LAN stands for Local Area Network, a network that connects computers within a small area like an office or building.
Incorrect! Try again.
2Which type of network typically covers the smallest geographical area?
Local and Global reach of the network
Easy
A.WAN
B.LAN
C.The Internet
D.MAN
Correct Answer: LAN
Explanation:
A LAN (Local Area Network) covers a small area such as a single building or campus, making it the smallest among these.
Incorrect! Try again.
3The largest global network of interconnected networks is called the:
Local and Global reach of the network
Easy
A.Internet
B.Intranet
C.Bus network
D.LAN
Correct Answer: Internet
Explanation:
The Internet is a worldwide system of interconnected networks, giving it global reach.
Incorrect! Try again.
4What does WAN stand for?
Local and Global reach of the network
Easy
A.Wide Area Network
B.Wired Area Node
C.Wireless Access Node
D.Web Application Network
Correct Answer: Wide Area Network
Explanation:
WAN stands for Wide Area Network, which spans large geographical areas such as cities, countries, or continents.
Incorrect! Try again.
5A network that covers a city or a large campus area is best described as a:
Local and Global reach of the network
Easy
A.Modem
B.PAN
C.LAN
D.MAN
Correct Answer: MAN
Explanation:
A MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) covers a city or large campus, sitting between a LAN and a WAN in size.
Incorrect! Try again.
6A digital signal is best described as one that uses:
Digital and Analog Transmission
Easy
A.Sound waves only
B.Continuous smooth waves
C.Random noise levels
D.Discrete values such as 0 and 1
Correct Answer: Discrete values such as 0 and 1
Explanation:
Digital signals represent data using discrete values, typically the binary digits 0 and 1.
Incorrect! Try again.
7An analog signal is characterized by:
Digital and Analog Transmission
Easy
A.Only two fixed levels
B.Fixed square pulses
C.Binary bits only
D.A continuous varying waveform
Correct Answer: A continuous varying waveform
Explanation:
Analog signals vary continuously over time, unlike digital signals that use discrete levels.
Incorrect! Try again.
8Which of the following is an example of analog data in everyday life?
Digital and Analog Transmission
Easy
A.Text file bits
B.Human voice
C.Computer memory contents
D.Binary code
Correct Answer: Human voice
Explanation:
The human voice is a natural analog signal because it varies continuously in amplitude and frequency.
Incorrect! Try again.
9Computers internally process and store data primarily in which form?
Digital and Analog Transmission
Easy
A.Digital
B.Analog
C.Optical waves
D.Sound waves
Correct Answer: Digital
Explanation:
Computers work with digital data represented as binary 0s and 1s.
Incorrect! Try again.
10In digital transmission, data is commonly represented using which number system?
Digital and Analog Transmission
Easy
A.Decimal
B.Hexadecimal only
C.Binary
D.Roman
Correct Answer: Binary
Explanation:
Digital systems represent data using the binary number system, made up of 0s and 1s.
Incorrect! Try again.
11What is the primary function of a modem?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Easy
A.To store files permanently
B.To modulate and demodulate signals
C.To print documents
D.To scan images
Correct Answer: To modulate and demodulate signals
Explanation:
A modem MOdulates digital signals into analog for transmission and DEModulates them back, which is where its name comes from.
Incorrect! Try again.
12The word modem is formed from which two terms?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Easy
A.Module and Demo
B.Modulator and Demodulator
C.Monitor and Demo
D.Modern and Modem
Correct Answer: Modulator and Demodulator
Explanation:
Modem is a combination of Modulator and Demodulator, describing its two main tasks.
Incorrect! Try again.
13Standard telephone lines were originally designed to carry which type of signal?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Easy
A.Optical
B.Wireless
C.Analog
D.Digital
Correct Answer: Analog
Explanation:
Traditional telephone lines were designed to carry analog voice signals, which is why modems are needed for digital data.
Incorrect! Try again.
14A modem is required because a computer's digital signals cannot directly travel over:
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Easy
A.Analog telephone lines
B.USB cables
C.Internal memory buses
D.Fiber optic cables
Correct Answer: Analog telephone lines
Explanation:
A modem converts the computer's digital signals so they can be sent over analog telephone lines.
Incorrect! Try again.
15The speed of a modem is commonly measured in:
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Easy
A.Bits per second (bps)
B.Pixels per inch
C.Hertz per byte
D.Dots per second
Correct Answer: Bits per second (bps)
Explanation:
Modem data transfer speed is measured in bits per second (bps), indicating how many bits are transmitted each second.
