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Unit 3: Building and Structuring Data Models - Practice Quiz

INT374 — Data Analytics With Power Bi 50 Questions
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1 What is the primary purpose of data modeling in Power BI?

A. To create colorful visualizations
B. To write SQL queries
C. To export data to Excel
D. To define relationships between tables and structure data for analysis

2 In the context of database normalization, what is the main goal?

A. To create a single flat table for all data
B. To delete historical data
C. To increase data redundancy
D. To organize data to reduce redundancy and improve integrity

3 Which type of table typically contains quantitative values or metrics to be analyzed?

A. Dimension Table
B. Bridge Table
C. Parameter Table
D. Fact Table

4 What kind of data is primarily found in a Dimension table?

A. Aggregated totals
B. Foreign keys only
C. Transactional records
D. Descriptive attributes (context)

5 What is a Star Schema?

A. A schema where every table is connected to every other table
B. A structure where dimension tables are normalized into multiple related tables
C. A central fact table surrounded by denormalized dimension tables
D. A single flat table containing all data

6 How does a Snowflake Schema differ from a Star Schema?

A. It does not support relationships
B. Fact tables are normalized
C. It uses only one table
D. Dimension tables are normalized, branching out into further tables

7 Which column is used to uniquely identify each row in a table?

A. Alternate Key
B. Primary Key
C. Foreign Key
D. Secondary Key

8 What is a Foreign Key?

A. A column that points to a Primary Key in another table
B. A unique identifier in the current table
C. A column used to sort data
D. A hidden column in Power BI

9 What is the most common and recommended relationship cardinality in Power BI?

A. Many-to-One
B. One-to-Many
C. One-to-One
D. Many-to-Many

10 What happens when you create a Many-to-Many relationship directly in Power BI without a bridge table?

A. Power BI allows it but it may introduce ambiguity and performance issues
B. It creates a One-to-One relationship automatically
C. Power BI rejects the relationship
D. It automatically normalizes the data

11 In Power BI, what does the 'Cross-filter direction' setting determine?

A. Which table is hidden
B. How filters propagate between related tables
C. The color of the relationship line
D. The format of the data dates

12 What is the downside of using 'Both' in Cross-filter direction?

A. It is only available for text data
B. It prevents the use of measures
C. It deletes data
D. It can cause ambiguity and performance issues

13 Which view in Power BI Desktop is best for managing relationships?

A. Query View
B. Data View
C. Model View
D. Report View

14 What does a solid line between two tables in Model View represent?

A. A theoretical relationship
B. An active relationship
C. A broken relationship
D. An inactive relationship

15 How many active relationships can exist directly between two specific tables in Power BI?

A. Zero
B. Unlimited
C. Up to five
D. Exactly one

16 What is a 'Surrogate Key'?

A. A key based on business logic like Social Security Number
B. A text-based description
C. An artificial, system-generated unique identifier (usually an integer)
D. A duplicate key

17 To handle a Many-to-Many relationship properly, what type of intermediate table is recommended?

A. Dimension Table
B. Summary Table
C. Fact Table
D. Bridge (or Junction) Table

18 What is the function of the USERELATIONSHIP DAX function?

A. To delete a relationship
B. To create a new table
C. To rename a column
D. To activate an inactive relationship for a specific calculation

19 What is 'Filter Context'?

A. The background color of a visual
B. A DAX function used to filter text
C. The connection string to the database
D. The set of filters applied to a calculation at the moment it is evaluated

20 In a standard One-to-Many relationship (Single direction), filters flow from:

A. The Many side to the One side
B. The One side to the Many side
C. The Fact table to the Dimension table
D. Neither side

21 What is a 'Role-Playing Dimension'?

A. A dimension generated by AI
B. A dimension that changes data types
C. A dimension that filters multiple fact tables
D. A single dimension table used for multiple purposes (e.g., Order Date, Ship Date) usually via inactive relationships or copies

22 When defining a Data Category for a column containing URLs to product images, which category should be selected?

A. Uncategorized
B. Barcode
C. Web URL
D. Image URL

23 Why is it important to set the correct Data Category for geographical fields (e.g., City, Country)?

A. To convert text to numbers
B. To reduce file size
C. To allow Bing Maps to correctly locate and visualize the data
D. To change the font

24 What feature allows you to group Year, Quarter, Month, and Day columns together for drill-down analysis?

A. Clustering
B. Concatenation
C. Binning
D. Hierarchy

25 What is 'Referential Integrity' in the context of data modeling?

A. Ensuring all text is uppercase
B. Connecting to cloud data sources
C. Removing null values from measures
D. Ensuring that every Foreign Key value in the child table has a matching Primary Key value in the parent table

