1 $Which of the following best describes self-concept ?$

A.

The distinct personality traits a person exhibits at work

B.

The external feedback received from peers

C.

The physiological desire to achieve specific goals

D.

The sum total of an individual's beliefs and feelings about themselves

2 $According to Carl Rogers, if there is a significant discrepancy between a person's Real Self and their Ideal Self, what is the likely psychological result?$

A.

Self-Actualization

B.

High Self-Efficacy

C.

Incongruence

D.

Extrinsic Motivation

3 $In the context of the Johari Window, which quadrant represents information about the self that is known to others but unknown to the self?$

A.

Unknown Area

B.

Hidden Area

C.

Open Area

D.

Blind Spot

4 $What is the primary difference between self-esteem and self-efficacy ?$

A.

Self-esteem is global self-worth; self-efficacy is belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations.

B.

Self-esteem is about specific tasks; self-efficacy is about global worth.

C.

There is no difference; they are synonyms.

D.

Self-esteem is external; self-efficacy is internal.

5 $Which component of self-concept relates to the way an individual feels about themselves (emotions and evaluation)?$

A.

The Behavioral component

B.

The Social component

C.

The Cognitive component

D.

The Affective component

6 $The concept of the "Looking-Glass Self", suggesting we develop our self-concept based on how we believe others perceive us, was proposed by:$

A.

Abraham Maslow

B.

Sigmund Freud

C.

Frederick Herzberg

D.

Charles Cooley

7 $In Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which needs must be satisfied before Safety Needs become the primary motivator?$

A.

Physiological Needs

B.

Esteem Needs

C.

Social Needs

D.

Self-Actualization Needs

8 $Which of the following is considered a higher-order need in Maslow's hierarchy?$

A.

Rest and sleep

B.

Hunger and thirst

C.

Security of employment

D.

Self-Actualization

9 $According to Maslow, the desire for friendship, intimacy, and family belongs to which category?$

A.

Safety Needs

B.

Physiological Needs

C.

Belongingness and Love Needs

D.

Esteem Needs

10 $In Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, factors such as company policy, supervision, and salary are classified as:$

A.

Hygiene Factors

B.

Growth Factors

C.

Motivators

D.

Intrinsic Factors

11 $According to Herzberg, which of the following is a true Motivator that leads to job satisfaction?$

A.

High Salary

B.

Job Security

C.

Good working conditions

D.

Recognition for achievement

12 $What is the relationship between Hygiene Factors and employee motivation?$

A.

Improving hygiene factors increases motivation significantly.

B.

Improving hygiene factors prevents dissatisfaction but does not create satisfaction.

C.

Hygiene factors are more important than motivators for high performance.

D.

Hygiene factors have no impact on the employee.

13 $Maslow’s Esteem Needs are most similar to which of Herzberg’s factors?$

A.

Hygiene Factors

B.

Safety Needs

C.

Motivators

D.

Physiological Needs

14 $The term "Self-Actualization" refers to:$

A.

The need to feel part of a group

B.

The need to protect oneself from physical harm

C.

The desire for prestige and reputation

D.

The realization of one's full potential and talents

15 $Which personality trait from the Big Five (Five-Factor Model) is most consistently correlated with high job performance across various professions?$

A.

Neuroticism

B.

Conscientiousness

C.

Agreeableness

D.

Extraversion

16 $An individual who is imaginative, curious, and open to new ideas would score high on which Big Five trait?$

A.

Agreeableness

B.

Neuroticism

C.

Openness to Experience

D.

Extraversion

17 $In a workplace setting, an employee with high Neuroticism is likely to:$

A.

Be the most social person in the room

B.

Be extremely calm under pressure

C.

Seek out new creative challenges constantly

D.

Experience higher levels of stress and anxiety

18 $Which personality type is characterized by a chronic sense of time urgency, competitiveness, and hostility, often linked to workplace stress?$

A.

Type A

B.

Introvert

C.

Type B

D.

Type C

19 $How does Locus of Control influence learning and work?$

A.

Locus of control is unrelated to performance.

B.

External locus of control suggests individuals believe they control their own destiny.

C.

Internal locus of control leads to passivity.

D.

Internal locus of control is associated with higher motivation and effort in learning.

20 $Which personality assessment is based on Jungian types and classifies people into 16 distinct personality profiles?$

A.

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

B.

MMPI-2

C.

Rorschach Inkblot Test

D.

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

21 $The Person-Environment Fit theory suggests that:$

A.

Personality changes entirely depending on the environment

B.

Anyone can do any job if paid enough

C.

Performance and satisfaction are highest when an individual's traits match the work environment

D.

Environment is the only determinant of behavior

22 $Self-monitoring refers to:$

A.

Checking one’s pulse during stress

B.

Keeping a diary of daily tasks

C.

The rigidity of one's moral values

D.

The ability to adjust one’s behavior to external, situational factors

23 $In the communication process, encoding refers to:$

A.

The medium through which the message travels

B.

Interpreting the message received

C.

Translating a thought or idea into a message (symbols/words)

D.

The noise that disrupts the message

24 $Which of the following is a barrier to effective interpersonal communication known as Semantic Noise ?$

A.

Loud construction work outside the window

B.

Poor phone signal

C.

Different interpretations of the meaning of words or jargon

D.

