1 $Which of the following best describes self-concept ?$

A.

The sum total of an individual's beliefs and feelings about themselves

B.

The distinct personality traits a person exhibits at work

C.

The physiological desire to achieve specific goals

D.

The external feedback received from peers

2 $According to Carl Rogers, if there is a significant discrepancy between a person's Real Self and their Ideal Self, what is the likely psychological result?$

A.

Extrinsic Motivation

B.

Self-Actualization

C.

High Self-Efficacy

D.

Incongruence

3 $In the context of the Johari Window, which quadrant represents information about the self that is known to others but unknown to the self?$

A.

Blind Spot

B.

Hidden Area

C.

Open Area

D.

Unknown Area

4 $What is the primary difference between self-esteem and self-efficacy ?$

A.

There is no difference; they are synonyms.

B.

Self-esteem is external; self-efficacy is internal.

C.

Self-esteem is global self-worth; self-efficacy is belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations.

D.

Self-esteem is about specific tasks; self-efficacy is about global worth.

5 $Which component of self-concept relates to the way an individual feels about themselves (emotions and evaluation)?$

A.

The Cognitive component

B.

The Affective component

C.

The Social component

D.

The Behavioral component

6 $The concept of the "Looking-Glass Self", suggesting we develop our self-concept based on how we believe others perceive us, was proposed by:$

A.

Abraham Maslow

B.

Charles Cooley

C.

Frederick Herzberg

D.

Sigmund Freud

7 $In Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which needs must be satisfied before Safety Needs become the primary motivator?$

A.

Social Needs

B.

Esteem Needs

C.

Physiological Needs

D.

Self-Actualization Needs

8 $Which of the following is considered a higher-order need in Maslow's hierarchy?$

A.

Hunger and thirst

B.

Rest and sleep

C.

Self-Actualization

D.

Security of employment

9 $According to Maslow, the desire for friendship, intimacy, and family belongs to which category?$

A.

Safety Needs

B.

Belongingness and Love Needs

C.

Physiological Needs

D.

Esteem Needs

10 $In Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, factors such as company policy, supervision, and salary are classified as:$

A.

Hygiene Factors

B.

Motivators

C.

Intrinsic Factors

D.

Growth Factors

11 $According to Herzberg, which of the following is a true Motivator that leads to job satisfaction?$

A.

Recognition for achievement

B.

Good working conditions

C.

Job Security

D.

High Salary

12 $What is the relationship between Hygiene Factors and employee motivation?$

A.

Hygiene factors have no impact on the employee.

B.

Improving hygiene factors prevents dissatisfaction but does not create satisfaction.

C.

Improving hygiene factors increases motivation significantly.

D.

Hygiene factors are more important than motivators for high performance.

13 $Maslow’s Esteem Needs are most similar to which of Herzberg’s factors?$

A.

Physiological Needs

B.

Hygiene Factors

C.

Motivators

D.

Safety Needs

14 $The term "Self-Actualization" refers to:$

A.

The need to feel part of a group

B.

The desire for prestige and reputation

C.

The realization of one's full potential and talents

D.

The need to protect oneself from physical harm

15 $Which personality trait from the Big Five (Five-Factor Model) is most consistently correlated with high job performance across various professions?$

A.

Neuroticism

B.

Extraversion

C.

Agreeableness

D.

Conscientiousness

16 $An individual who is imaginative, curious, and open to new ideas would score high on which Big Five trait?$

A.

Extraversion

B.

Openness to Experience

C.

Agreeableness

D.

Neuroticism

17 $In a workplace setting, an employee with high Neuroticism is likely to:$

A.

Be the most social person in the room

B.

Seek out new creative challenges constantly

C.

Experience higher levels of stress and anxiety

D.

Be extremely calm under pressure

18 $Which personality type is characterized by a chronic sense of time urgency, competitiveness, and hostility, often linked to workplace stress?$

A.

Type B

B.

Type C

C.

Type A

D.

Introvert

19 $How does Locus of Control influence learning and work?$

A.

Internal locus of control leads to passivity.

B.

External locus of control suggests individuals believe they control their own destiny.

C.

Locus of control is unrelated to performance.

D.

Internal locus of control is associated with higher motivation and effort in learning.

20 $Which personality assessment is based on Jungian types and classifies people into 16 distinct personality profiles?$

A.

MMPI-2

B.

Rorschach Inkblot Test

C.

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

D.

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

21 $The Person-Environment Fit theory suggests that:$

A.

Personality changes entirely depending on the environment

B.

Performance and satisfaction are highest when an individual's traits match the work environment

C.

Environment is the only determinant of behavior

D.

Anyone can do any job if paid enough

22 $Self-monitoring refers to:$

A.

Checking one’s pulse during stress

B.

The rigidity of one's moral values

C.

The ability to adjust one’s behavior to external, situational factors

D.

Keeping a diary of daily tasks

23 $In the communication process, encoding refers to:$

A.

Interpreting the message received

B.

The medium through which the message travels

C.

The noise that disrupts the message

D.

Translating a thought or idea into a message (symbols/words)

24 $Which of the following is a barrier to effective interpersonal communication known as Semantic Noise ?$

A.

The receiver being deaf

B.

Loud construction work outside the window

C.

Different interpretations of the meaning of words or jargon

D.

