Group dynamics examines how people interact, communicate, and influence one another within a group.
Incorrect! Try again.
2Why is understanding group dynamics important in an organization?
Group dynamics and its significance
Easy
A.It eliminates individual differences
B.It replaces organizational planning
C.It determines national tax rates
D.It improves group effectiveness
Correct Answer: It improves group effectiveness
Explanation:
Understanding group dynamics helps managers improve communication, cooperation, and group performance.
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3Which process is commonly examined in group dynamics?
Group dynamics and its significance
Easy
A.Machine maintenance
B.Market taxation
C.Member communication
D.Product packaging
Correct Answer: Member communication
Explanation:
Communication is a key group process because it affects coordination and relationships among members.
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4Which type of group is officially created by an organization?
Types of groups
Easy
A.Friendship group
B.Interest group
C.Formal group
D.Informal group
Correct Answer: Formal group
Explanation:
A formal group is deliberately created by an organization to perform assigned tasks.
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5A group that develops naturally through friendships is called what?
Types of groups
Easy
A.Informal group
B.Command group
C.Functional group
D.Project group
Correct Answer: Informal group
Explanation:
An informal group forms naturally through personal relationships and shared interests.
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6Which group is usually characterized by close and personal relationships?
Types of groups
Easy
A.Secondary group
B.Primary group
C.Temporary group
D.Command group
Correct Answer: Primary group
Explanation:
A primary group involves close, direct, and lasting personal relationships among its members.
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7In Tuckman's model, which is the first stage of group development?
Formation and stages of group development
Easy
A.Norming
B.Storming
C.Forming
D.Performing
Correct Answer: Forming
Explanation:
Forming is the first stage, during which members meet and begin to understand the group's purpose.
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8During which stage do disagreements and power struggles commonly occur?
Formation and stages of group development
Easy
A.Adjourning
B.Forming
C.Norming
D.Storming
Correct Answer: Storming
Explanation:
The storming stage often involves conflict as members express different views and compete for roles.
Incorrect! Try again.
9During which stage do members establish shared rules and stronger relationships?
Formation and stages of group development
Easy
A.Forming
B.Norming
C.Adjourning
D.Performing
Correct Answer: Norming
Explanation:
In the norming stage, members develop shared expectations, roles, and cooperative relationships.
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10What is a group norm?
Group performance factors
Easy
A.A record of company profits
B.A method of product pricing
C.A shared standard of behavior
D.A personal plan for promotion
Correct Answer: A shared standard of behavior
Explanation:
A group norm is a shared expectation about how members should behave.
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11What is social loafing?
Group performance factors
Easy
A.Reducing effort within a group
B.Working harder when alone
C.Leading several groups together
D.Resolving conflict between groups
Correct Answer: Reducing effort within a group
Explanation:
Social loafing occurs when a person contributes less effort while working in a group than when working alone.
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12What does group cohesion describe?
Group performance factors
Easy
A.The size of company facilities
B.The level of market competition
C.The amount of employee salary
D.The strength of member attachment
Correct Answer: The strength of member attachment
Explanation:
Group cohesion refers to how strongly members are attracted and committed to their group.
Incorrect! Try again.
13What should be established early when forming an effective team?
Team formation
Easy
A.A flexible salary system
B.A common team goal
C.A private member agenda
D.A separate office location
Correct Answer: A common team goal
Explanation:
A common goal gives team members a shared direction and purpose.
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14Why should roles be clearly assigned during team formation?
Team formation
Easy
A.To prevent all communication
B.To clarify member responsibilities
C.To remove the team leader
D.To increase role confusion
Correct Answer: To clarify member responsibilities
Explanation:
Clear roles help members understand their duties and coordinate their work effectively.
Incorrect! Try again.
15Which quality supports cooperation when a new team is formed?