26 If you see a dotted line between two tables in the Model View, what does it signify?

A. An inactive relationship
B. A weak relationship
C. A One-to-One relationship
D. A Many-to-Many relationship

27 Which of the following is a benefit of the Star Schema over the Snowflake Schema?

A. More tables to manage
B. Simpler model structure and generally better performance
C. More complex SQL queries
D. Higher data redundancy

28 What is 'Granularity' in a data model?

A. The level of detail represented by a single row in a table
B. The speed of data refresh
C. The number of administrators
D. The color scheme of the report

29 How do you create a hierarchy in Power BI Model View?

A. Drag a column onto another column in the same table
B. Use the 'Group' function in Query Editor
C. Create a calculated table
D. Write a SQL script

30 What is the 'Hide in Report View' option used for?

A. Securing data with a password
B. Filtering data out of visuals
C. Preventing users from seeing technical columns (like surrogate keys) in the fields pane
D. Deleting data permanently

31 If a relationship is set to 'Assume Referential Integrity', what type of join does Power BI use to generate queries?

A. Cross Join
B. Full Outer Join
C. Inner Join
D. Left Outer Join

32 What is the risk of having 'Ambiguity' in a data model?

A. The model becomes too colorful
B. The file size increases
C. Power BI cannot determine which path to take for filtering, leading to errors or disabled relationships
D. You cannot export to PDF

33 Which formatting option allows a 'Month Name' column to be sorted chronologically (Jan, Feb) rather than alphabetically (Apr, Aug)?

A. Data Category
B. Group By
C. Format String
D. Sort by Column

34 In a Star Schema, the Fact table is usually:

A. Empty
B. Short and Wide
C. Unstructured
D. Tall and Narrow

35 Which of the following is NOT a standard aggregation type for a numeric column?

A. Min
B. Sum
C. Concatenate
D. Average

36 When importing data, Power BI automatically detects relationships based on:

A. Row counts
B. Column names and data types matching
C. The order of import
D. Table names

37 What is a 'Circular Dependency'?

A. When Table A depends on Table B, and Table B depends on Table A
B. A chart that is shaped like a circle
C. A pie chart visualization
D. A relationship between a date table and a sales table

38 Why are 'Calculated Columns' generally less preferred than 'Measures' for aggregation?

A. They do not support text
B. They are harder to write
C. They cannot be used in charts
D. They consume memory and storage as they are computed for every row during refresh

39 In the 'Edit Relationship' dialog, what does the 'Make this relationship active' checkbox do?

A. Toggles whether the relationship is the primary path for filter propagation
B. Reverses the direction
C. Changes the cardinality
D. Deletes the relationship

40 What is the primary benefit of Denormalization in Power BI?

A. Better data integrity
B. Improved query performance by reducing the number of joins required
C. Easier data entry
D. Reduced file size

41 Which data type is most efficient for relationship keys?

A. Decimal Number
B. String / Text
C. Date/Time
D. Integer

42 What is a 'Disconnected Table'?

A. A table with missing data
B. A table that failed to load
C. A table with no relationships to other tables, often used for parameter selection
D. A table hidden from the report

43 If you have a 'Date' table and a 'Sales' table, which column in the Date table should be the Primary Key?

A. Month
B. Quarter
C. Date (unique daily value)
D. Year

44 How does Power BI handle a relationship where the data types of the join columns do not match?

A. It prevents the relationship from being created
B. It allows the relationship but with errors
C. It creates a bridge table
D. It automatically converts them

45 Which of the following describes a 'Parent-Child' hierarchy?

A. A relationship between two different files
B. A time-intelligence function
C. A structure where two columns in the same table define the hierarchy (e.g., EmployeeID and ManagerID)
D. A fixed level hierarchy like Year-Month-Day

46 What is the purpose of the 'Synonyms' feature in the Model View?

A. To help Q&A visual understand natural language queries by providing alternate names for fields
B. To translate data into other languages
C. To rename columns permanently
D. To create duplicate columns

47 When creating a relationship, what does the cardinality 'One-to-One' imply?

A. The tables are unrelated
B. One record in Table A matches exactly one record in Table B
C. One record in Table A matches many in Table B
D. Many records in Table A match many in Table B

48 Why might you disable 'Auto date/time' in Power BI Options?

A. To use the old calendar system
B. To reduce file size by preventing hidden date tables for every date column
C. To prevent date formatting
D. To stop the clock

49 What is the effect of changing a column's formatting string (e.g., to Currency)?

A. It only changes how the data is displayed in visuals
B. It breaks relationships
C. It changes the underlying data value
D. It creates a new table

50 In a 'Composite Model', what does it mean?

A. You can mix DirectQuery connections and Import data in the same model
B. The model is only for composites
C. It is a 3D model
D. All data is in Excel
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