Unit 6: Innovation Project, Re-Design and Product Presentation - Practice Quiz

INT335 — Design Thinking 60 Questions
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1 What is design iteration?

Design Iteration and Product Re-Design Easy
A. Ending development after the first prototype
B. Replacing every feature at one time
C. Producing a product without testing it
D. Repeating design cycles to improve a product

2 What is the main purpose of product re-design?

Design Iteration and Product Re-Design Easy
A. To improve an existing product
B. To keep the original design unchanged
C. To avoid collecting user feedback
D. To remove all product features

3 Which activity is normally part of an iterative design cycle?

Principles of Design Iteration Easy
A. Ignoring prototype results
B. Launching without evaluation
C. Testing a prototype
D. Freezing the first concept

4 Which principle helps a team make design changes effectively?

Principles of Design Iteration Easy
A. Making changes based on evidence
B. Documenting every possible market trend before making any small adjustment to the prototype
C. Changing features without a goal
D. Avoiding contact with users

5 What is user feedback?

User Feedback Analysis Easy
A. A list of manufacturing machines
B. Information users provide about their experience
C. A report about competitor salaries
D. A legal document defining company ownership

6 What should a design team do when many users report the same usability problem?

User Feedback Analysis Easy
A. Assume users are incorrect
B. Change the product name immediately and launch a full advertising campaign before reviewing the issue
C. Delete all collected responses
D. Prioritize investigating the problem

7 What does design refactoring usually aim to do?

Design Refactoring and Re-Design Easy
A. Add as many features as possible
B. Replace user testing with market advertising
C. Improve the design structure without changing its main purpose
D. Change the product into an unrelated service

8 Which action is an example of product re-design?

Design Refactoring and Re-Design Easy
A. Copying every feature from a competitor without checking whether those features meet user needs
B. Stopping all prototype testing
C. Keeping a confusing menu unchanged
D. Simplifying an app's navigation

9 What is a strategic pivot?

Strategic Pivoting and Continuous Improvement Easy
A. A final choice to stop learning
B. A method for avoiding users
C. A planned change in direction
D. A fixed rule that prevents design changes

10 What does continuous improvement mean?

Strategic Pivoting and Continuous Improvement Easy
A. Making regular, gradual improvements
B. Waiting until every problem disappears
C. Changing the complete business model every day based on a single unverified user comment
D. Redesigning only after product failure

11 What is the main goal of design communication?

Product Presentation and Design Communication Easy
A. To increase technical complexity
B. To explain design ideas clearly
C. To hide the design process
D. To replace prototypes with financial records

12 Which visual is most useful for showing how a user moves through an app?

Product Presentation and Design Communication Easy
A. A user-flow diagram
B. A supplier invoice
C. A detailed historical report covering every product previously launched by the company
D. A company tax form

13 Which feature commonly makes a product presentation more effective?

High-Impact Product Presentation Easy
A. A slide filled with paragraphs
B. A clear central message
C. An unexplained technical vocabulary
D. A large number of unrelated animations

14 Why is a product demonstration useful during a presentation?

High-Impact Product Presentation Easy
A. It allows the presenter to avoid explaining the user problem, target audience, and product benefits
B. It shows the product in action
C. It removes the need for preparation
D. It guarantees immediate investment

15 In the NABC model, what does the letter N represent?

NABC Model Easy
A. Network
B. Negotiation
C. Novelty
D. Need

16 Which set correctly expands the NABC model?

NABC Model Easy
A. Name, Action, Budget, Customer
B. Need, Approach, Benefits, Competition
C. Network, Analysis, Business, Communication
D. Need, Audience, Brand, Cost

17 What is an elevator pitch?

Elevator Pitching and Product Communication Easy
A. A brief and persuasive product summary
B. A detailed presentation that explains every design decision, test result, financial estimate, and future feature
C. A complete technical instruction manual
D. A lengthy annual business report

18 Which information should an effective elevator pitch clearly communicate?

Elevator Pitching and Product Communication Easy
A. All employee contact details
B. The full history of every competing organization
C. Every line of source code
D. The product's user value

19 What should a technical design case study document?

Technical Design Case Study and Final Project Presentation Easy
A. Only the names of team members
B. Only the project's final title
C. The problem, process, and outcome
D. Every unrelated idea discussed before the team selected a problem area and began designing

20 What is the purpose of a final project presentation?

Technical Design Case Study and Final Project Presentation Easy
A. To introduce an unrelated product
B. To communicate the completed project and key learning
C. To replace all evidence with personal opinions
D. To avoid discussing test results

21 Users complete checkout successfully but often fail to update the delivery address before confirming an order. What is the most appropriate next design iteration?

