GEO295 Unit 6: Environmental Geography - MCQ Practice | B. Tech. CSE

1 $Who coined the term 'Ecosystem' in 1935?$

A.

R.L. Lindeman

B.

E.P. Odum

C.

A.G. Tansley

D.

Ernst Haeckel

2 $According to Lindeman's 10% Law, how much energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next?$

A.

100%

B.

10%

C.

1%

D.

50%

3 $Which of the following describes the zone of transition between two distinct ecosystems?$

A.

Ecotone

B.

Biome

C.

Ecotype

D.

Ecological Niche

4 $What is the functional role of a species within its ecosystem called?$

A.

Home Range

B.

Trophic Level

C.

Habitat

D.

Ecological Niche

5 $Which type of ecological pyramid is always upright?$

A.

Inverted Pyramid

B.

Pyramid of Numbers

C.

Pyramid of Energy

D.

Pyramid of Biomass

6 $The process of succession on a bare rock surface is known as:$

A.

Hydrosere

B.

Xerosere

C.

Psammosere

D.

Halosere

7 $Which gas is primarily responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer?$

A.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

B.

Methane

C.

Carbon Dioxide

D.

Nitrous Oxide

8 $What is the phenomenon called when the concentration of toxins increases at higher trophic levels?$

A.

Biodegradation

B.

Bioaccumulation

C.

Biomagnification

D.

Eutrophication

9 $Acid rain is primarily caused by emissions of which two gases?$

A.

CO and CO2

B.

O3 and CFCs

C.

CO2 and CH4

D.

SO2 and NOx

10 $The excessive enrichment of water bodies with nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus is called:$

A.

Desertification

B.

Sedimentation

C.

Salinization

D.

Eutrophication

11 $Which of the following is an example of In-situ conservation?$

A.

Botanical Garden

B.

Seed Bank

C.

National Park

D.

Zoo

12 $The 'Red Data Book' which lists endangered species is published by:$

A.

UNEP

B.

IUCN

C.

WWF

D.

UNESCO

13 $Who introduced the concept of 'Biodiversity Hotspots'?$

A.

Charles Darwin

B.

Rachel Carson

C.

Norman Myers

D.

Edward O. Wilson

14 $Which movement in India is famously associated with hugging trees to prevent deforestation?$

A.

Narmada Bachao Andolan

B.

Appiko Movement

C.

Silent Valley Movement

D.

Chipko Movement

15 $The Brundtland Commission Report (1987) is famously titled:$

A.

Our Common Future

B.

Silent Spring

C.

Agenda 21

D.

The Limits to Growth

16 $How many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by the UN in 2015?$

A.

15

B.

17

C.

10

D.

21

17 $The Montreal Protocol is related to:$

A.

Hazardous Waste Disposal

B.

Biodiversity Conservation

C.

Greenhouse Gas Reduction

D.

Ozone Layer Depletion

18 $The Kyoto Protocol primarily focuses on:$

A.

Conserving Biodiversity

B.

Protecting Wetlands

C.

Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions

D.

Controlling Transboundary Waste

19 $Which Indian Act was enacted in the wake of the Bhopal Gas Tragedy?$

A.

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

B.

Air Act, 1981

C.

Wildlife Protection Act, 1972

D.

Forest Conservation Act, 1980

20 $What does EIA stand for in environmental management?$

A.

Ecological Impact Analysis

B.

Environmental Impact Assessment

C.

Energy Independent Assessment

D.

Environmental International Agreement

21 $The 'Agenda 21' was a result of which summit?$

A.

Johannesburg Summit (2002)

B.

Stockholm Conference (1972)

C.

Paris Summit (2015)

D.

Rio Earth Summit (1992)

22 $Which of the following is an abiotic component of the ecosystem?$

A.

Plants

B.

Fungi

C.

Bacteria

D.

Humus

23 $A species restricted to a specific geographic area is called:$

A.

Invasive Species

B.

Endemic Species

C.

Keystone Species

D.

Exotic Species

24 $Which layer of the atmosphere contains the 'Good Ozone' that protects us from UV rays?$

A.

Troposphere

B.

Stratosphere

C.

Thermosphere

D.

Mesosphere

25 $The magnitude of an earthquake is measured on which scale?$

A.

Fujita Scale

B.

Richter Scale

C.

Saffir-Simpson Scale

D.