Poor phone signal

25 $The study of body motion, facial expressions, and gestures in non-verbal communication is known as:$

A.

Kinesics

B.

Haptics

C.

Proxemics

D.

Chronemics

26 $What is Proxemics in the context of interpersonal behavior?$

A.

The study of touch

B.

The study of eye contact

C.

The study of use of space and distance in communication

D.

The study of vocal tone

27 $Which element of Emotional Intelligence (EI) involves understanding the emotional makeup of other people?$

A.

Motivation

B.

Self-Regulation

C.

Empathy

D.

Self-Awareness

28 $In Transactional Analysis, which ego state reflects logical, objective, and rational behavior?$

A.

Adult

B.

Child

C.

Parent

D.

Sibling

29 $A communication style that is Assertive is characterized by:$

A.

Passive acceptance of others' demands

B.

Violating the rights of others to get what you want

C.

Expressing needs and feelings clearly and respectfully without infringing on others

D.

Using manipulation to achieve goals

30 $The Halo Effect in interpersonal perception refers to:$

A.

Seeing everyone as an angel

B.

Drawing a general impression about an individual based on a single characteristic

C.

Judging someone based on the group they belong to

D.

Attributing one's own faults to others

31 $According to Maslow, what happens once a need is substantially satisfied?$

A.

It no longer motivates behavior.

B.

It turns into a hygiene factor.

C.

It moves to the bottom of the hierarchy.

D.

It becomes the primary motivator.

32 $Which of the following creates a Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in a learning or work environment?$

A.

The Recency Effect

B.

The Contrast Effect

C.

The Pygmalion Effect

D.

The Placebo Effect

33 $In terms of feedback, what is the "feedback loop" essential for?$

A.

Confirming that the message has been understood correctly

B.

Encoding the message faster

C.

Increasing the noise in the channel

D.

Asserting dominance over the receiver

34 $Which personality trait is most associated with cooperative behavior and good interpersonal relationships in teams?$

A.

Introversion

B.

Conscientiousness

C.

Neuroticism

D.

Agreeableness

35 $Herzberg's theory is also known as the:$

A.

ERG Theory

B.

Theory X and Theory Y

C.

Needs Hierarchy Theory

D.

Motivation-Hygiene Theory

36 $If a manager uses "Management by Exception", they are likely to interact with employees only when:$

A.

It is time for the annual party

B.

Employees deviate from the standard or make mistakes

C.

Employees are succeeding

D.

They are in a good mood

37 $Which listening technique involves restating or paraphrasing what the speaker has said to ensure understanding?$

A.

Defensive listening

B.

Passive listening

C.

Selective listening

D.

Reflective listening

38 $Maslow termed the first four levels of his hierarchy (Physiological, Safety, Belongingness, Esteem) as:$

A.

X-needs

B.

G-needs (Growth needs)

C.

B-needs (Being needs)

D.

D-needs (Deficiency needs)

39 $Which of the following is an example of non-verbal communication ?$

A.

Speaking on the phone

B.

Writing an email

C.

Reading a manual

D.

Tone of voice

40 $A person with a high Need for Achievement (nAch) usually prefers tasks that are:$

A.

Routine and repetitive

B.

Extremely difficult (impossible)

C.

Extremely easy

D.

Moderately difficult and challenging

41 $When self-concept is threatened, individuals often use Defense Mechanisms . Who originally proposed this concept?$

A.

Abraham Maslow

B.

B.F. Skinner

C.

Frederick Herzberg

D.

Sigmund Freud

42 $In the Open Area of the Johari Window:$

A.

I don't know, but you know

B.

I know, and you know

C.

I don't know, and you don't know

D.

I know, but you don't know

43 $Which factor in Herzberg's theory is most likely to lead to long-term job satisfaction?$

A.

Improving office lighting

B.

Increasing base pay

C.

Job enrichment

D.

Increasing vacation days

44 $What is Paralinguistics ?$

A.

Written communication standards

B.

The study of parallel lines in psychology

C.

Vocal features that accompany speech (pitch, volume, rate)

D.

The use of multiple languages

45 $In interpersonal perception, Stereotyping is:$

A.

Ignoring a person entirely

B.

Judging a person based on the perception of the group to which they belong

C.

Evaluating a person based on their unique individual traits

D.

Giving positive feedback only

46 $Trait theory in personality assumes that:$

A.

Personality changes drastically every day

B.

Traits are relatively stable characteristics that cause individuals to behave in certain ways

C.

Unconscious forces are the only driver of behavior

D.

Personality is entirely determined by the environment

47 $Which of the following is an example of an Intrinsic Reward ?$

A.

A bonus check

B.

A promotion

C.

A sense of accomplishment

D.

A corner office

48 $The tendency to attribute one's own successes to internal factors and failures to external factors is called:$

A.

Fundamental Attribution Error

B.

Halo Effect

C.

Confirmation Bias

D.

Self-Serving Bias

49 $In communication, "filtering" refers to:$

A.

Removing background noise

B.

Speaking very clearly

C.

Using a spam filter

D.

The sender manipulating information so the receiver will see it more favorably

50 $According to Maslow, can an individual regress down the hierarchy?$

A.

Maslow did not address this.

B.

No, progress is always upward.

C.

Yes, but only during childhood.

D.

Yes, if lower-level needs are no longer met (e.g., loss of job threatening safety).

Unit 3 - Practice Quiz