Unit 6: Legal provisions related to crime-II - Practice Quiz

FSC102 — Crime Scene Investigation 60 Questions
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1 In which year was the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) enacted?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Easy
A. 2019
B. 2020
C. 2023
D. 1973

2 The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 replaces which of the following older laws?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Easy
A. Indian Contract Act, 1872
B. Indian Penal Code, 1860
C. Indian Evidence Act, 1872
D. Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), 1973

3 Under BNSS 2023, forensic investigation is made mandatory for offences punishable with imprisonment of how many years or more?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Easy
A. 7 years or more
B. 10 years or more
C. 3 years or more
D. 1 year or more

4 Which technology does BNSS 2023 promote for recording search, seizure, and crime scene proceedings?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Easy
A. Photographic film cameras only
B. Telegraph communication
C. Handwritten registers only
D. Audio-video electronic recording

5 A key difference introduced by BNSS 2023 compared to CrPC 1973 is the emphasis on which of the following?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Easy
A. Removal of the police force
B. Abolition of all courts
C. Eliminating written statements entirely
D. Mandatory use of forensic evidence and technology

6 The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) 2023 deals primarily with which aspect of law?

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Easy
A. Tax collection
B. Property registration
C. Rules of evidence
D. Traffic regulations

7 The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 replaces which of the following laws?

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Easy
A. Indian Penal Code, 1860
B. Indian Evidence Act, 1872
C. Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973
D. Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023

8 Under BSA 2023, electronic and digital records are given what status?

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Easy
A. They are completely inadmissible
B. They are admissible as documentary evidence
C. They require no verification at all
D. They can only be used as oral evidence

9 What does BNSS 2023 require forensic experts to do at crime scenes of serious offences?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Easy
A. Only file the FIR
B. Arrest the accused directly
C. Only interview witnesses
D. Collect forensic evidence and record the process

10 Compared to CrPC 1973, BNSS 2023 introduces stricter timelines for which activity?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Easy
A. Issuing passports
B. Payment of court fees
C. Registration of vehicles
D. Completion of investigation and trials

11 In the year 1872, which law relating to evidence was originally enacted before being replaced by BSA 2023?

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Easy
A. Code of Criminal Procedure
B. Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita
C. Indian Evidence Act
D. Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita

12 Which type of expert opinion is recognized as relevant evidence under BSA 2023?

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Easy
A. Opinion of the accused only
B. Opinion of forensic and scientific experts
C. Opinion of the police officer alone
D. Opinion of any random bystander

13 BNSS 2023 encourages the use of Forensic Science Laboratories (FSLs) primarily to improve what?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Easy
A. Speed of tax refunds
B. Quality and reliability of criminal investigations
C. Number of new roads built
D. Distribution of ration cards

14 Which of the following is a major modernization feature of BNSS 2023 not emphasized in CrPC 1973?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Easy
A. Use of horse-drawn carriages
B. Digital and electronic processes in investigation
C. Abolition of forensic labs
D. Ban on written records

15 Under BSA 2023, evidence is broadly divided into which two main categories?

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Easy
A. Oral evidence and documentary evidence
B. True evidence and false evidence
C. Old evidence and new evidence
D. Written evidence and spoken lies

16 A key improvement of BSA 2023 over the Indian Evidence Act 1872 is the clearer treatment of what kind of evidence?

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Easy
A. Only verbal gossip
B. Evidence that cannot be verified
C. Electronic and digital evidence
D. Ancient handwritten scrolls

17 What is the main purpose of mandating forensic visits under BNSS 2023?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Easy
A. To reduce the number of judges
B. To strengthen scientific evidence collection
C. To eliminate witness testimony
D. To increase court holidays

18 Which of these statements about BNSS 2023 and CrPC 1973 is correct?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Easy
A. CrPC 1973 replaced BNSS 2023
B. BNSS 2023 deals only with civil disputes
C. BNSS 2023 is the newer law that replaced CrPC 1973
D. Both are the same law with different names in the same year

19 Which document is commonly required when forensic or expert evidence is submitted in court under BSA 2023?

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Easy
A. A travel ticket
B. A birthday card
C. An expert report/certificate
D. A shopping receipt