Design Iteration and Product Re-Design Medium
A. Change the visual theme and measure overall satisfaction
B. Replace the entire checkout process with a new flow
C. Modify the address-editing interaction and retest the task
D. Add more product categories before testing checkout again

22 A team redesigns a dashboard to help users complete reports more efficiently. Which measure best evaluates the success of the redesign?

Design Iteration and Product Re-Design Medium
A. Number of meetings held during redesign
B. Total number of dashboard menu items
C. Average task time and report error rate
D. Number of colors used in the dashboard

23 Testing reveals a frequently encountered navigation problem, a rare data-entry error, and a minor color inconsistency. Which issue should normally be addressed first?

Principles of Design Iteration Medium
A. The minor color inconsistency across two screens
B. All three issues through a complete product rebuild
C. The frequent navigation problem affecting task completion
D. The rare data-entry error reported by one user

24 A team changes navigation, button labels, and screen colors in one prototype test. Users perform better, but the team cannot identify why. Which iteration principle was neglected?

Principles of Design Iteration Medium
A. Presenting the solution to all stakeholders early
B. Testing focused hypotheses through controlled changes
C. Documenting the final interface specifications
D. Increasing the visual consistency of each screen

25 Five of eight interview participants say that search filters are confusing, and usage logs show frequent abandonment after filters are opened. What is the strongest interpretation?

User Feedback Analysis Medium
A. The interview feedback should be ignored because it is subjective
B. The usage logs prove that users do not need search filters
C. The filters likely create a usability problem worth investigating
D. The entire search feature should immediately be removed

26 Novice users find an analytics tool overwhelming, while expert users request more controls. Which response best uses this feedback?

User Feedback Analysis Medium
A. Show every control by default to all users
B. Create separate products with unrelated interfaces
C. Use progressive disclosure based on user needs
D. Remove advanced controls for every user group

27 A product works well, but its interface uses duplicated styles, inconsistent spacing, and several versions of the same button. What is the best response?

Design Refactoring and Re-Design Medium
A. Preserve every component to avoid any implementation change
B. Replace the product workflow with a new business model
C. Refactor the interface into reusable design-system components
D. Add new features before correcting the inconsistencies

28 Users repeatedly fail a legacy workflow because its sequence conflicts with how they understand the task. Why is redesign more suitable than visual refactoring?

Design Refactoring and Re-Design Medium
A. Redesign can change the workflow's structure and interaction model
B. Refactoring prevents teams from conducting usability testing
C. Redesign changes only colors, typography, and spacing rules
D. Refactoring always requires replacing the underlying product

29 A scheduling application has low retention, but users consistently return to its collaborative notes feature. What is the most reasonable strategic pivot?

Strategic Pivoting and Continuous Improvement Medium
A. Focus the product on collaborative notes and validate demand
B. Remove collaborative notes and expand scheduling options
C. Keep the strategy unchanged until acquisition increases
D. Add unrelated communication tools without further research

30 A team tests a revised onboarding flow with 10% of new users. Which plan best supports continuous improvement?

Strategic Pivoting and Continuous Improvement Medium
A. Compare activation while monitoring retention and support issues
B. Measure only how many screens the new flow contains
C. End all testing once initial activation shows any increase
D. Release it globally after receiving one positive comment

31 A designer must present a product to executives and engineers in the same meeting. Which communication approach is most effective?

Product Presentation and Design Communication Medium
A. Deliver separate unrelated narratives without a shared goal
B. Provide business outcomes first, followed by technical detail
C. Discuss only revenue and omit implementation constraints
D. Use only technical diagrams for both audience groups

32 Stakeholders challenge why one navigation concept was selected over another. What evidence should the presenter emphasize?