Incorrect! Try again.
16What does DSL stand for?
Using Digital Data Connections
Easy
A.Digital Subscriber Line
B.Direct Signal Link
C.Dynamic System Load
D.Data Storage Line
Correct Answer: Digital Subscriber Line
Explanation:
DSL stands for Digital Subscriber Line, a technology that provides digital data over telephone lines.
Incorrect! Try again.
17Compared to a standard dial-up modem connection, a digital connection like DSL is generally:
Using Digital Data Connections
Easy
A.Unable to carry data
B.The same speed
C.Faster
D.Slower
Correct Answer: Faster
Explanation:
Digital connections such as DSL offer much higher data speeds than traditional dial-up modem connections.
Incorrect! Try again.
18Which of the following is a type of high-speed digital data connection?
Using Digital Data Connections
Easy
A.AM radio
B.Telegraph
C.Analog fax
D.ISDN
Correct Answer: ISDN
Explanation:
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is a digital connection technology used for faster data transmission.
Incorrect! Try again.
19Which technology is commonly used to connect devices to a wireless local network?
Wireless networks
Easy
A.Ethernet cable
B.Coaxial cable
C.Telephone cable
D.Wi-Fi
Correct Answer: Wi-Fi
Explanation:
Wi-Fi is the common wireless technology used to connect devices to a local network without cables.
Incorrect! Try again.
20Which short-range wireless technology is typically used to connect a phone to a headset?
Wireless networks
Easy
A.Coaxial
B.DSL
C.Fiber optics
D.Bluetooth
Correct Answer: Bluetooth
Explanation:
Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology commonly used for devices like headsets, keyboards, and speakers.
Incorrect! Try again.
21A company connects computers across three floors of a single building so employees can share a printer and files. Which type of network best describes this setup?
Local and Global reach of the network
Medium
A.WAN (Wide Area Network)
B.LAN (Local Area Network)
C.MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
D.PAN (Personal Area Network)
Correct Answer: LAN (Local Area Network)
Explanation:
A network confined to a single building or campus with shared resources like printers and files is a LAN, which offers high speed over a limited geographic area.
Incorrect! Try again.
22A multinational firm links its offices in New York, London, and Tokyo into one connected network. Which network type provides this global reach?
Local and Global reach of the network
Medium
A.CAN (Campus Area Network)
B.PAN (Personal Area Network)
C.WAN (Wide Area Network)
D.LAN (Local Area Network)
Correct Answer: WAN (Wide Area Network)
Explanation:
A WAN spans large geographic distances, often across countries, and typically uses leased lines or the public infrastructure to connect distant LANs.
Incorrect! Try again.
23Which statement correctly compares a LAN with a WAN?
Local and Global reach of the network
Medium
A.A WAN is limited to a single office building
B.A LAN covers a larger area but has lower data rates than a WAN
C.A LAN generally offers higher data rates but covers a smaller area than a WAN
D.A LAN and WAN always use identical transmission media
Correct Answer: A LAN generally offers higher data rates but covers a smaller area than a WAN
Explanation:
LANs are limited in geographic scope but achieve high speeds, while WANs cover large distances at typically lower per-link speeds due to distance and shared infrastructure.
Incorrect! Try again.
24A signal that varies continuously and can take on infinitely many values within a range is best described as which kind of signal?
Digital and Analog Transmission
Medium
A.Binary signal
B.Analog signal
C.Discrete signal
D.Digital signal
Correct Answer: Analog signal
Explanation:
Analog signals vary continuously over time and can assume infinite values, unlike digital signals, which use discrete levels such as 0 and 1.
Incorrect! Try again.
25Why is digital transmission generally more resistant to noise than analog transmission over long distances?
Digital and Analog Transmission
Medium
A.Digital signals travel faster than the speed of analog signals
B.Regenerated digital signals can restore discrete levels, removing accumulated noise
C.Digital signals never lose any energy over distance
D.Analog signals cannot be amplified at all
Correct Answer: Regenerated digital signals can restore discrete levels, removing accumulated noise
Explanation:
Digital repeaters regenerate clean 0s and 1s, discarding noise, whereas analog amplifiers boost both the signal and the accumulated noise together.
Incorrect! Try again.
26Converting a continuous analog voice signal into a stream of 0s and 1s for transmission is an example of which process?
Sampling and encoding a continuous analog signal into binary values is analog-to-digital conversion, commonly performed by devices such as codecs.
