Unit 1: Foundations and AI Problem Solving - Practice Quiz

1 What is the main goal of Artificial Intelligence?

2 Which of the following is an example of an Artificial Intelligence task?

3 Who is commonly credited with coining the term "Artificial Intelligence"?

4 Which event is often considered the formal beginning of AI as an academic field?

5 Which type of AI is designed to perform a specific task?

6 Which characteristic allows an AI system to improve from experience?

7 What is the relationship between Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence?

8 Deep Learning commonly uses which structures to learn from data?

9 Which field focuses on collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data?

10 What is an intelligent system?

11 Which activity is usually part of the AI lifecycle?

12 How can AI assist healthcare professionals?

13 Which is an example of AI use in agriculture?

14 Which financial activity can use Artificial Intelligence?

15 How can AI support education?

16 Which is a common use of AI in manufacturing?

17 In an AI problem, what does the initial state represent?

18 What does a goal state represent in a problem-solving task?

19 A problem is called deterministic when:

20 What is the search space of an AI problem?

21 A hospital system recommends possible diagnoses by comparing a patient's symptoms with patterns learned from previous cases. Which AI capability is primarily demonstrated?

22 Why did expert systems become less popular during periods known as AI winters?

23 A recommendation system improves its suggestions as it receives more user feedback. Which characteristic of AI does this best illustrate?

24 A chess program is highly effective at chess but cannot diagnose diseases or understand ordinary conversation. How should this system be classified?

25 Which statement best describes the relationship among AI, machine learning, and deep learning?

26 A data science team cleans sales data, creates dashboards, identifies trends, and uses a predictive model to estimate future demand. Which conclusion is most accurate?

27 During an AI project, a model performs well during development but poorly after deployment because real-world data has changed. Which lifecycle activity should address this issue?

28 An intelligent traffic system receives sensor data, evaluates congestion, changes signal timings, and observes the resulting traffic flow. Which property of an intelligent system is most evident?

29 A farming system combines satellite images, soil measurements, and weather forecasts to determine where irrigation is needed. What is the main AI benefit?

30 A bank uses an AI model to flag unusual transactions for review. Which design concern is especially important for this application?

31 In an adaptive education platform, a learner repeatedly makes errors with fractions. What is an appropriate AI-based response?

32 A manufacturing robot detects a defective component using a camera and removes it from a production line. Which combination of AI functions is involved?

33 For a route-finding problem, which set correctly represents the essential components of a state-space formulation?

34 In a sliding-tile puzzle, two board arrangements differ only because one tile has moved into the empty position. How should this relationship be represented?

35 A delivery robot operates in a warehouse where other robots move unpredictably and sensor readings are sometimes incomplete. Which problem characteristics apply?

36 Why is an action sequence often preferred over a single action when solving a navigation problem?

37 A search algorithm explores 1,000 reachable states, but only 18 of them satisfy the goal condition. What does the set of 18 states represent?

38 A problem has a branching factor of and a maximum search depth of . Approximately how many nodes can appear in the complete search tree, including the root?

39 An emergency response AI must find routes quickly, but the routes should also be short and safe. Which performance evaluation is most appropriate?

40 A search problem has a reliable heuristic estimating the remaining distance to the goal. Which approach can use this information to prioritize promising states?

41 A delivery agent selects the action with the highest expected utility given its sensor history and probabilistic model. The selected action later causes a poor outcome because an unlikely road closure occurred. Which conclusion is most accurate?

42 Which sequence places the following AI milestones in the correct chronological order?

43 An AI laboratory demonstrates strong prototypes, but deployment collapses because computing costs are excessive, systems are brittle outside curated examples, and promised capabilities were overstated. Which historical pattern does this most closely reproduce?

44 A system can outperform every human at chess but cannot transfer its learned strategies to contract analysis, household navigation, or medical diagnosis without task-specific redesign. How should it be classified?

45 A team cleans transaction data, performs statistical exploration, trains a transformer to classify fraud, and embeds the model in an autonomous case-routing system. Which characterization is most precise?

46 Which system is an example of AI problem solving that does not inherently require machine learning?

47 A loan model retains high aggregate accuracy after deployment, but approval errors rise sharply for a newly introduced applicant category. Which lifecycle response is most appropriate?

48 A cleaning robot observes only its current camera image, while the same image may correspond to different room locations requiring different actions. What change most directly improves the robot's decision state?

49 A disease-screening model is deployed where prevalence is far lower than in its training hospital. Its sensitivity and specificity remain approximately unchanged. Which quantity is most likely to decrease substantially?

50 An agricultural irrigation agent receives noisy moisture readings, cannot directly observe underground water distribution, and sees crop response only after several days. Which formulation best captures the task?

51 In fraud detection, missing a fraudulent transfer costs , investigating a legitimate transfer costs , and predicted probabilities are calibrated. Ignoring other costs, at what fraud probability should a transaction be investigated?

52 An educational model accurately predicts which students will fail. The institution wants to identify students whose outcomes would improve because of tutoring. Why is ranking only by predicted failure risk insufficient?

53 A predictive-maintenance system can replace a component now for , while failure before the next inspection costs . If the estimated failure probability is calibrated and replacement eliminates that risk, what is the cost-minimizing policy?

54 Independent traffic-signal agents minimize delay only at their own intersections. Each learns to release vehicles toward already congested downstream roads, increasing network-wide gridlock. Which modification best addresses the failure?

55 A route planner defines a state only as the current city, but fuel prices vary and the vehicle's remaining fuel affects which roads are feasible. What is the fundamental flaw?

56 In a block-stacking problem, two search nodes contain the same physical arrangement but were reached through different action sequences. Under the standard state-space formulation, how should they be treated?

57 An agent knows all possible outcomes of each action, but an action may lead to several outcomes chosen unpredictably. After every action, the resulting state becomes fully observable. Which approach is most appropriate?

58 A constraint satisfaction problem has variables, each with domain size . Before constraints are applied, there are complete assignments, but only satisfy all constraints. Which statement is correct?

59 Two medical triage agents have equal accuracy. Agent X has more false negatives, while Agent Y has more false positives. Missing an emergency is far costlier than unnecessary review. Which evaluation is most defensible?

60 Graph-search A* uses an admissible but inconsistent heuristic and permanently closes expanded states without reopening them when cheaper paths are found. Which guarantee can fail?