20 The three new criminal laws of 2023 include BNS, BNSS, and which one related to evidence?

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Easy
A. Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam
B. Indian Evidence Act
C. Code of Criminal Procedure
D. Indian Penal Code

21 Under BNSS 2023, Section 176(3), forensic investigation and collection of evidence by a forensic expert at the crime scene is made mandatory for offences punishable with imprisonment of:

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Medium
A. 7 years or more
B. 10 years or more
C. 3 years or more
D. 5 years or more

22 A police officer conducts a search of a suspect's premises. Under BNSS 2023, which requirement now applies to the search and seizure process to strengthen evidentiary value?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Medium
A. Photographic record submitted to court within a year
B. Written summary submitted after 30 days
C. Audio-video recording of the search and seizure, preferably on a mobile phone
D. Verbal confirmation by two witnesses only

23 Under BNSS 2023, Section 349, a Magistrate is empowered to order a person to give specimen signatures, handwriting, finger impressions, or voice samples. What is the notable change regarding who can be ordered?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Medium
A. Samples require the consent of the accused
B. Samples can only be ordered from convicted persons
C. Samples can only be taken after trial begins
D. Samples can be ordered even from a person who has not been arrested

24 For offences involving forensic examination, BNSS 2023 emphasises the use of forensic facilities. To meet the mandatory forensic requirement, States lacking facilities are expected to:

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Medium
A. Send evidence abroad for analysis
B. Wait until a local facility is built
C. Skip forensic collection for such offences
D. Utilise the forensic facility of another State

25 Under BNSS 2023, the report of a government forensic/scientific expert (formerly CrPC Section 293) can be used as evidence. Which section of BNSS deals with such expert reports?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Medium
A. Section 329
B. Section 293
C. Section 176
D. Section 45

26 In a medical examination of a rape victim under BNSS 2023, the registered medical practitioner must forward the report to the investigating officer within what time frame?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Medium
A. 24 hours
B. 48 hours
C. 7 days
D. 30 days

27 A key difference between BNSS 2023 and CrPC 1973 regarding crime scene forensics is that BNSS:

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Medium
A. Makes forensic expert visits mandatory for serious offences, which CrPC did not require
B. Removes the need for forensic experts entirely
C. Only applies forensic rules to economic offences
D. Keeps forensic collection purely optional as before

28 Regarding the recording of search and seizure, how does BNSS 2023 differ from CrPC 1973?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Medium
A. CrPC mandated video recording but BNSS removed it
B. Neither addresses recording of searches
C. BNSS mandates audio-video recording, whereas CrPC had no such requirement
D. Both mandate audio-video recording identically

29 Under CrPC 1973, Section 311A allowed a Magistrate to order specimen signatures or handwriting. How does the corresponding BNSS provision (Section 349) expand this power?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Medium
A. It requires the High Court's approval each time
B. It adds finger impressions and voice samples to the samples that can be ordered
C. It removes the Magistrate's power entirely
D. It restricts sampling to handwriting only

30 A significant procedural addition in BNSS 2023 not present in CrPC 1973 is the provision for:

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Medium
A. FIR being filed only by the victim
B. Abolition of the FIR system
C. Filing an FIR through electronic means (e-FIR) and Zero FIR being codified
D. Mandatory in-person FIR only

31 How does BNSS 2023 change the timeline for completing investigation compared to the general approach under CrPC 1973 for certain offences?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Medium
A. It sets specific time limits, e.g., completing investigation in rape cases within 2 months
B. It removes all investigation timelines
C. It doubles the earlier timelines
D. It leaves timelines entirely to police discretion

32 Which statement correctly describes the numbering relationship between CrPC 1973 and BNSS 2023?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Medium
A. BNSS re-numbers sections, so equivalent provisions often carry different section numbers
B. BNSS uses only Roman numerals for sections
C. BNSS retains the exact same section numbers as CrPC
D. BNSS has no section numbering at all

33 Under BSA 2023, the opinion of an expert in a relevant field (such as forensic science, handwriting, or fingerprints) is dealt with primarily under which section?

