Unit 5: Production Technology of Palm Crops - Practice Quiz

HRT208 — Production Technology Of Fruit And Plantation Crops 60 Questions
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1 What is the botanical name of coconut?

Coconut Easy
A. Cocos nucifera
B. Areca catechu
C. Borassus flabellifer
D. Elaeis guineensis

2 Which type of fruit is the coconut?

Coconut Easy
A. Capsule
B. Drupe
C. Berry
D. Legume

3 What is the commonly used planting material for coconut?

Coconut Easy
A. Seed nuts
B. Stem cuttings
C. Grafted branches maintained in a protected nursery
D. Root suckers

4 What is the edible white tissue inside a mature coconut called?

Coconut Easy
A. Kernel
B. Spathe
C. Shell
D. Husk

5 Which product is obtained by drying the coconut kernel?

Coconut Easy
A. Toddy
B. Copra
C. Coir
D. Jaggery

6 What is the botanical name of arecanut?

Arecanut Easy
A. Cocos nucifera
B. Elaeis oleifera
C. Areca catechu
D. Phoenix dactylifera

7 Which part of the arecanut fruit is primarily used as the commercial product?

Arecanut Easy
A. Root
B. Husk
C. Leaf
D. Seed

8 Which climatic condition is generally suitable for arecanut cultivation?

Arecanut Easy
A. Hot and extremely dry desert climate with little rainfall
B. Warm and humid climate
C. Cold and snowy climate
D. Cool and arid climate

9 How is arecanut commonly propagated?

Arecanut Easy
A. By stem cuttings
B. By runners
C. By bulbs
D. By seeds

10 Which disease of arecanut is also commonly called fruit rot?

Arecanut Easy
A. Koleroga
B. Powdery mildew
C. Panama wilt
D. Citrus canker

11 What is the botanical name of the African oil palm?

Oil palm Easy
A. Cocos nucifera
B. Borassus flabellifer
C. Areca catechu
D. Elaeis guineensis

12 Palm oil is mainly extracted from which part of the oil palm fruit?

Oil palm Easy
A. Leaf sheath
B. Fruit stalk
C. Seed coat
D. Mesocarp

13 Which oil is extracted from the kernel of the oil palm fruit?

Oil palm Easy
A. Groundnut oil produced after roasting and pressing the kernels
B. Coconut oil
C. Palm kernel oil
D. Mustard oil

14 Oil palm fruits are commercially harvested in the form of what?

Oil palm Easy
A. Single dry seeds
B. Bare flower stalks
C. Fresh fruit bunches
D. Detached young leaves

15 What is a common visible sign that an oil palm fruit bunch is ready for harvest?

Oil palm Easy
A. All leaves become completely dry
B. The trunk changes from green to white
C. A few ripe fruits detach naturally
D. Every fruit in the bunch becomes hard and moisture-free

16 What is the botanical name of palmyrah?

Palmyrah Easy
A. Borassus flabellifer
B. Elaeis guineensis
C. Phoenix canariensis
D. Areca catechu

17 What does it mean when palmyrah is described as dioecious?

Palmyrah Easy
A. Only female flowers occur throughout the year
B. Male and female flowers occur on separate palms
C. Male and female flowers occur in the same flower
D. Flowers develop underground before emerging above the soil

18 Which sweet product is commonly prepared by concentrating palmyrah sap?

Palmyrah Easy
A. Copra
B. Coir
C. Jaggery
D. Palm kernel oil

19 How is palmyrah commonly propagated?

Palmyrah Easy
A. By tuber pieces
B. By leaf cuttings
C. By grafting mature branches onto dwarf rootstocks
D. By seeds

20 Which feature makes palmyrah suitable for cultivation in relatively dry regions?

Palmyrah Easy
A. Dependence on continuous shade
B. Requirement for frequent frost
C. Drought tolerance
D. Need for standing water

21 Coconut palms are planted at m. Approximately how many additional palms can be accommodated per hectare by triangular planting rather than square planting?

Coconut Medium
A. 56 palms
B. 28 palms
C. 42 palms
D. 14 palms

22 A farmer applies fertilizer close to the trunk of mature coconut palms, but the response is poor. Which modification is most appropriate?