Team formation
Easy
A.Trust
B.Rivalry
C.Isolation
D.Secrecy
Correct Answer: Trust
Explanation:
Trust encourages members to communicate openly, cooperate, and depend on one another.
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16Which type of team mainly works through digital communication across different locations?
Types of teams
Easy
A.Virtual team
B.Functional team
C.Problem-solving team
D.Command team
Correct Answer: Virtual team
Explanation:
A virtual team uses digital technology to collaborate when members are in different locations.
Incorrect! Try again.
17Which team includes employees from different departments?
Types of teams
Easy
A.Single-function team
B.Informal friendship team
C.Cross-functional team
D.Traditional command team
Correct Answer: Cross-functional team
Explanation:
A cross-functional team brings together employees with expertise from different departments.
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18Which type of team manages many of its own daily activities with limited supervision?
Types of teams
Easy
A.Self-managed team
B.Project team
C.Virtual team
D.Advisory team
Correct Answer: Self-managed team
Explanation:
A self-managed team has substantial responsibility for organizing and controlling its own work.
Incorrect! Try again.
19Which feature is more strongly associated with a team than with a general group?
Difference between group and team
Easy
A.Shared performance responsibility
B.Separate measures of achievement
C.Independent personal goals
D.Limited interaction among members
Correct Answer: Shared performance responsibility
Explanation:
Team members share responsibility for achieving a common performance goal.
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20How does a team typically differ from an ordinary work group?
Difference between group and team
Easy
A.A team prevents member interaction
B.A team creates collective results
C.A team avoids common goals
D.A team has no defined roles
Correct Answer: A team creates collective results
Explanation:
A team combines members' efforts to produce collective results rather than only individual outputs.
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21A project group has skilled members, but meetings are dominated by two people while others withhold useful ideas. Which aspect of group dynamics most directly needs attention?
Group dynamics and its significance
Medium
A.Participation patterns
B.Organizational hierarchy
C.Individual compensation
D.Technical specialization
Correct Answer: Participation patterns
Explanation:
Participation patterns determine how evenly members contribute. Improving them can help the group use the knowledge of quieter members.
Incorrect! Try again.
22A manager studies group dynamics before reorganizing a department. What is the most important practical benefit of doing so?
Group dynamics and its significance
Medium
A.Replacing formal organizational policies
B.Measuring individual intelligence precisely
C.Eliminating all disagreements among employees
D.Predicting interactions and improving cooperation
Correct Answer: Predicting interactions and improving cooperation
Explanation:
Understanding group dynamics helps managers anticipate patterns of interaction and create conditions that support coordination and cooperation.
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23Members of a committee publicly support a weak proposal because they do not want to challenge the apparent consensus. Which group-dynamics problem is illustrated?
Group dynamics and its significance
Medium
A.Role enrichment
B.Social facilitation
C.Job rotation
D.Groupthink
Correct Answer: Groupthink
Explanation:
Groupthink occurs when pressure for agreement discourages critical evaluation and the expression of alternative views.
Incorrect! Try again.
24Employees from finance, marketing, and operations are officially assigned to reduce order-processing time. What type of group is this?
Types of groups
Medium
A.Social reference group
B.Formal task group
C.Informal interest group
D.Informal friendship group
Correct Answer: Formal task group
Explanation:
A formal task group is deliberately created by the organization to complete a defined assignment or solve a particular problem.
Incorrect! Try again.
25Several employees from different departments voluntarily meet to advocate for improved workplace accessibility. How should this group be classified?
Types of groups
Medium
A.Quality circle
B.Production team
C.Command group
D.Interest group
Correct Answer: Interest group
Explanation:
An interest group forms voluntarily around a shared concern or objective, even when members hold different organizational roles.
Incorrect! Try again.
26A department manager and all employees who report directly to her constitute which type of group?
Types of groups
Medium
A.Project group
B.Friendship group
C.Command group
D.Interest group
Correct Answer: Command group
Explanation:
A command group is defined by the formal reporting relationships shown in the organizational structure.
