Unit 2: Sources of Finance and Cost of Capital - Practice Quiz

FIN212 — Basic Financial Management 50 Questions
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1 Which of the following is strictly a short-term source of finance?

A. Debentures
B. Preference Shares
C. Trade Credit
D. Equity Share Capital

2 Financial leases are classified as which type of source of finance based on duration?

A. Overnight source
B. Spontaneous source
C. Medium to Long-term source
D. Short-term source

3 In the context of sources of finance, what does ADR stand for?

A. American Depository Receipt
B. Annual Dividend Rate
C. Authorized Debt Ratio
D. Asset Depreciation Reserve

4 Which of the following is an internal source of long-term finance?

A. Public Deposits
B. Retained Earnings
C. Factoring
D. Bank Loan

5 Commercial Paper (CP) is an unsecured money market instrument issued in the form of:

A. Equity Warrant
B. Promissory Note
C. Bill of Lading
D. Mortgage Deed

6 The Cost of Capital is best defined as:

A. The interest rate charged by the bank on overdrafts
B. The maximum rate of return a firm must earn
C. The total administrative cost of issuing shares
D. The minimum required rate of return to maintain the market value of the firm

7 Which component of capital structure usually has the lowest cost due to tax deductibility?

A. Retained Earnings
B. Debt Capital
C. Preference Capital
D. Equity Capital

8 The formula for the Cost of Irredeemable Debt () after tax is:

A.
B.
C.
D.

9 If a company issues 10% debentures of $100,000 at par and the tax rate is 30%, what is the after-tax cost of debt?

A. 13%
B. 7%
C. 3%
D. 10%

10 Which of the following creates a 'Tax Shield'?

A. Interest on Debentures
B. Retained Earnings
C. Dividend on Preference Shares
D. Dividend on Equity Shares

11 The cost of preference share capital () is generally calculated as:

A.
B.
C.
D.

12 Which of the following statements regarding the Cost of Equity () is TRUE?

A. It is the most expensive source of finance because of higher risk.
B. It is usually lower than the cost of debt.
C. It carries a legal obligation to pay.
D. It is tax-deductible.

13 In the Dividend Price Approach (constant dividend), the Cost of Equity () is:

A.
B.
C.
D.

14 Under the Dividend Growth Model (Gordon's Model), the formula for Cost of Equity is:

A.
B.
C.
D.

15 In the formula , what does represent?

A. Growth rate of dividends
B. Gross profit margin
C. Government tax rate
D. Gearing ratio

16 The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) calculates the cost of equity based on:

A. Book value of assets
B. Interest coverage ratio
C. Past dividend trends only
D. Risk-free rate, Market return, and Beta

17 According to CAPM, the formula for Cost of Equity is:

A.
B.
C.
D.

18 What does 'Beta' () measure in the CAPM model?

A. Credit risk
B. Liquidity risk
C. Unsystematic risk
D. Systematic (Market) risk

19 The Cost of Retained Earnings () is usually considered equal to:

A. Risk-free rate
B. Zero
C. Cost of Equity ()
D. Cost of Debt

20 Why is the Cost of New Equity () typically higher than the Cost of Retained Earnings ()?

A. Due to flotation costs
B. Due to lower risk
C. Due to tax advantages
D. They are always exactly the same

21 WACC stands for:

A. Working Assets Cost Capital
B. Weighted Average Credit Cost
C. Weighted Annual Cost of Capital
D. Weighted Average Cost of Capital

22 To calculate WACC, the specific costs of each source of finance are weighted by their:

A. Maturity period
B. Coupon rate
C. Profitability index
D. Proportion in the capital structure

23 Which weights are generally preferred for calculating WACC?

A. Historical Cost Weights
B. Book Value Weights
C. Par Value Weights
D. Market Value Weights

24 Factoring is a method of raising short-term finance against:

A. Accounts Receivable / Debtors
B. Goodwill
C. Fixed Assets
D. Inventory

25 Which of the following is NOT a component of Cost of Capital?

A. Financial risk premium
B. Business risk premium
C. Sunk costs
D. Risk-free rate

26 If , , and , what is using CAPM?

A. 23.0%
B. 15.5%
C. 17.0%
D. 10.5%

27 Venture Capital is best described as:

A. Safe investment in blue-chip companies
B. Government subsidy for agriculture
C. Financing for high-risk, high-growth startup potential
D. Short-term loan for working capital