Coconut Medium
A. Apply it in the active root-zone basin
B. Place it inside the leaf axils
C. Bury it directly beside the trunk
D. Broadcast it beyond the palm canopy

23 A coconut plantation suffers prolonged drought, and several palms show temporary wilting. What should the farmer do before applying a large fertilizer dose?

Coconut Medium
A. Remove all unopened leaves
B. Deep-plough around each trunk
C. Restore soil moisture gradually
D. Harvest every immature nut

24 Which nursery seedling is most suitable for establishing a productive coconut plantation?

Coconut Medium
A. An early-germinating seedling with a stout collar
B. A late-germinating seedling with pale leaves
C. A tall seedling with a narrow collar
D. A weak seedling with an elongated stem

25 An adult coconut garden has moderate shade and considerable unused space below the canopy. Which crop is generally better suited to this condition than a light-demanding field crop?

Coconut Medium
A. Sorghum
B. Sunflower
C. Cocoa
D. Pearl millet

26 An arecanut garden is planted at m under square planting. Approximately how many palms are expected in ha?

Arecanut Medium
A. 574 palms
B. 772 palms
C. 686 palms
D. 486 palms

27 An arecanut garden on heavy soil shows yellowing and root decay after monsoon rains. Which intervention should receive first priority?

Arecanut Medium
A. Adding permanent overhead shade
B. Improving field drainage
C. Deepening the planting basin
D. Increasing irrigation frequency

28 Young arecanut seedlings develop scorched leaves during hot summer afternoons. Which management practice is most appropriate?

Arecanut Medium
A. Provide temporary shade and mulch
B. Expose the seedlings to full sunlight
C. Apply concentrated fertilizer solution
D. Remove the lower green leaves

29 A farmer wants to use both the vertical space and shaded ground layer in a mature arecanut garden. Which intercrop combination is most suitable?

Arecanut Medium
A. Groundnut and sesame
B. Black pepper and cocoa
C. Sorghum and pearl millet
D. Cotton and sunflower

30 In an arecanut garden on sloping land, fertilizer is being lost with runoff. Which change would best improve nutrient-use efficiency?

Arecanut Medium
A. Broadcast fertilizer over the entire slope
B. Apply fertilizer before heavy rain
C. Place fertilizer along the downslope edge
D. Apply fertilizer in contour-aligned basins

31 Oil palms are planted at 9 m spacing in an equilateral triangular system. Using an area per palm of , what is the approximate population per hectare?

Oil palm Medium
A. 143 palms
B. 163 palms
C. 183 palms
D. 123 palms

32 A breeder crosses thick-shelled dura palms with shell-less pisifera palms. Which commercial fruit type is expected in the progeny?

Oil palm Medium
A. Macrocarya with a thick shell
B. Tenera with a thin shell
C. Pisifera without a shell
D. Dura with a thick shell

33 A harvester must decide whether an oil palm bunch has reached harvest maturity. Which field indicator is the most reliable?

Oil palm Medium
A. The oldest frond has touched the soil
B. Several ripe fruits have detached naturally
C. The male inflorescences have dried fully
D. All fruits have turned completely black

34 An oil palm block has abundant flowering but poor fruit set because natural pollinator activity is low. Which intervention directly addresses the problem?

Oil palm Medium
A. Remove all male inflorescences
B. Introduce effective pollinating weevils
C. Increase the potassium fertilizer dose
D. Prune every frond below the bunch

35 Fresh fruit bunches are harvested at the correct stage but remain in the field for several days before processing. What is the most likely consequence?

Oil palm Medium
A. Increased shell thickness in fruits
B. Reduced free fatty acid formation
C. Improved long-term fruit storage
D. Increased free fatty acid content

36 A palmyrah orchard uses square planting at m. If 8% of the planting area is occupied by roads and channels, approximately how many palms can be planted per hectare?

Palmyrah Medium
A. 92 palms
B. 102 palms
C. 82 palms
D. 112 palms

37 Palmyrah seedlings are expected to produce males and females in approximately equal proportions. How many seedlings should be raised to obtain about 90 female palms?

