Unit 4: IoT Protocols and Security - Practice Quiz

1 Why are communication protocols required in IoT networks?

2 What is a primary benefit of standard protocols in IoT?

3 Which protocol feature is especially important for battery-powered IoT devices?

4 Which protocol is commonly used for lightweight publish-subscribe messaging in IoT?

5 Which IoT application protocol commonly follows a request-response model and is designed for constrained devices?

6 Which protocol provides addressing and routing across IP networks?

7 What does a cyber-physical system combine?

8 Which component of a cyber-physical system measures conditions in the physical world?

9 What is the main function of an actuator in a cyber-physical system?

10 What does authorization determine in an IoT system?

11 How is authorization different from authentication?

12 Which principle gives an IoT user only the permissions needed to perform a task?

13 What is the main role of a broker in MQTT communication?

14 In broker-based communication, what does a publisher do?

15 How does an MQTT subscriber select the messages it wants to receive?

16 Which situation is a common IoT privacy concern?

17 Which technique helps protect private IoT data while it travels across a network?

18 What does data minimization mean in an IoT system?

19 Which is an IoT-OAS application scenario in a smart home?

20 Which IoT-OAS application scenario supports smart agriculture?

21 A smart-building system contains sensors from several manufacturers. Why are standardized communication protocols necessary in this situation?

22 A battery-powered soil sensor sends a small measurement every ten minutes over a low-bandwidth link. Which protocol requirement should receive the highest priority?

23 An industrial alarm message must reach a controller within milliseconds, even when the network is busy. Which protocol property is most important?

24 A constrained IoT device must expose temperature readings through a request-response interface similar to HTTP while using UDP. Which protocol is the best fit?

25 A fleet-monitoring platform requires vehicles to publish location updates without knowing which applications will consume them. Which application protocol best supports this design?

26 A sensor network uses IPv6, but its IEEE 802.15.4 frames cannot efficiently carry standard IPv6 packets without adaptation. Which protocol addresses this issue?

27 In an automated greenhouse, sensors report temperature and a controller opens vents when the temperature rises. What makes this a cyber-physical system?

28 A robotic assembly line depends on feedback from position sensors. If network delay varies significantly, what is the most likely consequence?

29 A connected insulin pump loses access to its cloud service. Which design best preserves cyber-physical safety?

30 A hospital allows nurses to read patient sensor data but permits only physicians to change alarm thresholds. Which security mechanism enforces this distinction?

31 A smart-lock service has already verified a user's identity. What must authorization determine next?

32 A maintenance application needs temporary access to update one class of factory sensors. Which authorization approach best follows the principle of least privilege?

33 In an MQTT-based home system, a temperature sensor publishes to home/kitchen/temperature. Which component forwards the message to interested clients?

34 Two dashboard applications subscribe to the same MQTT topic. A sensor publishes one message to that topic. What should normally happen?

35 A subscriber briefly disconnects but must receive critical MQTT messages published during the outage. Which configuration best supports this requirement?

36 A fitness tracker removes names from records but keeps precise location trails and timestamps. Why can the records still create a privacy risk?

37 A smart speaker records audio continuously but needs only a wake-word event to activate. Which change best applies data minimization?

38 An energy provider publishes detailed household meter readings every minute for research. Which measure most directly reduces occupancy-inference risk?

39 In an IoT-OAS smart-city scenario, parking sensors from different vendors must expose availability data to several applications. Which interface design best promotes interoperability?

40 An IoT-OAS agriculture application combines moisture sensors, weather data, and irrigation actuators. Which workflow best represents an effective application scenario?

41 An IoT deployment contains battery-powered sensors, mobile gateways, intermittent connectivity, and devices from multiple vendors. Which protocol requirement is most critical for maintaining interoperability without imposing excessive energy and bandwidth costs?

42 A temperature sensor retransmits an unchanged value every 30 seconds even when the measured temperature is stable. Which protocol-level improvement most directly reduces energy consumption while preserving meaningful monitoring accuracy?

43 A constrained environmental sensor must send small measurements through an unreliable low-power network, and the application can tolerate occasional loss but requires minimal overhead. Which protocol choice is most appropriate?

44 An industrial monitoring system requires many sensors to publish data to several independent consumers. Consumers may temporarily disconnect, and producers should not track each consumer separately. Which communication pattern is the best fit?

45 A gateway must translate between a REST-based sensor network and an MQTT-based analytics platform. Which design concern is most important when selecting the protocol stack?

46 A smart irrigation controller receives a delayed soil-moisture reading and activates a valve after heavy rainfall has already occurred. Which property of cyber-physical systems is most directly illustrated?

47 A factory robot is programmed to stop when vibration exceeds a threshold. An attacker injects normal-looking vibration values while physically damaging the robot. Which security property has failed most directly?

48 A medical monitoring system continues operating during a temporary network outage by using locally cached measurements and conservative actuator limits. Which design principle is being applied?

49 An IoT platform authenticates a technician successfully, but the technician is allowed to change firmware on laboratory sensors and not on production sensors. Which mechanism enforces this distinction?

50 A building-management application receives a valid token issued to a maintenance user. The token permits reading energy data but not unlocking doors. Which authorization principle is most clearly represented?

51 A device accepts a command from a trusted gateway, but the command was originally issued for a different building and has been replayed later. Which authorization-related control would best address this edge case?

52 In a broker-based IoT system, a publisher disconnects immediately after sending a message. Which broker feature most directly determines whether a later subscriber can still receive that message?

53 A subscriber loses connectivity and later reconnects. It must receive messages published during the outage, but duplicate delivery is acceptable because the application uses message identifiers for deduplication. Which communication strategy is most suitable?

54 A broker permits clients to subscribe to topics using the wildcard building/+/temperature. Which topic is intentionally excluded from this subscription?

55 A smart speaker sends raw audio continuously to a cloud service even when no interaction is detected. Which privacy-preserving redesign most directly reduces unnecessary exposure?

56 A set of smart-meter readings is anonymized by removing names, but an attacker combines timestamps with public occupancy information and identifies households. What privacy weakness does this demonstrate?

57 An IoT vendor collects precise location data although coarse regional information would satisfy the application requirement. Which privacy principle is being violated most directly?

58 In an IoT-OAS scenario, sensors, analytics services, and actuators are supplied by different organizations. Which architectural capability is most important for allowing services to discover and use one another without requiring bilateral integration with every provider?

59 A city deploys an IoT-OAS application in which traffic sensors publish congestion data, an analytics service predicts bottlenecks, and signal controllers adapt timings. Which feature best distinguishes this from a simple sensor dashboard?

60 An IoT-OAS healthcare application combines wearable sensors, a hospital platform, and an emergency-response service. A wearable becomes unavailable, but the application must continue using other trusted sources and report reduced confidence. Which architectural property is most relevant?