Product Presentation and Design Communication Medium
A. User testing and constraints supported the selected concept
B. The selected concept was created later in the project
C. The alternative required fewer presentation slides
D. The team personally preferred its visual appearance

33 Which presentation sequence is most likely to create a clear and persuasive product story?

High-Impact Product Presentation Medium
A. Problem, evidence, solution demonstration, results, and request
B. Team biography, technical appendix, problem, and closing image
C. Detailed architecture, meeting notes, prototype, and problem
D. Feature list, company history, raw data, and design vocabulary

34 A live prototype depends on an unreliable internet connection. How should the team reduce presentation risk while preserving impact?

High-Impact Product Presentation Medium
A. Cancel the demonstration and read every feature aloud
B. Prepare a recorded walkthrough and offline screenshots
C. Assume the connection will work during the final session
D. Replace the demonstration with a dense technical document

35 In an NABC presentation for a digital expense tool, which statement best addresses Competition?

NABC Model Medium
A. Spreadsheets and rival apps require more manual entry
B. The tool scans receipts and categorizes each expense
C. Employees need to submit expenses more quickly
D. Submission time is reduced by approximately 30%

36 Which statement represents the Benefits element of the NABC model rather than the Approach element?

NABC Model Medium
A. The system uses sensors to detect equipment faults
B. The dashboard is built with modular interface components
C. The solution reduces inspection time by 40%
D. The prototype sends data through a wireless network

37 A founder has 30 seconds to explain a product to a potential partner. Which content should be prioritized?

Elevator Pitching and Product Communication Medium
A. Every research quotation, prototype change, and meeting date
B. Complete feature history, staffing plan, and technical appendix
C. Target user, core problem, distinctive value, and next step
D. Detailed source code, database structure, and testing scripts

38 An engineering team is pitching a monitoring device to hospital clinicians. How should the pitch be adapted?

Elevator Pitching and Product Communication Medium
A. Focus mainly on programming languages and circuit components
B. Use unexplained engineering terminology to demonstrate expertise
C. Emphasize clinical workflow, safety evidence, and patient value
D. Avoid discussing validation because clinicians prefer short pitches

39 Which structure best demonstrates rigorous design work in a technical case study?

Technical Design Case Study and Final Project Presentation Medium
A. Final screenshots, team photographs, and promotional slogans
B. Problem, constraints, process, iterations, evidence, and outcomes
C. Source code, color palette, meeting schedule, and references
D. Company background, feature list, animations, and acknowledgments

40 A final project uses an algorithm that improves accuracy but increases response time. How should the team present this design decision?

Technical Design Case Study and Final Project Presentation Medium
A. State that the newest algorithm is automatically the best choice
B. Replace performance evidence with a polished interface animation
C. Show benchmark results, trade-offs, rationale, and limitations
D. Report only the accuracy improvement and omit response time

41 A team redesigns a medication dispenser after users report missed doses. In the next test, it changes the reminder sound, button placement, onboarding flow, and participant age distribution simultaneously. Completion rates improve by 18%. What is the strongest conclusion?

Design Iteration and Product Re-Design Hard
A. The combined redesign improved performance, but the contribution of each change remains unidentified.
B. The interface changes caused the improvement because completion is a usability metric.
C. The reminder sound caused the improvement because it directly addresses missed doses.
D. The redesign validated every modification because the aggregate completion rate increased.

42 A connected thermostat must be redesigned to support variable-rate tariffs without breaking integrations that depend on its existing temperature API. Which strategy best balances innovation with compatibility?

Design Iteration and Product Re-Design Hard
A. Replace the API immediately and require every integration partner to migrate before launch.
B. Introduce a versioned tariff interface while preserving the existing API through an adapter.
C. Duplicate the entire product architecture and maintain unrelated implementations indefinitely.
D. Add tariff logic inside the display layer while leaving device behavior otherwise unchanged.

43 Four prototype experiments have equal cost. Which should be conducted first under an uncertainty-driven iteration strategy?