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27A digital signal is sent through a medium designed to carry analog waves, such as a traditional telephone line. What must happen first?
Digital and Analog Transmission
Medium
A.The digital signal must be encrypted before sending
B.The digital signal must be modulated onto an analog carrier
C.The analog line must be converted to fiber
D.The digital signal must be amplified only
Correct Answer: The digital signal must be modulated onto an analog carrier
Explanation:
Analog-only media require the digital data to be modulated onto an analog carrier wave, which is exactly what a modem does at the sending end.
Incorrect! Try again.
28What does the term "modem" stand for, reflecting its two core functions?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Medium
A.Mode Memory
B.Modular Demultiplexer
C.Modal Demodulator
D.Modulator-Demodulator
Correct Answer: Modulator-Demodulator
Explanation:
A modem modulates outgoing digital data onto an analog carrier and demodulates incoming analog signals back into digital data, hence Modulator-Demodulator.
Incorrect! Try again.
29At the receiving computer, what specific task does the modem perform on the incoming signal from the phone line?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Medium
A.Modulates the digital data into an analog signal
B.Demodulates the analog signal back into digital data
C.Increases the line voltage for transmission
D.Splits the signal into voice and video channels
Correct Answer: Demodulates the analog signal back into digital data
Explanation:
On the receiving side the modem demodulates: it converts the incoming analog carrier back into the digital bits the computer can process.
Incorrect! Try again.
30A user with a standard dial-up modem cannot make voice phone calls while connected to the internet. What is the main reason?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Medium
A.Voice calls require a separate fiber connection
B.The modem physically disconnects the phone jack
C.The modem converts the line to digital-only mode permanently
D.Dial-up occupies the single voice channel of the telephone line
Correct Answer: Dial-up occupies the single voice channel of the telephone line
Explanation:
A dial-up modem uses the same voice-frequency band of the phone line, so the line is busy for data and unavailable for simultaneous voice calls.
Incorrect! Try again.
31A traditional dial-up modem is limited to roughly 56 Kbps. Which factor most directly limits this maximum speed?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Medium
A.The narrow voice-frequency bandwidth of the analog telephone line
B.The brand of the computer's operating system
C.The number of pixels on the user's monitor
D.The color of the wiring insulation
Correct Answer: The narrow voice-frequency bandwidth of the analog telephone line
Explanation:
Standard phone lines were designed for the limited voice-frequency band, and this narrow bandwidth caps modem throughput near 56 Kbps.
Incorrect! Try again.
32If a modem transfers data at 48 Kbps, approximately how long will it take to download a file of 6 kilobytes (assume 8 bits per byte)?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Medium
A.About 1 second
B.About 8 seconds
C.About 48 seconds
D.About 0.1 seconds
Correct Answer: About 1 second
Explanation:
The file is kilobits. At Kbps, time second (ignoring overhead).
Incorrect! Try again.
33A home user replaces dial-up with DSL and can now browse the web while talking on the phone at the same time. Why is this possible with DSL?
Using Digital Data Connections
Medium
A.DSL uses higher frequency bands separate from the voice frequencies on the same line
B.DSL runs on a completely separate fiber cable to the home
C.DSL compresses voice into the data stream
D.DSL turns off the telephone's voice circuit
Correct Answer: DSL uses higher frequency bands separate from the voice frequencies on the same line
Explanation:
DSL transmits data over higher frequency bands than voice on the same copper line, so voice and data can coexist without interfering.
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34Which of the following is a genuine advantage of a leased digital line such as a T1 over a standard dial-up connection?
Using Digital Data Connections
Medium
A.It provides a dedicated, always-on connection with guaranteed bandwidth
B.It requires no physical cabling at all
C.It can only carry voice, not data
D.It costs less than dial-up in every situation
Correct Answer: It provides a dedicated, always-on connection with guaranteed bandwidth
Explanation:
Leased lines like T1 offer a dedicated, always-available circuit with a fixed, guaranteed data rate, unlike shared or on-demand dial-up.
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35A business needs consistent upload and download speeds for video conferencing between two branches. Which connection characteristic is most important here?
Using Digital Data Connections
Medium
A.A connection that shares its channel with the telephone
B.Symmetric bandwidth (equal upload and download speeds)
C.A modem that only modulates data
D.The lowest possible installation cost
Correct Answer: Symmetric bandwidth (equal upload and download speeds)
Explanation:
Video conferencing sends and receives large data streams, so symmetric bandwidth ensures both directions have the capacity needed for smooth quality.