28 In the calculation of Cost of Redeemable Debt, the term 'Redemption Value' refers to:

A. The market price today
B. The total interest paid over the life
C. The price at which the bond was issued
D. The amount repayable at maturity

29 Which source of finance does not dilute the control of existing shareholders?

A. Debentures
B. Warrants
C. New Equity Issue
D. Convertible Preference Shares

30 A Global Depository Receipt (GDR) is usually issued in:

A. The company's headquarters
B. USA only
C. India only
D. European markets / Internationally outside the domestic market

31 The approximate formula for Cost of Redeemable Debt involves averaging:

A. Net Proceeds and Redemption Value
B. Risk and Return
C. Interest and Tax
D. Growth and Dividend

32 For a profit-making company, the 'Effective Cost' of debt is:

A. Higher than the coupon rate
B. Lower than the coupon rate
C. Equal to the risk-free rate
D. Equal to the coupon rate

33 If the current market price of a share is $50 and the expected dividend is $5 with no growth, the Cost of Equity is:

A. 20%
B. 15%
C. 10%
D. 5%

34 The 'Realized Yield Approach' for calculating Cost of Equity is based on:

A. Government bond yields
B. Fixed deposit rates
C. Historical returns actually earned by shareholders
D. Future expectations

35 When calculating WACC, if the capital structure changes, what happens?

A. The weights change, likely altering the WACC
B. The WACC remains constant
C. Only the cost of debt changes
D. Only the cost of equity changes

36 Term loans provided by financial institutions are typically for:

A. Less than 1 year
B. Indefinite period
C. 3 to 10 years or more
D. Overnight only

37 What is the primary difference between 'Cum-dividend' and 'Ex-dividend' price when calculating Cost of Equity?

A. Ex-dividend is always higher than Cum-dividend.
B. Cum-dividend is for debt; Ex-dividend is for equity.
C. Cum-dividend includes the right to receive the declared dividend; Ex-dividend does not.
D. There is no difference.

38 In the WACC calculation , what does represent?

A. Weight of Debt
B. World Debt Index
C. Weighted Depreciation
D. Weight of Dividend

39 Which of the following creates a 'Fixed Financial Charge' for a company?

A. Retained Earnings
B. Trade Creditors
C. Long-term Debt
D. Equity Capital

40 If a company has a Beta of 0, its expected return should theoretically equal:

A. Zero
B. The Risk-Free Rate ()
C. The Inflation Rate
D. The Market Return ()

41 Lease financing where the lessor maintains the asset and the lease is short-term is called:

A. Operating Lease
B. Sale and Leaseback
C. Financial Lease
D. Leveraged Lease

42 The marginal cost of capital is:

A. The cost of the cheapest source available
B. The average cost of existing capital
C. The cost of raising one additional unit of new capital
D. The cost of debt only

43 Which of the following is a feature of Preference Shares?

A. Tax-deductible dividends
B. Unlimited voting rights
C. Fixed rate of dividend
D. No claim on assets during liquidation

44 The explicit cost of Retained Earnings is zero. This statement is:

A. True only for private companies
B. False
C. Depends on the tax rate
D. True

45 If flotation costs are 5%, and the market price of a share is NP$) used in the $K_e$ calculation for new shares?

A. $1
B. $19
C. $21
D. $20

46 A bond that is issued at a deep discount and pays no interest during its life is called a:

A. Floating Rate Bond
B. Zero Coupon Bond
C. Convertible Bond
D. Junk Bond

47 In the context of WACC, as the Debt-to-Equity ratio increases significantly, the Cost of Equity () typically:

A. Decreases
B. Becomes zero
C. Remains constant
D. Increases

48 What is 'Ploughing Back of Profits'?

A. Buying back shares
B. Paying dividends
C. Retaining earnings for internal financing
D. Returning capital to shareholders

49 Which of the following is considered a 'hybrid' security?

A. Common Stock
B. Preference Shares
C. Trade Credit
D. Bank Overdraft

50 The primary significance of calculating the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is to:

A. Serve as a benchmark for accepting or rejecting investment projects
B. Calculate tax liability
C. Determine the marketing budget
D. Determine the salary of the CFO