of planting is calculated using the formula: (approx)?$

A.

Square

B.

Hexagonal

C.

Quincunx

D.

Rectangular

42 $Water sprouts are:$

A.

Roots growing in water

B.

Vigorous, vertical, vegetative shoots arising from old wood

C.

Fruiting spurs

D.

Diseased branches

43 $The 'double hedge' system is a variation of:$

A.

High Density Planting

B.

Contour planting

C.

Quincunx planting

D.

Hexagonal planting

44 $Which tool is best for Top Working thick limbs?$

A.

Budding knife

B.

Pruning saw and grafting knife

C.

Hedge shears

D.

Secateurs

45 $To ensure straight rows during orchard layout, what is commonly used?$

A.

Just visual estimation

B.

Planting board

C.

Compass

D.

Walking pacing

46 $During rejuvenation, cleaning of the trunk refers to:$

A.

Washing with soap

B.

Removing loose bark, moss, and lichens

C.

Painting with oil

D.

Wrapping with plastic

47 $In the Hexagonal system, the angle between adjacent rows is:$

A.

B.

C.

D.

48 $The removal of suckers (shoots arising from rootstock) is known as:$

A.

Desuckering

B.

Heading back

C.

Notching

D.

Pollarding

49 $What is the main benefit of the Rectangular system over the Square system?$

A.

More plants per acre

B.

Better cross-pollination

C.

Facilitates mechanical cultivation in one direction

D.

Prevents soil erosion

50 $Pollarding is a severe pruning method where:$

A.

Roots are cut

B.

The main limbs are cut back to the trunk annually to produce a flush of new shoots

C.

Only fruit buds are removed

D.

The bark is peeled off

Unit 4 - Practice Quiz