Palmyrah Medium
A. 90 seedlings
B. 135 seedlings
C. 180 seedlings
D. 270 seedlings

38 Why is direct sowing at the permanent site often preferred for palmyrah establishment?

Palmyrah Medium
A. It reduces damage to the developing root
B. It prevents formation of male palms
C. It eliminates the need for field irrigation
D. It guarantees flowering in the first year

39 Freshly collected palmyrah sap ferments rapidly before it reaches the processing unit. Which practice is most effective for preserving it as a non-fermented beverage?

Palmyrah Medium
A. Expose it to sunlight in open containers
B. Store it overnight at ambient temperature
C. Mix it with mature fruit pulp immediately
D. Collect it in clean vessels and cool it quickly

40 A producer wants to market the soft, translucent edible kernels commonly called ice apple or nungu. At which stage should the fruits be harvested?

Palmyrah Medium
A. After complete fruit drying
B. At the tender fruit stage
C. After natural seed germination
D. Before pollination of the flowers

41 A coconut plantation is established at m spacing. Ignoring border losses, how does a triangular system compare with a square system in plant population per hectare?

Coconut Hard
A. About palms, which is more than the square system
B. About palms, which is less than the square system
C. About palms, which is more than the square system
D. About palms, which is more than the square system

42 A farmer wants the precocity and yield advantage of a Tall × Dwarf coconut hybrid. Which planting-material strategy best preserves the intended hybrid performance?

Coconut Hard
A. Purchase certified seedlings produced from the prescribed parental cross
B. Multiply seedlings from nuts borne by the earliest hybrid palms
C. Mix open-pollinated Tall and Dwarf seedlings in equal proportions
D. Raise seedlings from open-pollinated nuts collected from commercial hybrids

43 The annual recommendation for an adult coconut palm is g N, g , and g . Approximately how much urea ( N), single superphosphate ( ), and muriate of potash ( ) are required per palm?

Coconut Hard
A. kg urea, kg SSP, and kg MOP
B. kg urea, kg SSP, and kg MOP
C. kg urea, kg SSP, and kg MOP
D. kg urea, kg SSP, and kg MOP

44 In a root-wilt-affected coconut tract, several palms show mild symptoms but still bear economically useful crops. Which production strategy is most appropriate?

Coconut Hard
A. Retain productive palms, improve nutrition and drainage, and remove uneconomic palms
B. Remove every symptomatic palm immediately and leave the sites permanently vacant
C. Apply repeated fungicide drenches because the disease is readily curable
D. Withhold fertilizers from affected palms to suppress further symptom development

45 A low-lying coconut field receives intense monsoon rainfall and retains water around the collar for several days. Which intervention most directly addresses the principal establishment risk?

Coconut Hard
A. Deepen planting pits and compact soil around the collar
B. Increase planting depth and retain runoff within each basin
C. Apply additional nitrogen before improving field drainage
D. Provide field drains and establish seedlings on raised mounds

46 Arecanut is planted at m in a square system. If drains and paths occupy of a one-hectare field, what is the closest effective plant population?

Arecanut Hard
A. Approximately palms
B. Approximately palms
C. Approximately palms
D. Approximately palms

47 An arecanut recommendation supplies g N, g , and g per palm annually. Which combination most closely supplies these nutrients using urea ( N), SSP ( ), and MOP ( )?

Arecanut Hard
A. g urea, g SSP, and g MOP
B. g urea, g SSP, and g MOP
C. g urea, g SSP, and g MOP
D. g urea, g SSP, and g MOP

48 A young arecanut garden uses banana as temporary shade. As the palms establish, the stand becomes excessively humid and spindle growth weakens. What is the best adjustment?

Arecanut Hard
A. Retain dense shade permanently to prevent any direct light interception
B. Increase shade density further and compensate with additional nitrogen
C. Thin the temporary shade gradually while retaining protection from abrupt exposure
D. Remove all shade plants at once to maximize immediate solar radiation

49 A plantation with a history of arecanut fruit rot experiences prolonged monsoon wetness. Which preventive programme best targets the epidemiology of the disease?

Arecanut Hard
A. Apply a systemic insecticide only after most nuts begin dropping from bunches
B. Apply nitrogen to bunches during rainfall to accelerate pericarp development
C. Delay all treatments until the monsoon ends and infected bunches become dry
D. Spray Bordeaux mixture before monsoon infection and repeat during persistent wet weather

50 Which seed-nut collection plan offers the strongest basis for establishing a consistently productive arecanut plantation?