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27A newly formed group is polite, uncertain about expectations, and strongly dependent on its leader for guidance. Which development stage is it experiencing?
Formation and stages of group development
Medium
A.Performing
B.Norming
C.Storming
D.Forming
Correct Answer: Forming
Explanation:
During forming, members seek orientation, test acceptable behavior, and depend on leadership while goals and roles remain unclear.
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28Team members openly dispute priorities and compete for influence after becoming comfortable enough to express disagreement. Which stage does this represent?
Formation and stages of group development
Medium
A.Norming
B.Forming
C.Storming
D.Adjourning
Correct Answer: Storming
Explanation:
Storming is characterized by conflict over goals, roles, procedures, and influence as members assert their preferences.
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29After resolving early conflicts, members establish shared procedures, accept their roles, and develop stronger cohesion. Which stage have they entered?
Formation and stages of group development
Medium
A.Storming
B.Performing
C.Norming
D.Adjourning
Correct Answer: Norming
Explanation:
In the norming stage, members develop shared expectations, clarify roles, and build cohesion after working through conflict.
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30A mature project group now solves problems flexibly, coordinates with little supervision, and consistently meets demanding targets. Which stage is most evident?
Formation and stages of group development
Medium
A.Performing
B.Storming
C.Norming
D.Forming
Correct Answer: Performing
Explanation:
At the performing stage, established relationships and structures allow members to focus their energy on effective task completion.
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31In a large group assignment, some members reduce their effort because their individual contributions cannot be easily identified. Which factor is reducing performance?
Group performance factors
Medium
A.Group cohesion
B.Social facilitation
C.Social loafing
D.Role clarity
Correct Answer: Social loafing
Explanation:
Social loafing is the tendency to exert less effort in a group when individual contributions are difficult to identify.
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32A highly cohesive sales group consistently exceeds its targets because members strongly support both one another and the organization's performance standards. What best explains the result?
Group performance factors
Medium
A.Low cohesion combined with strict supervision
B.Low accountability supported by friendship
C.High diversity without shared expectations
D.High cohesion aligned with productive norms
Correct Answer: High cohesion aligned with productive norms
Explanation:
Cohesion improves performance most reliably when the group's shared norms encourage high productivity and support organizational goals.
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33Two analysts duplicate the same work while another essential task remains unfinished because responsibilities were never assigned clearly. Which intervention is most appropriate?
Group performance factors
Medium
A.Clarify member roles
B.Reduce task feedback
C.Increase group size
D.Encourage status competition
Correct Answer: Clarify member roles
Explanation:
Clear roles reduce duplication, prevent neglected tasks, and help members coordinate their contributions effectively.
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34A product-design group includes members with different expertise, but repeated misunderstandings delay decisions. What action would best retain diversity's benefits while improving performance?
Group performance factors
Medium
A.Replace specialists with similar employees
B.Establish shared communication practices
C.Allow each function to work independently
D.Avoid discussion of technical differences
Correct Answer: Establish shared communication practices
Explanation:
Shared communication practices help diverse members integrate their knowledge without sacrificing the wider range of perspectives diversity provides.
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35A manager is forming a team to develop a new service. Which selection approach is most likely to create an effective team?
Team formation
Medium
A.Combine complementary skills and collaborative attitudes
B.Recruit the largest number of available employees
C.Choose members solely according to organizational rank
D.Select only employees with similar technical backgrounds
Correct Answer: Combine complementary skills and collaborative attitudes
Explanation:
Effective teams need complementary capabilities for the task and members who are willing to coordinate, communicate, and share responsibility.
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36A newly assembled team has capable members but keeps pursuing conflicting priorities. What should the leader do first to strengthen team formation?
