Back to Subject
View Notes

Unit 3 - Practice Quiz

PSY291

1 Which of the following best describes self-concept?

A. The distinct personality traits a person exhibits at work
B. The sum total of an individual's beliefs and feelings about themselves
C. The physiological desire to achieve specific goals
D. The external feedback received from peers

2 According to Carl Rogers, if there is a significant discrepancy between a person's Real Self and their Ideal Self, what is the likely psychological result?

A. Self-Actualization
B. Incongruence
C. High Self-Efficacy
D. Extrinsic Motivation

3 In the context of the Johari Window, which quadrant represents information about the self that is known to others but unknown to the self?

A. Open Area
B. Hidden Area
C. Blind Spot
D. Unknown Area

4 What is the primary difference between self-esteem and self-efficacy?

A. Self-esteem is about specific tasks; self-efficacy is about global worth.
B. Self-esteem is global self-worth; self-efficacy is belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations.
C. Self-esteem is external; self-efficacy is internal.
D. There is no difference; they are synonyms.

5 Which component of self-concept relates to the way an individual feels about themselves (emotions and evaluation)?

A. The Cognitive component
B. The Affective component
C. The Behavioral component
D. The Social component

6 The concept of the "Looking-Glass Self", suggesting we develop our self-concept based on how we believe others perceive us, was proposed by:

A. Abraham Maslow
B. Charles Cooley
C. Frederick Herzberg
D. Sigmund Freud

7 In Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which needs must be satisfied before Safety Needs become the primary motivator?

A. Social Needs
B. Physiological Needs
C. Esteem Needs
D. Self-Actualization Needs

8 Which of the following is considered a higher-order need in Maslow's hierarchy?

A. Hunger and thirst
B. Security of employment
C. Self-Actualization
D. Rest and sleep

9 According to Maslow, the desire for friendship, intimacy, and family belongs to which category?

A. Safety Needs
B. Belongingness and Love Needs
C. Esteem Needs
D. Physiological Needs

10 In Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, factors such as company policy, supervision, and salary are classified as:

A. Motivators
B. Hygiene Factors
C. Growth Factors
D. Intrinsic Factors

11 According to Herzberg, which of the following is a true Motivator that leads to job satisfaction?

A. High Salary
B. Job Security
C. Recognition for achievement
D. Good working conditions

12 What is the relationship between Hygiene Factors and employee motivation?

A. Improving hygiene factors increases motivation significantly.
B. Improving hygiene factors prevents dissatisfaction but does not create satisfaction.
C. Hygiene factors are more important than motivators for high performance.
D. Hygiene factors have no impact on the employee.

13 Maslow’s Esteem Needs are most similar to which of Herzberg’s factors?

A. Hygiene Factors
B. Motivators
C. Physiological Needs
D. Safety Needs

14 The term "Self-Actualization" refers to:

A. The need to protect oneself from physical harm
B. The need to feel part of a group
C. The realization of one's full potential and talents
D. The desire for prestige and reputation

15 Which personality trait from the Big Five (Five-Factor Model) is most consistently correlated with high job performance across various professions?

A. Extraversion
B. Agreeableness
C. Conscientiousness
D. Neuroticism

16 An individual who is imaginative, curious, and open to new ideas would score high on which Big Five trait?

A. Openness to Experience
B. Neuroticism
C. Extraversion
D. Agreeableness

17 In a workplace setting, an employee with high Neuroticism is likely to:

A. Be extremely calm under pressure
B. Experience higher levels of stress and anxiety
C. Be the most social person in the room
D. Seek out new creative challenges constantly

18 Which personality type is characterized by a chronic sense of time urgency, competitiveness, and hostility, often linked to workplace stress?

A. Type A
B. Type B
C. Type C
D. Introvert

19 How does Locus of Control influence learning and work?

A. Internal locus of control leads to passivity.
B. External locus of control suggests individuals believe they control their own destiny.
C. Internal locus of control is associated with higher motivation and effort in learning.
D. Locus of control is unrelated to performance.

20 Which personality assessment is based on Jungian types and classifies people into 16 distinct personality profiles?

A. MMPI-2
B. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
C. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
D. Rorschach Inkblot Test

21 The Person-Environment Fit theory suggests that:

A. Anyone can do any job if paid enough
B. Performance and satisfaction are highest when an individual's traits match the work environment
C. Environment is the only determinant of behavior
D. Personality changes entirely depending on the environment

22 Self-monitoring refers to:

A. The ability to adjust one’s behavior to external, situational factors
B. Checking one’s pulse during stress
C. Keeping a diary of daily tasks
D. The rigidity of one's moral values

23 In the communication process, encoding refers to:

A. Interpreting the message received
B. Translating a thought or idea into a message (symbols/words)
C. The medium through which the message travels
D. The noise that disrupts the message

24 Which of the following is a barrier to effective interpersonal communication known as Semantic Noise?

A. Loud construction work outside the window
B. Poor phone signal
C. Different interpretations of the meaning of words or jargon
D. The receiver being deaf