Arecanut Hard
A. Collect the largest immature nuts from any palm carrying a heavy current crop
B. Collect fully ripe nuts from regular-bearing, high-yielding selected mother palms
C. Collect ripe nuts only from the youngest palms showing the greatest height
D. Collect fallen nuts from mixed palms without recording their bearing history

51 Oil-palm shell thickness is controlled by the major shell locus, where dura is , pisifera is , and tenera is . What progeny is expected from a true dura × true pisifera cross?

Oil palm Hard
A. dura and tenera progeny
B. tenera progeny
C. tenera and pisifera progeny
D. dura, tenera, and pisifera progeny

52 Oil palm is planted at m in an equilateral triangular arrangement. Ignoring boundary effects, what is the closest population per hectare?

Oil palm Hard
A. palms per hectare
B. palms per hectare
C. palms per hectare
D. palms per hectare

53 A juvenile oil-palm block is being managed by ablation. Which transition best balances vegetative establishment with the start of commercial production?

Oil palm Hard
A. Continue removing all inflorescences until the palms attain maximum trunk height
B. Stop ablation but prevent pollination until the first bunches change colour
C. Remove only male inflorescences and retain every female inflorescence from planting
D. Remove early inflorescences, then stop ablation early enough for normal bunch development

54 An oil-palm estate harvests t of fresh fruit bunches per hectare. Potential crude palm-oil extraction is , but processing losses equal of the potential oil. What is the realized oil yield?

Oil palm Hard
A. t/ha
B. t/ha
C. t/ha
D. t/ha

55 During harvest, one oil-palm bunch has attained the expected external colour but has no naturally detached fruits, whereas another has several fresh loose fruits beneath it. Which decision best protects oil quantity and quality?

Oil palm Hard
A. Leave both bunches until extensive detachment occurs throughout the bunch surface
B. Harvest the bunch showing natural fruit detachment and reassess the other later
C. Harvest the coloured bunch first because colour alone confirms maximum ripeness
D. Harvest both bunches because fruit detachment is unrelated to physiological ripeness

56 A palmyrah improvement programme needs a predominantly female fruit orchard, but seedlings cannot be sexed reliably by ordinary juvenile morphology. Which strategy most directly reduces land wasted on unwanted males?

Palmyrah Hard
A. Apply additional potassium because high nutrition converts seedlings to females
B. Sow only seeds from female palms because all such progeny become female
C. Select the tallest seedlings because juvenile vigour reliably indicates females
D. Raise excess seedlings and use a validated early sex-diagnostic marker

57 Why is direct sowing or very careful early transplanting generally preferable for palmyrah compared with retaining seedlings in a nursery for an extended period?

Palmyrah Hard
A. Its seed coat hardens after germination and mechanically prevents leaf emergence
B. Its seedlings form aerial roots that must remain continuously submerged in water
C. Its specialized germination produces a deep-seated seedling axis that is easily damaged
D. Its exposed cotyledons become photosynthetic and cannot tolerate field sunlight

58 A farmer wants both sweet sap and tender fruits from female palmyrah palms. Which management principle correctly recognizes the biological trade-off?

Palmyrah Hard
A. Tap only after fruit maturity because an inflorescence produces sap only after fruiting
B. Tap every female inflorescence because tapping increases fruit set on the same stalk
C. Reserve selected female inflorescences for fruit and tap other suitable inflorescences
D. Remove all male inflorescences because male palms cannot be used for sap production

59 A one-hectare palmyrah block has palms at m spacing and an equal sex ratio. If female palms are reserved exclusively for fruit and every other palm is tapped, how many tapping palms are available?

Palmyrah Hard
A. tapping palms
B. tapping palms
C. tapping palms
D. tapping palms

60 Fresh palmyrah sap collected for sale as non-alcoholic neera begins fermenting rapidly during warm-weather transport. Which post-collection intervention best preserves sweetness with minimal fermentation?

Palmyrah Hard
A. Store it in open iron vessels until suspended impurities settle
B. Use sanitized vessels and cool the sap rapidly after collection
C. Expose the sap to air and hold it at ambient temperature
D. Mix it with previously fermented sap to stabilize its sugar content