Team formation
Medium
A.Postpone decisions until conflict disappears
B.Assign additional tasks to each member
C.Establish a shared purpose and goals
D.Introduce individual performance contests
Correct Answer: Establish a shared purpose and goals
Explanation:
A shared purpose and clear goals align members' efforts and provide a common basis for priorities and decisions.
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37Production employees meet regularly to identify defects and recommend improvements, but managers retain authority to implement changes. What type of team is this?
Types of teams
Medium
A.Cross-functional team
B.Virtual team
C.Problem-solving team
D.Self-managed team
Correct Answer: Problem-solving team
Explanation:
Problem-solving teams analyze work-related issues and recommend improvements, but they usually lack authority to implement major changes independently.
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38A group of technicians schedules work, assigns responsibilities, monitors quality, and handles routine decisions without a direct supervisor. What type of team is it?
Types of teams
Medium
A.Command group
B.Self-managed team
C.Advisory committee
D.Problem-solving team
Correct Answer: Self-managed team
Explanation:
Self-managed teams assume substantial responsibility for planning, allocating work, monitoring results, and making operational decisions.
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39Specialists located in four countries collaborate mainly through digital platforms to complete a shared software project. Which type of team is most clearly represented?
Types of teams
Medium
A.Command team
B.Quality circle
C.Virtual team
D.Friendship group
Correct Answer: Virtual team
Explanation:
A virtual team relies primarily on communication technology to coordinate members who are separated geographically or organizationally.
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40Which situation most clearly indicates that a working group has developed into a team?
Difference between group and team
Medium
A.Members exchange updates but retain separate targets
B.Members attend meetings within the same department
C.Members create joint outputs and share accountability
D.Members report individually to the same supervisor
Correct Answer: Members create joint outputs and share accountability
Explanation:
Teams are distinguished by coordinated effort, collective work products, and mutual accountability rather than merely sharing information or supervision.
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41A highly cohesive production group consistently exceeds its error limit because members protect one another from managerial scrutiny. Which intervention best reflects the significance of group dynamics for performance?
Group dynamics and its significance
Hard
A.Align group norms with quality goals and accountability
B.Allow the group to regulate quality without external feedback
C.Increase cohesion through additional social events
D.Replace collective incentives with seniority-based rewards
Correct Answer: Align group norms with quality goals and accountability
Explanation:
Cohesion strengthens conformity to existing norms. Performance improves only when those norms support organizational goals and are reinforced by accountability.
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42Employees from finance, marketing, and operations are formally assigned for four months to redesign a billing process while remaining in their original departments. What type of group is this primarily?
Types of groups
Hard
A.A temporary cross-functional task group
B.A reference group based on identification
C.An informal friendship group
D.A permanent functional command group
Correct Answer: A temporary cross-functional task group
Explanation:
The group is formally created for a limited assignment and draws members from several functions, making it a temporary cross-functional task group.
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43A team had established stable roles and effective routines. After several experts join, members again dispute authority, priorities, and methods. Which interpretation is most accurate?
Formation and stages of group development
Hard
A.The team has reverted from performing to storming
B.The team has entered adjourning permanently
C.The team is experiencing social loafing rather than developmental regression
D.The team has skipped directly from forming to norming
Correct Answer: The team has reverted from performing to storming
Explanation:
Group development is not always linear. Major membership changes can disrupt established norms and return a performing team to storming.
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44A six-month project group works with little urgency for three months. At the midpoint, members abruptly revise their approach and accelerate execution. Which model best explains this pattern?
Formation and stages of group development
Hard
A.The equilibrium model of distributive justice
B.The social-identity model
C.Tuckman's sequential-stage model
D.The punctuated-equilibrium model
Correct Answer: The punctuated-equilibrium model
Explanation:
The punctuated-equilibrium model predicts an initial period of inertia followed by a major transition near the temporal midpoint.
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45Using the model , a group has potential performance of , process losses of , and process gains of . What is its actual performance?
Group performance factors
Hard
A.
B.
C.
D.
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
Substitution gives .