Principles of Design Iteration Hard
A. A feasibility test that could invalidate the product's core physical mechanism.
B. A color test expected to improve preference ratings from 4.1 to 4.2.
C. A logo test requested by a stakeholder with no defined success metric.
D. A layout test on a feature already validated across three representative samples.

44 A team tracks expected value gain and iteration cost for iteration . Assuming safety and mandatory requirements are already satisfied, which stopping rule is most defensible?

Principles of Design Iteration Hard
A. Stop when one iteration produces no statistically significant improvement.
B. Stop when the prototype matches the visual style of the market leader.
C. Stop when the average usability score first exceeds the previous prototype's score.
D. Stop when expected marginal gain falls below marginal cost across credible next tests.

45 An accessibility redesign receives an average satisfaction score of 4.8 out of 5 from an online survey. However, 70% of invited screen-reader users abandoned the survey at an inaccessible authentication step. What analysis is most appropriate?

User Feedback Analysis Hard
A. Impute every nonresponse as neutral and compare the resulting arithmetic mean.
B. Remove accessibility users from the dataset because their responses are incomplete.
C. Accept the score because an average above 4.5 indicates broad accessibility.
D. Report the score with nonresponse bias and separately investigate the abandonment mechanism.

46 A navigation concept has an overall task-success rate of 82%. New users achieve 61%, while expert users achieve 96%, and experts form most of the sample. Which decision best reflects rigorous feedback analysis?

User Feedback Analysis Hard
A. Approve the design because the pooled success rate exceeds 80%.
B. Reject the design because subgroup performance must always be identical.
C. Recruit more experts to make the sample reflect current response proportions.
D. Segment results by target-user mix and redesign for the underserved novice journey.

47 A design-system team refactors a checkout component to reduce duplication. Which validation provides the strongest evidence that the change is refactoring rather than user-facing redesign?

Design Refactoring and Re-Design Hard
A. Customers complete checkout faster after both interaction flow and architecture are changed.
B. Developers report that the new component structure is easier to understand and extend.
C. Internal complexity decreases while contract and regression tests show equivalent observable behavior.
D. The interface adopts new labels while preserving the original source-code organization.

48 A modular medical device is redesigned so that sensor modules can be replaced independently. Which architectural decision most directly prevents future module changes from propagating across the system?

Design Refactoring and Re-Design Hard
A. Combining sensing, display, and storage logic in one optimized controller.
B. Allowing each sensor to change the communication protocol when recalibrated.
C. Using one shared global data model that every module can modify directly.
D. Defining stable interfaces and isolating sensor-specific logic behind adapters.

49 A startup's industrial inspection drone has strong image accuracy, but repeated trials show that flight restrictions prevent operation at 80% of target sites. Customers value the analytics and already capture images manually. Which pivot best preserves validated learning?

Strategic Pivoting and Continuous Improvement Hard
A. Replace the analytics system with a consumer photography application for broader appeal.
B. Offer the analytics platform for customer-captured images instead of requiring drone operation.
C. Target all industries simultaneously to offset inaccessible inspection locations.
D. Add more drone cameras while retaining autonomous flight as the core offering.

50 After a redesign, monthly retention rises from 40% to 48%, but the redesign was released only to users who had already completed onboarding. What should the team do before making a full strategic commitment?

Strategic Pivoting and Continuous Improvement Hard
A. Roll back immediately because selective deployment invalidates every possible insight.
B. Compare revenue before and after launch without controlling for user characteristics.
C. Run a representative controlled rollout and assess retention with guardrail metrics.
D. Treat the eight-point increase as causal because retention is a business outcome.

51 A product team must present the same redesign to executives and implementation engineers. Which communication plan best preserves one design rationale while meeting different audience needs?

Product Presentation and Design Communication Hard
A. Use identical slides and terminology so that no audience receives a different interpretation.
B. Show executives technical schematics and give engineers only market-size projections.
C. Use an evidence-based core narrative, emphasizing strategic outcomes for executives and implementation constraints for engineers.
D. Create unrelated narratives even if they attribute the redesign to conflicting user needs.

