1 $Which of the following is considered a secondary air pollutant?$

A.

Particulate Matter

B.

Sulfur Dioxide

C.

Ground-level Ozone

D.

Carbon Monoxide

2 $What is the primary cause of the 'Greenhouse Effect'?$

A.

Increase in particulate matter

B.

Accumulation of heat-trapping gases like CO2

C.

Depletion of the ozone layer

D.

Acid rain

3 $Minamata disease was caused by the contamination of water with which heavy metal?$

A.

Cadmium

B.

Mercury

C.

Arsenic

D.

Lead

4 $Which gas was released during the Bhopal Gas Tragedy in 1984?$

A.

Chlorofluorocarbon

B.

Sulfur Dioxide

C.

Carbon Monoxide

D.

Methyl Isocyanate (MIC)

5 $What does BOD stand for in the context of water pollution?$

A.

Bacterial Oxygen Demand

B.

Biological Oxygen Demand

C.

Biological Ozone Depletion

D.

Basic Oxygen Depletion

6 $Which layer of the atmosphere contains the protective ozone layer?$

A.

Thermosphere

B.

Troposphere

C.

Stratosphere

D.

Mesosphere

7 $What is the main chemical responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer?$

A.

Methane

B.

Carbon Dioxide

C.

Sulfur Dioxide

D.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

8 $Which phenomenon is primarily responsible for the yellowing of the Taj Mahal?$

A.

Eutrophication

B.

Acid Rain

C.

Global Warming

D.

Ozone Depletion

9 $Which of the following describes 'Eutrophication'?$

A.

Accumulation of toxic metals

B.

Depletion of ozone

C.

Soil erosion

D.

Excessive nutrient enrichment in water bodies

10 $The presence of E. coli in water indicates contamination by:$

A.

Oil spills

B.

Industrial effluents

C.

Heavy metals

D.

Fecal matter

11 $Which unit is used to measure the intensity of noise?$

A.

Dobson

B.

Hertz

C.

Decibel (dB)

D.

ppm

12 $Exposure to noise levels above which threshold is generally considered hazardous to human health?$

A.

120 dB

B.

60 dB

C.

40 dB

D.

80 dB

13 $What is 'Leachate' in the context of waste management?$

A.

Liquid that drains from a landfill

B.

Ash from incineration

C.

The gas produced by composting

D.

Recycled plastic pellets

14 $Itai-Itai disease is caused by poisoning from which element?$

A.

Cadmium

B.

Mercury

C.

Lead

D.

Chromium

15 $Which international protocol is aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions?$

A.

Kyoto Protocol

B.

Montreal Protocol

C.

Basel Convention

D.

Ramsar Convention

16 $The Montreal Protocol is related to:$

A.

Climate Change

B.

Protection of the Ozone Layer

C.

Biodiversity Conservation

D.

Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes

17 $What is the primary component of photochemical smog?$

A.

Methane

B.

Ground-level Ozone

C.

Sulfur dioxide

D.

Carbon monoxide

18 $Which of the following is a method of Solid Waste Management where waste is burned at high temperatures?$

A.

Composting

B.

Incineration

C.

Landfilling

D.

Vermiculture

19 $Bio-magnification refers to:$

A.

Expansion of forest cover

B.

Increase in concentration of toxins at successive trophic levels

C.

Growth of algae in water

D.

Increase in population of a species

20 $Which radioactive gas, naturally occurring in soil, is a leading cause of lung cancer in non-smokers?$

A.

Argon

B.

Xenon

C.

Radon

D.

Krypton

21 $The '3Rs' principle in waste management stands for:$

A.

Read, Register, Recall

B.

Refuse, Recover, Replant

C.

Random, Rare, Reactive

D.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

22 $Vermicomposting involves the use of:$

A.

Fungi

B.

Algae

C.

Earthworms

D.

Bacteria

23 $Blue Baby Syndrome (Methemoglobinemia) is caused by the presence of excess _____ in drinking water.$

A.

Fluoride

B.

Nitrates

C.

Lead

D.

Arsenic

24 $Which specific pollutant causes the 'blackening' of lead-based paints?$

A.

Nitrogen Dioxide

B.

Sulfur Dioxide

C.

Carbon Dioxide

D.

Hydrogen Sulfide

25 $Fly ash is an environmental pollutant produced by:$

A.

Tidal power plants

B.

Nuclear power plants

C.

Thermal power plants

D.

Hydroelectric power plants

26 $What is the primary health hazard associated with PM2.5?$

A.