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Medium
A. Section 65B
B. Section 293
C. Section 45
D. Section 39

34 The BSA 2023 treats electronic and digital records as which type of evidence?

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Medium
A. Inadmissible unless printed
B. Only oral evidence
C. Circumstantial evidence only
D. Primary/documentary evidence, giving them the same legal status as documents

35 Admissibility of electronic records, along with the requirement of a certificate, is provided under which section of BSA 2023?

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Medium
A. Section 65B
B. Section 39
C. Section 63
D. Section 45A

36 Under BSA 2023, the opinion of the Examiner of Electronic Evidence is made relevant and admissible. This reflects the provision found under:

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Medium
A. Section 39(2)
B. Section 45 of IEA unchanged
C. Section 176 of BNSS
D. Section 63 only

37 When a certificate accompanying an electronic record is required under BSA 2023, who among the following is appropriate to sign it?

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Medium
A. Only the trial judge
B. A person in charge of the device and an expert (Examiner of Electronic Evidence)
C. The accused person
D. Any bystander witness

38 The provision for expert opinion under Indian Evidence Act Section 45 corresponds to which section under BSA 2023?

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Medium
A. Section 65B
B. Section 63
C. Section 45
D. Section 39

39 A major forensic-relevant change in BSA 2023 compared to the IEA 1872 concerning electronic evidence is that BSA:

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Medium
A. Grants electronic records the status of primary documentary evidence with expanded admissibility
B. Removes electronic records from being evidence
C. Treats electronic records only as oral testimony
D. Requires electronic records to be printed to be valid

40 IEA Section 65B (admissibility of electronic records) maps to which BSA 2023 section, and what is a notable difference?

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Medium
A. Section 45A, unchanged in every way
B. Section 39, with no certificate needed
C. Section 176, now dealing with FIRs
D. Section 63, with a strengthened certificate requirement including expert involvement

41 Under BNSS 2023, mandatory forensic investigation (visit of a forensic expert to the crime scene and collection of forensic evidence) is triggered for offences punishable with imprisonment of:

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Hard
A. 3 years or more
B. 10 years or more
C. 5 years or more
D. 7 years or more

42 A Magistrate under Section 349 BNSS orders a person who has not been arrested to furnish voice samples. Which statement about this power is correct?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Hard
A. It is invalid, as voice samples are not mentioned in the section
B. It is invalid, as samples can only be taken from arrested persons
C. It is valid only if the person consents in writing
D. It is valid, as Section 349 expressly permits ordering specimens including voice samples even from persons not arrested

43 Which of the following was NOT expressly provided for in CrPC 1973 but is expressly incorporated in BNSS 2023?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Hard
A. Medical examination of an arrested accused
B. Voice sample collection by order of a Magistrate
C. Examination of the victim of rape by a medical practitioner
D. Report of a government scientific expert being admissible without examination

44 Section 105 BNSS introduces a forensic safeguard absent in CrPC 1973. It mandates:

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Hard
A. Compulsory polygraph testing of accused
B. Digital signing of all case diaries
C. Audio-video recording of the process of search and seizure
D. DNA profiling of every arrested person

45 Under BSA 2023, the admissibility of electronic records as documentary evidence is governed principally by:

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Hard
A. Section 65B
B. Section 63
C. Section 293
D. Section 45A

46 The provision on the opinion of an 'Examiner of Electronic Evidence' which was Section 45A in the Indian Evidence Act is located in the BSA 2023 under:

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Hard
A. Section 79A
B. Section 39(2)
C. Section 63(4)
D. Section 45(2)

47 Under BSA 2023, the certificate accompanying electronic records under Section 63 must be signed by:

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Hard
A. Only the person in charge of the device
B. The person in charge of the computer/communication device and an expert
C. A judicial magistrate
D. The investigating officer alone

48 How does BSA 2023 treat electronic records in relation to the definition of 'document' compared with the IEA?

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Hard
A. Electronic records are treated only as oral evidence
B. Electronic records are treated only as secondary evidence and never as documents
C. Electronic records are excluded from the definition of 'document'
D. Electronic and digital records are expressly included within the definition of 'document'