52 A prototype reduced median task time from 90 to 72 seconds, but the 95% confidence interval for the reduction is seconds. Which presentation statement is most accurate?

Product Presentation and Design Communication Hard
A. The redesign is significant because the point estimate is greater than zero.
B. The prototype guarantees an 18-second reduction for at least 95% of users.
C. The redesign failed because the interval includes improvements larger than 18 seconds.
D. The observed median improved by 18 seconds, but the estimate remains inconclusive.

53 A presenter has six minutes to explain a complex sustainability product to investors. Which sequence is most likely to create a high-impact, evidence-led presentation?

High-Impact Product Presentation Hard
A. Founder biography, feature inventory, market terminology, prototype video, and appendix.
B. Market forecast, decorative animation, technical glossary, competitor logos, and closing slogan.
C. User problem, quantified stakes, demonstrated solution, validation evidence, and explicit ask.
D. Detailed architecture, company history, problem statement, pricing, and final request.

54 During a live demonstration, a cloud dependency may fail because the venue network is unreliable. Which plan best protects presentation credibility without concealing the limitation?

High-Impact Product Presentation Hard
A. Use a recorded backup, disclose its status, and retain artifacts from prior live tests.
B. Cancel the demonstration and describe only the product's intended future behavior.
C. Present a simulated success as live output and explain the substitution only if questioned.
D. Remove all technical evidence and rely on customer quotations about expected performance.

55 A team states: "Hospital nurses lose 40 minutes per shift locating infusion pumps. Our indoor positioning system reduces search time to 8 minutes. Unlike manual sign-out sheets, it updates locations automatically." Which NABC element is least developed?

NABC Model Hard
A. Benefits, because no measurable improvement is included in the statement.
B. Competition, because alternatives are named but not compared on cost or constraints.
C. Need, because the affected user and current loss are not identified.
D. Approach, because the proposed mechanism is not stated at any level.

56 A water-monitoring product costs $60 per site per month and is expected to prevent an average verified loss of $150 per site per month. A competitor costs $35 and prevents $80 of loss. Ignoring other differences, which NABC benefit comparison is correct?

NABC Model Hard
A. The product creates $150 net monthly value versus the competitor's $80.
B. The product creates $210 net monthly value versus the competitor's $115.
C. The product creates $60 net monthly value versus the competitor's $35.
D. The product creates $90 net monthly value versus the competitor's $45.

57 A 45-second pitch targets a hospital procurement director who is concerned about patient safety, integration risk, and total cost. Which content choice is strongest?

Elevator Pitching and Product Communication Hard
A. List every sensor specification and postpone the clinical outcome until a later meeting.
B. Lead with the safety problem, quantify validated impact, address integration, and request a pilot.
C. Open with the founding story, describe the interface, and close with the company slogan.
D. Claim universal compatibility, omit implementation constraints, and request an immediate rollout.

58 A prototype has been tested with 12 users, 10 of whom completed the target task. Which elevator-pitch claim is both persuasive and epistemically responsible?

Elevator Pitching and Product Communication Hard
A. The product is proven to work for 83% of the global target market.
B. The prototype guarantees adoption because task completion exceeded a simple majority.
C. Initial testing found 10 of 12 users succeeded; a larger pilot is the next validation step.
D. Every customer will complete the task because most participants succeeded.

59 Which evidence structure best demonstrates traceability in a final technical design case study?

Technical Design Case Study and Final Project Presentation Hard
A. A market summary linking competitor names to screenshots of their home pages.
B. A chronological diary linking meeting dates to the number of slides produced.
C. A feature list linking visual components to the designers who created them.
D. A chain linking user needs, requirements, design decisions, tests, and measured outcomes.

60 A final project missed its battery-life target but revealed that a radio module consumed 65% of total energy during idle synchronization. What is the strongest way to present this outcome?

Technical Design Case Study and Final Project Presentation Hard
A. Replace measured consumption with the supplier's nominal value to preserve consistency.
B. Omit the failed target and emphasize only the prototype's successful interface features.
C. Declare the concept invalid because one technical requirement was not achieved.
D. Report the failure, isolate the dominant cause, and propose a testable mitigation with trade-offs.