Incorrect! Try again.
36Compared with copper-based DSL, why does fiber-optic digital connection typically support much higher data rates?
Using Digital Data Connections
Medium
A.Light pulses in fiber offer far greater bandwidth and lower signal loss
B.Fiber uses the voice-frequency band more efficiently
C.Fiber cables are physically thicker than copper
D.Fiber connections do not require any modem-like device
Correct Answer: Light pulses in fiber offer far greater bandwidth and lower signal loss
Explanation:
Fiber carries data as light with very high bandwidth and minimal attenuation over distance, enabling speeds far beyond copper DSL.
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37A student connects a laptop to the internet at a coffee shop using Wi-Fi. Which technology enables this local wireless connection?
Wireless networks
Medium
A.A wireless access point transmitting radio signals (IEEE 802.11)
B.A dial-up modem using the phone line
C.An infrared remote control link
D.A fiber-optic cable plugged into the laptop
Correct Answer: A wireless access point transmitting radio signals (IEEE 802.11)
Explanation:
Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) uses radio waves from a wireless access point to connect nearby devices to a network without cables.
Incorrect! Try again.
38A user wants to wirelessly connect a headset to a phone over a very short range with low power use. Which technology is most appropriate?
Wireless networks
Medium
A.Cellular 4G
B.Bluetooth
C.DSL
D.Satellite link
Correct Answer: Bluetooth
Explanation:
Bluetooth is designed for short-range, low-power personal-area connections such as linking headsets, keyboards, and phones.
Incorrect! Try again.
39Which of the following is a realistic limitation of wireless networks compared with wired networks?
Wireless networks
Medium
A.They require no security measures at all
B.They are more susceptible to interference and signal attenuation from obstacles
C.They can never transmit digital data
D.They always provide faster speeds than any wired link
Correct Answer: They are more susceptible to interference and signal attenuation from obstacles
Explanation:
Radio-based wireless links can be weakened or disrupted by walls, distance, and other devices, making interference a key limitation versus cabling.
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40A traveler in a remote area with no cell towers or landlines needs internet access. Which wireless option is most suitable?
Wireless networks
Medium
A.Wi-Fi hotspot
B.Satellite connection
C.Wired Ethernet
D.Bluetooth tethering
Correct Answer: Satellite connection
Explanation:
Satellite communication provides coverage in remote regions lacking terrestrial infrastructure, since it relies on orbiting satellites rather than local towers or cables.
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41A channel has a bandwidth of Hz and a signal-to-noise ratio of dB. Using the Shannon capacity formula, the maximum theoretical data rate is closest to:
Digital and Analog Transmission
Hard
A. bps
B. bps
C. bps
D. bps
Correct Answer: bps
Explanation:
SNR dB means , so . Capacity bps.
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42A noiseless channel has a bandwidth of Hz. Using Nyquist's theorem, what is the maximum data rate if each signal element encodes bits (16 levels)?
Digital and Analog Transmission
Hard
A. bps
B. bps
C. bps
D. bps
Correct Answer: bps
Explanation:
Nyquist: rate bps.
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43A modem operates at a baud rate of and achieves a bit rate of bps. How many bits per signal element are encoded, and what modulation scheme fits?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Hard
A. bits/symbol, QPSK
B. bit/symbol, BPSK
C. bits/symbol, 256-QAM
D. bits/symbol, 16-QAM
Correct Answer: bits/symbol, 16-QAM
Explanation:
Bits per symbol bit rate baud . Encoding bits per symbol requires distinct states, matching 16-QAM.
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44Standard telephone (POTS) local loops limit usable voice-band bandwidth to roughly – Hz. Why can V.90 modems reach kbps downstream but only kbps upstream?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Hard
A.The upstream carrier frequency is legally capped at a lower value
B.Upstream traffic is throttled by ISP policy regardless of the physical line
C.Downstream signals travel on fiber while upstream uses copper
D.Downstream uses a digital-to-analog path from a fully digital source, avoiding one quantization/analog stage that the analog upstream path incurs
Correct Answer: Downstream uses a digital-to-analog path from a fully digital source, avoiding one quantization/analog stage that the analog upstream path incurs
Explanation:
V.90 exploits that the downstream side originates from a digital source in the phone network, so only one analog conversion occurs. The upstream analog-to-digital conversion adds quantization noise, capping it near Shannon's kbps limit.
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45A T1 line carries voice channels, each sampled at samples/s with bits per sample, plus framing bit per frame. What is its total data rate?