The receiver being deaf

25 $The study of body motion, facial expressions, and gestures in non-verbal communication is known as:$

A.

Proxemics

B.

Haptics

C.

Kinesics

D.

Chronemics

26 $What is Proxemics in the context of interpersonal behavior?$

A.

The study of vocal tone

B.

The study of use of space and distance in communication

C.

The study of eye contact

D.

The study of touch

27 $Which element of Emotional Intelligence (EI) involves understanding the emotional makeup of other people?$

A.

Empathy

B.

Self-Awareness

C.

Motivation

D.

Self-Regulation

28 $In Transactional Analysis, which ego state reflects logical, objective, and rational behavior?$

A.

Parent

B.

Adult

C.

Child

D.

Sibling

29 $A communication style that is Assertive is characterized by:$

A.

Passive acceptance of others' demands

B.

Violating the rights of others to get what you want

C.

Using manipulation to achieve goals

D.

Expressing needs and feelings clearly and respectfully without infringing on others

30 $The Halo Effect in interpersonal perception refers to:$

A.

Attributing one's own faults to others

B.

Seeing everyone as an angel

C.

Drawing a general impression about an individual based on a single characteristic

D.

Judging someone based on the group they belong to

31 $According to Maslow, what happens once a need is substantially satisfied?$

A.

It becomes the primary motivator.

B.

It turns into a hygiene factor.

C.

It moves to the bottom of the hierarchy.

D.

It no longer motivates behavior.

32 $Which of the following creates a Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in a learning or work environment?$

A.

The Placebo Effect

B.

The Pygmalion Effect

C.

The Contrast Effect

D.

The Recency Effect

33 $In terms of feedback, what is the "feedback loop" essential for?$

A.

Asserting dominance over the receiver

B.

Encoding the message faster

C.

Confirming that the message has been understood correctly

D.

Increasing the noise in the channel

34 $Which personality trait is most associated with cooperative behavior and good interpersonal relationships in teams?$

A.

Conscientiousness

B.

Agreeableness

C.

Introversion

D.

Neuroticism

35 $Herzberg's theory is also known as the:$

A.

ERG Theory

B.

Motivation-Hygiene Theory

C.

Needs Hierarchy Theory

D.

Theory X and Theory Y

36 $If a manager uses "Management by Exception", they are likely to interact with employees only when:$

A.

It is time for the annual party

B.

Employees deviate from the standard or make mistakes

C.

They are in a good mood

D.

Employees are succeeding

37 $Which listening technique involves restating or paraphrasing what the speaker has said to ensure understanding?$

A.

Defensive listening

B.

Reflective listening

C.

Passive listening

D.

Selective listening

38 $Maslow termed the first four levels of his hierarchy (Physiological, Safety, Belongingness, Esteem) as:$

A.

B-needs (Being needs)

B.

X-needs

C.

D-needs (Deficiency needs)

D.

G-needs (Growth needs)

39 $Which of the following is an example of non-verbal communication ?$

A.

Speaking on the phone

B.

Writing an email

C.

Tone of voice

D.

Reading a manual

40 $A person with a high Need for Achievement (nAch) usually prefers tasks that are:$

A.

Routine and repetitive

B.

Extremely easy

C.

Extremely difficult (impossible)

D.

Moderately difficult and challenging

41 $When self-concept is threatened, individuals often use Defense Mechanisms . Who originally proposed this concept?$

A.

Abraham Maslow

B.

Frederick Herzberg

C.

B.F. Skinner

D.

Sigmund Freud

42 $In the Open Area of the Johari Window:$

A.

I don't know, and you don't know

B.

I know, but you don't know

C.

I know, and you know

D.

I don't know, but you know

43 $Which factor in Herzberg's theory is most likely to lead to long-term job satisfaction?$

A.

Improving office lighting

B.

Increasing vacation days

C.

Increasing base pay

D.

Job enrichment

44 $What is Paralinguistics ?$

A.

Vocal features that accompany speech (pitch, volume, rate)

B.

Written communication standards

C.

The use of multiple languages

D.

The study of parallel lines in psychology

45 $In interpersonal perception, Stereotyping is:$

A.

Judging a person based on the perception of the group to which they belong

B.

Evaluating a person based on their unique individual traits

C.

Giving positive feedback only

D.

Ignoring a person entirely

46 $Trait theory in personality assumes that:$

A.

Unconscious forces are the only driver of behavior

B.

Traits are relatively stable characteristics that cause individuals to behave in certain ways

C.

Personality is entirely determined by the environment

D.

Personality changes drastically every day

47 $Which of the following is an example of an Intrinsic Reward ?$

A.

A sense of accomplishment

B.

A corner office

C.

A bonus check

D.

A promotion

48 $The tendency to attribute one's own successes to internal factors and failures to external factors is called:$

A.

Self-Serving Bias

B.

Fundamental Attribution Error

C.

Halo Effect

D.

Confirmation Bias

49 $In communication, "filtering" refers to:$

A.

The sender manipulating information so the receiver will see it more favorably

B.

Speaking very clearly

C.

Removing background noise

D.

Using a spam filter

50 $According to Maslow, can an individual regress down the hierarchy?$

A.

Yes, if lower-level needs are no longer met (e.g., loss of job threatening safety).

B.

Maslow did not address this.

C.

No, progress is always upward.

D.

Yes, but only during childhood.

Unit 3 - Practice Quiz