25 The study of body motion, facial expressions, and gestures in non-verbal communication is known as:

A. Proxemics
B. Kinesics
C. Chronemics
D. Haptics

26 What is Proxemics in the context of interpersonal behavior?

A. The study of vocal tone
B. The study of use of space and distance in communication
C. The study of touch
D. The study of eye contact

27 Which element of Emotional Intelligence (EI) involves understanding the emotional makeup of other people?

A. Self-Awareness
B. Self-Regulation
C. Empathy
D. Motivation

28 In Transactional Analysis, which ego state reflects logical, objective, and rational behavior?

A. Parent
B. Adult
C. Child
D. Sibling

29 A communication style that is Assertive is characterized by:

A. Violating the rights of others to get what you want
B. Passive acceptance of others' demands
C. Expressing needs and feelings clearly and respectfully without infringing on others
D. Using manipulation to achieve goals

30 The Halo Effect in interpersonal perception refers to:

A. Seeing everyone as an angel
B. Drawing a general impression about an individual based on a single characteristic
C. Judging someone based on the group they belong to
D. Attributing one's own faults to others

31 According to Maslow, what happens once a need is substantially satisfied?

A. It becomes the primary motivator.
B. It no longer motivates behavior.
C. It turns into a hygiene factor.
D. It moves to the bottom of the hierarchy.

32 Which of the following creates a Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in a learning or work environment?

A. The Pygmalion Effect
B. The Recency Effect
C. The Contrast Effect
D. The Placebo Effect

33 In terms of feedback, what is the "feedback loop" essential for?

A. Increasing the noise in the channel
B. Confirming that the message has been understood correctly
C. Asserting dominance over the receiver
D. Encoding the message faster

34 Which personality trait is most associated with cooperative behavior and good interpersonal relationships in teams?

A. Agreeableness
B. Neuroticism
C. Introversion
D. Conscientiousness

35 Herzberg's theory is also known as the:

A. Needs Hierarchy Theory
B. Motivation-Hygiene Theory
C. Theory X and Theory Y
D. ERG Theory

36 If a manager uses "Management by Exception", they are likely to interact with employees only when:

A. Employees are succeeding
B. Employees deviate from the standard or make mistakes
C. It is time for the annual party
D. They are in a good mood

37 Which listening technique involves restating or paraphrasing what the speaker has said to ensure understanding?

A. Passive listening
B. Selective listening
C. Reflective listening
D. Defensive listening

38 Maslow termed the first four levels of his hierarchy (Physiological, Safety, Belongingness, Esteem) as:

A. B-needs (Being needs)
B. D-needs (Deficiency needs)
C. G-needs (Growth needs)
D. X-needs

39 Which of the following is an example of non-verbal communication?

A. Writing an email
B. Speaking on the phone
C. Tone of voice
D. Reading a manual

40 A person with a high Need for Achievement (nAch) usually prefers tasks that are:

A. Extremely easy
B. Extremely difficult (impossible)
C. Moderately difficult and challenging
D. Routine and repetitive

41 When self-concept is threatened, individuals often use Defense Mechanisms. Who originally proposed this concept?

A. B.F. Skinner
B. Sigmund Freud
C. Frederick Herzberg
D. Abraham Maslow

42 In the Open Area of the Johari Window:

A. I know, but you don't know
B. I don't know, and you don't know
C. I know, and you know
D. I don't know, but you know

43 Which factor in Herzberg's theory is most likely to lead to long-term job satisfaction?

A. Increasing vacation days
B. Improving office lighting
C. Job enrichment
D. Increasing base pay

44 What is Paralinguistics?

A. The study of parallel lines in psychology
B. Vocal features that accompany speech (pitch, volume, rate)
C. The use of multiple languages
D. Written communication standards

45 In interpersonal perception, Stereotyping is:

A. Evaluating a person based on their unique individual traits
B. Judging a person based on the perception of the group to which they belong
C. Ignoring a person entirely
D. Giving positive feedback only

46 Trait theory in personality assumes that:

A. Personality is entirely determined by the environment
B. Traits are relatively stable characteristics that cause individuals to behave in certain ways
C. Personality changes drastically every day
D. Unconscious forces are the only driver of behavior

47 Which of the following is an example of an Intrinsic Reward?

A. A bonus check
B. A promotion
C. A sense of accomplishment
D. A corner office

48 The tendency to attribute one's own successes to internal factors and failures to external factors is called:

A. Self-Serving Bias
B. Fundamental Attribution Error
C. Halo Effect
D. Confirmation Bias

49 In communication, "filtering" refers to:

A. Using a spam filter
B. The sender manipulating information so the receiver will see it more favorably
C. Speaking very clearly
D. Removing background noise

50 According to Maslow, can an individual regress down the hierarchy?

A. No, progress is always upward.
B. Yes, if lower-level needs are no longer met (e.g., loss of job threatening safety).
C. Yes, but only during childhood.
D. Maslow did not address this.