Mercalli Scale

26 $Which of the following is considered a 'secondary pollutant'?$

A.

Sulfur Dioxide

B.

Carbon Monoxide

C.

Lead

D.

Ground-level Ozone

27 $What is the primary cause of soil salinization in arid regions?$

A.

Deforestation

B.

Overgrazing

C.

Excessive irrigation without drainage

D.

Acid rain

28 $The Ramsar Convention relates to the conservation of:$

A.

Wetlands

B.

Corals

C.

Forests

D.

Deserts

29 $Which of the following is a geological hazard?$

A.

Heatwave

B.

Drought

C.

Landslide

D.

Cyclone

30 $What is the main objective of the Paris Agreement (2015)?$

A.

Limit global temperature rise to well below 2°C

B.

Ban all nuclear weapons

C.

Eliminate all fossil fuels by 2020

D.

Stop all plastic production

31 $Minamata disease was caused by pollution from:$

A.

Cadmium

B.

Mercury

C.

Lead

D.

Arsenic

32 $Which method involves planting crops in rows along the contours of the land to prevent soil erosion?$

A.

Terracing

B.

Crop Rotation

C.

Contour Ploughing

D.

Shifting Cultivation

33 $The concept of 'Ecological Footprint' measures:$

A.

The carbon content of soil

B.

The migration path of animals

C.

Human demand on nature

D.

The physical size of an ecosystem

34 $Which gas was responsible for the Bhopal Gas Tragedy in 1984?$

A.

Phosgene

B.

Potassium Cyanide

C.

Methyl Isocyanate

D.

Carbon Monoxide

35 $Beta diversity refers to:$

A.

Genetic diversity

B.

Diversity within a single community

C.

Total diversity of a region

D.

Diversity between communities

36 $Which of the following is NOT a renewable energy source?$

A.

Geothermal

B.

Solar

C.

Natural Gas

D.

Wind

37 $The process of restoring a forest that once existed but was removed is called:$

A.

Reforestation

B.

Agroforestry

C.

Afforestation

D.

Deforestation

38 $Which Act in India governs the protection of forests and wildlife?$

A.

The Mines Act

B.

The Factories Act

C.

The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972

D.

The Water Act

39 $The 'Greenhouse Effect' is essential for life because:$

A.

It maintains the Earth's average temperature

B.

It prevents rain

C.

It produces oxygen

D.

It blocks UV rays

40 $Disaster Management involves which cycle of activities?$

A.

Planning, Funding, Building, Selling

B.

Ignore, React, Forget, Repeat

C.

Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment, Conclusion

D.

Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, Recovery

41 $A 'Keystone Species' is:$

A.

An extinct species

B.

A species with a disproportionately large effect on its environment

C.

The most abundant species

D.

A species at the bottom of the food chain

42 $Which soil horizon is known as Topsoil?$

A.

B Horizon

B.

O Horizon

C.

A Horizon

D.

C Horizon

43 $Anthropogenic hazards are caused by:$

A.

Human activities

B.

Geological forces

C.

Atmospheric conditions

D.

Solar flares

44 $The 'Silent Valley' is located in which Indian state?$

A.

Kerala

B.

Himachal Pradesh

C.

Karnataka

D.

Uttarakhand

45 $Which international body was established to assess the science related to climate change?$

A.

IPCC

B.

NATO

C.

WHO

D.

WTO

46 $What is the primary cause of Tsunami?$

A.

Cyclones

B.

Atmospheric pressure

C.

Tides

D.

Undersea earthquakes

47 $Fly ash is a major environmental pollutant produced by:$

A.

Wind farms

B.

Thermal power plants

C.

Hydroelectric plants

D.

Nuclear power plants

48 $Which of the following is an example of Non-Point Source pollution?$

A.

Oil spill from a tanker

B.

Discharge pipe from a factory

C.

Smoke stack

D.

Agricultural runoff

49 $The concept of 'Carrying Capacity' refers to:$

A.

Maximum water a river can hold

B.

Maximum weight a vehicle can carry

C.

Maximum population size an environment can sustain

D.

Maximum trash a landfill can take

50 $Which article of the Indian Constitution imposes a fundamental duty on citizens to protect the environment?$

A.

Article 48A

B.

Article 51A(g)

C.

Article 21

D.

Article 14

Unit 6: Environmental Geography - Practice Quiz

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