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46In a brainstorming group, members reduce their effort because individual contributions cannot be identified, although they remain capable and understand the task. Which change most directly addresses the underlying problem?
Group performance factors
Hard
A.Evaluate only the final collective result through a broad annual review process
B.Make individual contributions identifiable
C.Increase the group's maximum possible size
D.Assign an even less structured task
Correct Answer: Make individual contributions identifiable
Explanation:
Low identifiability encourages social loafing. Tracking individual inputs increases accountability without changing members' underlying ability.
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47A manager is forming a team for a tightly coupled product launch. Candidates have strong individual expertise but overlapping skills and little willingness to coordinate. Which selection priority would most improve team viability?
Team formation
Hard
A.Select complementary skills and collaborative orientation
B.Maximize similarity in technical specialization
C.Choose only the highest individual performers
D.Minimize early discussion so that members can independently determine their preferred responsibilities
Correct Answer: Select complementary skills and collaborative orientation
Explanation:
Interdependent work requires both complementary competencies and willingness to coordinate; individual excellence alone does not ensure team effectiveness.
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48A factory unit schedules work, allocates assignments, monitors quality, and handles routine discipline without a conventional frontline supervisor. Which team type is the best classification?
Types of teams
Hard
A.Self-managed work team
B.Cross-functional executive team
C.Virtual advisory team
D.Problem-solving team
Correct Answer: Self-managed work team
Explanation:
A self-managed work team assumes substantial responsibility for planning, monitoring, and controlling its own operational activities.
Incorrect! Try again.
49Which feature most clearly distinguishes a genuine work team from a group whose members merely share information?
Difference between group and team
Hard
A.Mutual accountability for a collective work product
B.Regular meetings conducted under formal procedures
C.A recognized manager who evaluates each member
D.Members who possess similar qualifications and report through the same organizational hierarchy
Correct Answer: Mutual accountability for a collective work product
Explanation:
Teams integrate interdependent contributions into a collective product and accept mutual accountability; information-sharing groups may retain only individual accountability.
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50A surgical team performs efficiently because each member knows which colleague possesses specific expertise and directs relevant questions accordingly. Which mechanism is operating?
Group performance factors
Hard
A.Social facilitation
B.Normative conformity
C.Pluralistic ignorance
D.Transactive memory
Correct Answer: Transactive memory
Explanation:
A transactive memory system is shared knowledge about who knows what, allowing expertise to be located and coordinated efficiently.
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51A cohesive executive committee suppresses doubts about an acquisition, treats silence as agreement, and dismisses contrary market evidence. Which safeguard would most directly reduce the decision defect?
Group dynamics and its significance
Hard
A.Appoint a rotating devil's advocate
B.Restrict evidence to internal forecasts
C.Increase public commitment before discussion
D.Ask the leader to announce a preferred decision and then invite brief comments
Correct Answer: Appoint a rotating devil's advocate
Explanation:
Structured dissent challenges premature consensus and reduces groupthink by ensuring that alternatives and contrary evidence receive consideration.
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52A demographically diverse team initially collaborates well. During a crisis, age, location, and functional background align into the same two subgroups, sharply increasing conflict. What best explains this change?
Group performance factors
Hard
A.The team completed the adjourning stage
B.A strong demographic faultline became activated
C.Individual accountability eliminated role ambiguity
D.The crisis converted relationship conflict into productive task conflict through stronger subgroup identification
Correct Answer: A strong demographic faultline became activated
Explanation:
A faultline is especially strong when several attributes align and divide members into coherent subgroups; situational pressure can activate it.
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53An analyst publicly accepts the majority's incorrect estimate despite privately possessing strong contradictory evidence, mainly to avoid rejection. Which influence process is dominant?
Group dynamics and its significance
Hard
A.Referent attribution
B.Normative influence
C.Informational influence
D.Minority influence
Correct Answer: Normative influence
Explanation:
Normative influence produces public compliance to gain acceptance or avoid disapproval, even when private beliefs remain unchanged.