Using Digital Data Connections
Hard
A. Mbps
B. Mbps
C. Mbps
D. Mbps
Correct Answer: Mbps
Explanation:
Each frame bits, sent times/s: bps Mbps. The Mbps figure ignores the framing bit.
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46In ADSL, why is the upstream rate typically far lower than the downstream rate on the same copper pair?
Using Digital Data Connections
Hard
A.The frequency spectrum is asymmetrically divided, allocating more subcarriers/bandwidth to downstream
B.Telephone switches drop every other upstream packet
C.Upstream data must be encrypted, halving its throughput
D.The copper pair physically supports only one direction at full speed
Correct Answer: The frequency spectrum is asymmetrically divided, allocating more subcarriers/bandwidth to downstream
Explanation:
ADSL (Asymmetric DSL) uses frequency-division multiplexing and deliberately assigns a larger block of subcarriers to downstream, matching typical user demand (more download than upload).
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47Two Wi-Fi stations cannot hear each other but both can reach the same access point, causing collisions at the AP. Which mechanism specifically addresses this hidden node problem?
Wireless networks
Hard
A.Carrier sensing (CSMA/CD)
B.Frequency hopping among channels
C.RTS/CTS handshaking
D.Increasing the beacon interval
Correct Answer: RTS/CTS handshaking
Explanation:
The hidden node problem defeats plain carrier sensing because the stations can't detect each other. RTS/CTS reserves the medium via the AP: the CTS is heard by all stations in range of the AP, suppressing transmissions during the reserved period.
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48Why does IEEE 802.11 use CSMA/CA rather than CSMA/CD (as in wired Ethernet)?
Wireless networks
Hard
A.Radio signals never collide because they use different frequencies
B.A wireless node generally cannot transmit and reliably detect collisions simultaneously due to the huge gap between sent and received signal power
C.Collision detection is patented and unavailable for wireless
D.Wireless frames are too short for collisions to occur
Correct Answer: A wireless node generally cannot transmit and reliably detect collisions simultaneously due to the huge gap between sent and received signal power
Explanation:
In radio, the transmitting node's own signal overwhelms any incoming signal, so collision detection is impractical. 802.11 therefore avoids collisions in advance (CA) using backoff and acknowledgments.
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49A signal is sampled at exactly the Nyquist rate but the reconstruction shows a lower-frequency signal that wasn't in the original. What most likely occurred?
Digital and Analog Transmission
Hard
A.Aliasing due to frequency components at or above half the sampling rate
B.Loss of the framing bit during transmission
C.Quantization overflow in the DAC
D.Excessive companding on the codec
Correct Answer: Aliasing due to frequency components at or above half the sampling rate
Explanation:
Sampling must exceed twice the highest frequency (). Components at or above fold back as lower-frequency artifacts (aliases). Anti-alias filtering before sampling prevents this.
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50Ordering networks by increasing typical geographic scope, which sequence is correct?
Local and Global reach of the network
Hard
A.PAN LAN MAN WAN
B.LAN PAN WAN MAN
C.PAN MAN LAN WAN
D.MAN LAN PAN WAN
Correct Answer: PAN LAN MAN WAN
Explanation:
Scope grows from Personal Area Network (a few meters), to Local Area Network (building/campus), to Metropolitan Area Network (city), to Wide Area Network (country/global).
Incorrect! Try again.
51A file of MB is sent across a link with bandwidth Mbps and a one-way propagation delay of ms. Ignoring processing/queuing, the approximate time from start of transmission to full receipt is:
Local and Global reach of the network
Hard
A. s
B. s
C. s
D. s
Correct Answer: s
Explanation:
Transmission time s. Adding one propagation delay for the last bit to arrive: s; using Mbit gives – s. Closest is s.
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52A cellular provider reuses the same frequency in cells that are geographically separated. What is the primary limiting factor on how small the reuse distance can be?
Wireless networks
Hard
A.The battery capacity of mobile devices
B.Co-channel interference between cells sharing the same frequency
C.The maximum data rate of each handset
D.The number of available IP addresses
Correct Answer: Co-channel interference between cells sharing the same frequency
Explanation:
Frequency reuse increases capacity, but cells using identical frequencies must be far enough apart that co-channel interference stays below acceptable thresholds, defined by the signal-to-interference ratio.