49 A State lacks its own Forensic Science Laboratory to comply with mandatory forensic investigation under BNSS Section 176(3). What does the law envisage as the transitional solution?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Hard
A. The State may utilise the facility of a Forensic Science Laboratory of another State
B. The offence is downgraded so forensic investigation is not required
C. The requirement is waived until the State builds a laboratory
D. Private laboratories automatically acquire statutory status

50 Regarding time-bound submission of a medical examination report of a rape victim, BNSS differs from CrPC in that it:

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Hard
A. Requires the report to be forwarded within seven days
B. Requires submission within 24 hours only
C. Requires submission within 30 days only
D. Removes any time limit for submission

51 An investigator submits a digitally stored CCTV clip without the Section 63 certificate. Under BSA 2023 the most accurate consequence is:

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Hard
A. The electronic record is inadmissible as secondary evidence unless the mandatory certificate conditions are met
B. It is admissible as oral evidence of the operator
C. It becomes admissible if merely produced in original hard disk
D. It is automatically admissible as primary evidence

52 Which correctly maps the expert-opinion provision between the two statutes?

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Hard
A. IEA Section 45 corresponds to BSA Section 63
B. IEA Section 45 corresponds to BSA Section 39
C. IEA Section 45 corresponds to BSA Section 79
D. IEA Section 45 corresponds to BSA Section 27

53 Under BNSS, the report of a Government scientific expert (such as a chemical examiner or DNA analyst) can be used as evidence in an inquiry, trial or proceeding. Which is correct about the expert's personal attendance?

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Hard
A. The report can never be admitted without the expert's oral testimony
B. Personal attendance of the named expert is always mandatory
C. Only the head of the laboratory can ever depose
D. The court may summon the expert to be examined, but a subordinate who conducted the analysis may depose on the expert's behalf

54 Which new investigative-forensic feature in BNSS most directly aims to reduce tampering allegations in seizure of physical evidence, compared with CrPC 1973?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Hard
A. Automatic bail for forensic delay
B. Mandatory audio-video recording of search and seizure
C. Mandatory second post-mortem in all cases
D. Compulsory narco-analysis of suspects

55 In BSA 2023, primary evidence of an electronic record stored in multiple files or produced simultaneously is addressed by provisions clarifying that:

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Hard
A. All copies are secondary evidence regardless of origin
B. Each such file/output is treated as primary evidence
C. Only the first file created is primary evidence
D. Electronic records cannot be primary evidence

56 A key structural change of BSA 2023 over the IEA regarding scientific/forensic proof is that it:

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Hard
A. Places electronic and digital records on par with documentary evidence and expands admissibility conditions
B. Abolishes expert opinion evidence entirely
C. Removes electronic records from admissible evidence
D. Bars all secondary evidence of documents

57 Under BNSS, when an accused is examined and a medical practitioner finds material relevant to forensic analysis, the report must include the:

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 laws related to forensic science Hard
A. Only the practitioner's registration number
B. Only the final opinion without reasoning
C. Precise reasons for each conclusion arrived at
D. Only a list of samples without findings

58 Which statement about the scope of specimen collection best captures the change from CrPC 1973 to BNSS 2023?

Comparison of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 to CrPC 1973 Hard
A. BNSS restricts specimen collection to only signatures
B. BNSS expands specimen collection to include finger impressions, handwriting, signatures and voice samples
C. BNSS abolishes the Magistrate's power to order specimens
D. BNSS retains exactly the same categories as CrPC without change

59 For an electronic record to be admitted under BSA 2023, the certificate must, among other things, identify:

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 laws related to forensic science Hard
A. Only the date of the crime
B. The judge who will hear the case
C. The electronic record and the manner of its production, and particulars of the device involved
D. Only the name of the accused

60 A defence counsel argues that under BSA 2023 the certificate for electronic evidence is weaker than under IEA Section 65B. The most accurate rebuttal is:

Comparison of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 to IEA Hard
A. BSA removes the certificate requirement altogether
B. BSA actually strengthens it by additionally requiring an expert's signature on the certificate
C. BSA replaces the certificate with an oral statement only
D. BSA makes the certificate optional at the court's discretion