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54A newly promoted specialist has greater technical expertise than colleagues but low formal status. Members repeatedly ignore the specialist's accurate recommendations. Which factor most directly explains the performance loss?
Group performance factors
Hard
A.Status characteristics are overriding task-relevant expertise
B.The specialist's expertise has transformed the task from conjunctive to additive
C.Role clarity is removing communication barriers
D.High cohesion is automatically increasing decision accuracy
Correct Answer: Status characteristics are overriding task-relevant expertise
Explanation:
Status hierarchies can distort participation and influence, causing groups to underuse valid expertise held by lower-status members.
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55A mountain-climbing team's success depends on every member safely completing a technically difficult section. Assuming skill levels differ substantially, which allocation best improves performance on this conjunctive task?
Group performance factors
Hard
A.Concentrate coaching on the weakest member
B.Average all members' skill ratings and assign identical development activities
C.Increase membership without assessing competence
D.Concentrate rewards on the strongest member
Correct Answer: Concentrate coaching on the weakest member
Explanation:
Conjunctive performance is constrained by the least capable member, so improving that member's competence raises the team's performance ceiling.
Incorrect! Try again.
56Members selected for an innovation team disagree about who owns customer research, who approves prototypes, and how decisions will be escalated. Which early team-formation action best addresses all three problems?
Team formation
Hard
A.Replace shared goals with separate individual targets
B.Develop a team charter defining roles and decision rights
C.Increase informal social interaction while leaving authority and escalation arrangements deliberately undefined
D.Delay role allocation until the final project phase
Correct Answer: Develop a team charter defining roles and decision rights
Explanation:
A team charter can clarify purpose, responsibilities, decision rules, and escalation procedures before ambiguity produces recurring conflict.
Incorrect! Try again.
57A geographically dispersed software team relies mainly on digital communication. Members have complementary skills, but misunderstandings persist because contextual cues and informal knowledge are limited. Which intervention is most appropriate?
Types of teams
Hard
A.Establish communication norms and create richer interaction opportunities
B.Eliminate synchronous contact to maximize scheduling autonomy
C.Measure effectiveness solely by the volume of messages exchanged across all available digital channels
D.Centralize every technical decision with one remote member
Correct Answer: Establish communication norms and create richer interaction opportunities
Explanation:
Virtual teams benefit from explicit communication protocols, suitable media, and richer interactions that build shared context and trust.
Incorrect! Try again.
58A temporary consulting group has delivered its report, but members show anxiety about separation and focus on documenting lessons and transferring responsibilities. Which stage is dominant?
Formation and stages of group development
Hard
A.Storming
B.Norming
C.Adjourning
D.Performing
Correct Answer: Adjourning
Explanation:
Adjourning occurs when a temporary group completes its task, disengages, transfers knowledge, and prepares for dissolution.
Incorrect! Try again.
59A department introduces a collective bonus, but employees still complete unrelated assignments, coordinate rarely, and remain accountable only for individual outputs. What has most likely been created?
Difference between group and team
Hard
A.A team with reciprocal task interdependence and shared responsibility for one jointly produced outcome
B.A fully integrated work team
C.A group with a collective reward
D.A self-managed production team
Correct Answer: A group with a collective reward
Explanation:
A collective reward alone does not create a team. The employees still lack integrated work, meaningful interdependence, and mutual accountability.
Incorrect! Try again.
60Junior employees adopt the clothing, language, and career preferences of an elite professional association whose membership they seek but do not yet hold. The association functions primarily as which type of group for them?
Types of groups
Hard
A.A task group
B.A command group
C.A membership friendship group
D.An aspirational reference group
Correct Answer: An aspirational reference group
Explanation:
An aspirational reference group shapes attitudes and behavior because individuals want to identify with or eventually join it, even without current membership.
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