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53A modem's connection negotiates down from kbps to kbps on a noisy line. Which combined explanation best fits modem adaptive behavior?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Hard
A.The modem switches from digital to analog transmission entirely
B.The reduced SNR lowers the achievable bits-per-symbol, so the modem falls back to a more robust, lower-rate modulation
C.Fewer copper pairs become available at higher noise
D.The telephone company physically shortens the loop
Correct Answer: The reduced SNR lowers the achievable bits-per-symbol, so the modem falls back to a more robust, lower-rate modulation
Explanation:
Modems adapt to line conditions. Higher noise reduces the usable signal-to-noise ratio, shrinking the number of distinguishable signal levels, so the modem selects a lower-order, more error-resistant modulation and rate.
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54An ISDN Basic Rate Interface (BRI) provides 2B+D channels ( kbps bearer kbps signaling). If both B channels are bonded for data, the usable data throughput is:
Using Digital Data Connections
Hard
A. kbps
B. kbps
C. kbps
D. kbps
Correct Answer: kbps
Explanation:
Bonding the two kbps bearer (B) channels yields kbps of data. The kbps D channel handles signaling, not user data, so it isn't counted (the kbps figure includes it).
Incorrect! Try again.
55In PCM digitization of a voice signal band-limited to kHz using -bit quantization, what is the resulting bit rate, and which parameter most directly controls quantization noise?
Digital and Analog Transmission
Hard
A. kbps; the sampling rate
B. kbps; the number of quantization bits per sample
C. kbps; the sampling rate
D. kbps; the number of quantization bits per sample
Correct Answer: kbps; the number of quantization bits per sample
Explanation:
Sample rate /s; bit rate kbps. Quantization noise depends on the number of bits per sample (level resolution), improving roughly dB per added bit.
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56Compared to infrared, why do radio-frequency wireless technologies like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi dominate indoor networking?
Wireless networks
Hard
A.RF consumes no power while infrared is very power-hungry
B.Infrared cannot carry digital data at all
C.RF penetrates obstacles and does not require line of sight, unlike infrared
D.Infrared has higher data rates but is legally banned indoors
Correct Answer: RF penetrates obstacles and does not require line of sight, unlike infrared
Explanation:
Infrared needs a clear line of sight and is blocked by walls/objects. Radio waves diffract around and pass through many obstacles, making RF far more practical for general indoor connectivity.
Incorrect! Try again.
57A geostationary satellite link has a one-way propagation delay of about ms. For an interactive request-response (round trip) application, the minimum inherent latency contributed by propagation alone is approximately:
Local and Global reach of the network
Hard
A. ms
B. ms
C. ms
D. ms
Correct Answer: ms
Explanation:
A round trip covers the up-and-down path twice: request up-down ( ms) plus response up-down ( ms) ms, which is why GEO satellite links feel sluggish for interactive use.
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58Why can DSL and voice telephone service coexist on the same copper pair simultaneously, while a traditional dial-up modem cannot share the line with a phone call?
Using Digital Data Connections
Hard
A.Dial-up requires two separate copper pairs
B.DSL uses fiber for data and copper only for voice
C.DSL operates in higher frequency bands separate from the – kHz voice band, whereas dial-up modulates within the voice band itself
D.DSL compresses voice so it fits alongside data
Correct Answer: DSL operates in higher frequency bands separate from the – kHz voice band, whereas dial-up modulates within the voice band itself
Explanation:
DSL places data on frequencies above the voice band and uses splitters/filters to separate them, so a call and data run together. Dial-up modems encode data within the same voice band, so they occupy the line the phone would use.
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59A modem uses 8-PSK (8 phase states) at a symbol rate of baud. What is its raw bit rate, and what happens if it upgrades to 64-QAM at the same baud rate?
Data communication with standard telephone lines and Modems
Hard
60A long-distance link carries a signal that attenuates over distance. Which statement best contrasts how repeaters vs. amplifiers affect digital and analog transmission quality?
Digital and Analog Transmission
Hard
A.Digital repeaters amplify noise more than analog amplifiers do
B.An analog amplifier regenerates the original bit stream exactly
C.Both fully remove noise regardless of digital or analog signals
D.A digital repeater regenerates clean bits and discards accumulated noise, while an analog amplifier boosts signal and noise together
Correct Answer: A digital repeater regenerates clean bits and discards accumulated noise, while an analog amplifier boosts signal and noise together
Explanation:
Because digital signals have discrete levels, a repeater can decide the intended bit and retransmit a fresh signal, dropping accumulated noise. An analog amplifier cannot distinguish signal from noise, so it amplifies both, degrading quality over successive stages.
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