Skin irritation

B.

Penetration deep into the lungs and bloodstream

C.

Digestive issues

D.

Hearing loss

27 $Which metal is commonly used in fireworks to produce green color but is harmful to the respiratory system?$

A.

Strontium

B.

Sodium

C.

Barium

D.

Copper

28 $Bioremediation is:$

A.

Planting trees to reduce noise

B.

Filtering water using sand

C.

Using chemicals to kill pests

D.

Using microbes to clean up contaminated soil and groundwater

29 $Which of the following is an 'Emerging Pollutant' found in water bodies?$

A.

Pharmaceuticals

B.

Sand

C.

Leaves

D.

Iron

30 $The measurement 'Dobson Unit' is associated with:$

A.

Ozone layer thickness

B.

Water turbidity

C.

Noise levels

D.

Soil acidity

31 $Carbon Monoxide (CO) is dangerous because it:$

A.

Combines with hemoglobin reducing oxygen transport

B.

Is a greenhouse gas

C.

Depletes the ozone layer

D.

Causes acid rain

32 $Which of the following is a non-point source of pollution?$

A.

Agricultural runoff

B.

A sewage treatment plant outlet

C.

A factory discharge pipe

D.

An oil rig spill

33 $Lichens are good bio-indicators for which type of pollution?$

A.

Soil pollution

B.

Air pollution (SO2)

C.

Radiation pollution

D.

Water pollution

34 $What is the main source of thermal pollution in water bodies?$

A.

Sewage discharge

B.

Agricultural runoff

C.

Discharge of hot water from industries/power plants

D.

Oil spills

35 $The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is primarily made up of:$

A.

Oil sludge

B.

Organic waste

C.

Radioactive waste

D.

Microplastics and floating debris

36 $Arsenic contamination in groundwater is a major problem in which part of India?$

A.

West Bengal

B.

Rajasthan

C.

Kerala

D.

Himachal Pradesh

37 $Which component of e-waste is known to damage the central nervous system and kidneys?$

A.

Iron

B.

Gold

C.

Silicon

D.

Lead

38 $The primary gases responsible for Acid Rain are:$

A.

SO2 and NOx

B.

CH4 and CFCs

C.

O3 and Pb

D.

CO2 and CO

39 $Which of the following is a control measure for particulate matter emissions from industries?$

A.

Electrostatic Precipitator

B.

Sedimentation tank

C.

Chlorination

D.

Aeration

40 $The pH value of acid rain is generally considered to be below:$

A.

5.6

B.

7.0

C.

10.0

D.

8.2

41 $Which radiation caused the Chernobyl disaster?$

A.

Infrared radiation

B.

Ionizing radiation (Nuclear)

C.

UV radiation

D.

Microwave radiation

42 $A major impact of global warming on agriculture is:$

A.

Increased soil fertility everywhere

B.

Reduced pest population

C.

Shifting crop growing seasons and reduced yields

D.

Increased crop predictability

43 $Perchlorate is an emerging pollutant often associated with:$

A.

Food waste

B.

Plastic bags

C.

Paper mills

D.

Rocket fuel and fireworks

44 $The 'Love Canal' tragedy was a case study related to:$

A.

Nuclear waste dumping

B.

Chemical waste dumping

C.

Oil spill

D.

Air pollution

45 $Pyrolysis is a method of waste disposal that involves:$

A.

Thermal decomposition of waste in the absence of oxygen

B.

Burying waste in soil

C.

Burning waste with excess oxygen

D.

Dissolving waste in acid

46 $Microplastics are defined as plastic particles smaller than:$

A.

5 mm

B.

1 meter

C.

5 cm

D.

10 cm

47 $What is the 'Green Muffler' scheme related to?$

A.

Noise pollution control

B.

Air pollution control

C.

Water conservation

D.

Soil erosion control

48 $Which gas contributes most to the unpleasant smell of rotten eggs near waste dumps?$

A.

Carbon Dioxide

B.

Oxygen

C.

Hydrogen Sulfide

D.

Nitrogen

49 $Endosulfan, which caused severe health issues in Kerala (Kasargod), is a:$

A.

Fertilizer

B.

Heavy metal

C.

Pesticide

D.

Radioactive element

50 $Which of the following is a 'cleaner' fuel used to reduce vehicular pollution?$

A.

Diesel

B.

Coal

C.

Leaded Petrol

D.

CNG (Compressed Natural Gas)

Unit 4 - Practice Quiz