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Unit 2 - Practice Quiz

CSE320 50 Questions
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1 Which of the following best describes the primary goal of Software Design?

A. To define what the system should do
B. To define how the system will perform its functions
C. To test the system for bugs
D. To gather requirements from the client

2 In the context of software design principles, what does 'Abstraction' refer to?

A. Hiding the implementation details and showing only functionality
B. Breaking a problem into smaller sub-problems
C. Combining multiple modules into one
D. The dependency between two modules

3 Which design principle suggests that a module should hide its internal data and processing details from other modules?

A. Polymorphism
B. Information Hiding
C. Coupling
D. Structured Programming

4 What is the desired relationship between Cohesion and Coupling in a good software design?

A. Low Cohesion, High Coupling
B. High Cohesion, High Coupling
C. Low Cohesion, Low Coupling
D. High Cohesion, Low Coupling

5 Cohesion is a measure of:

A. The relative functional strength of a module
B. The interdependence between modules
C. The number of errors in a module
D. The speed of module execution

6 Which is the worst (lowest) type of cohesion?

A. Functional Cohesion
B. Logical Cohesion
C. Coincidental Cohesion
D. Sequential Cohesion

7 Which is the best (highest) type of cohesion?

A. Communicational Cohesion
B. Functional Cohesion
C. Temporal Cohesion
D. Procedural Cohesion

8 If a module performs a set of tasks that are related by time (e.g., initialization routines), what type of cohesion does it exhibit?

A. Logical Cohesion
B. Temporal Cohesion
C. Procedural Cohesion
D. Sequential Cohesion

9 A module has Communicational Cohesion if:

A. Its elements operate on the same input or produce the same output
B. The output of one element serves as the input to the next
C. The elements are logically categorized together
D. The elements perform a series of steps in a specific sequence

10 Coupling is a measure of:

A. The internal strength of a module
B. The degree of interdependence between modules
C. The complexity of the code algorithms
D. The size of the data structures

11 Which is the worst (tightest) form of coupling?

A. Data Coupling
B. Control Coupling
C. Content Coupling
D. Stamp Coupling

12 Which is the best (loosest) form of coupling?

A. Data Coupling
B. Common Coupling
C. Control Coupling
D. External Coupling

13 Two modules are Common Coupled if:

A. They share the same global data area
B. One passes a flag to control the logic of the other
C. They pass a composite data structure but use only part of it
D. One refers to the inside of the other

14 What type of coupling exists when one module passes a flag to another module to control its execution logic?

A. Stamp Coupling
B. Control Coupling
C. Data Coupling
D. External Coupling

15 Stamp Coupling differs from Data Coupling because:

A. Stamp coupling involves passing global variables
B. Stamp coupling involves passing a complete data structure, but the receiver may not use all of it
C. Stamp coupling involves direct memory access
D. Stamp coupling is looser than Data Coupling

16 Which metric calculates the number of modules that call a specific module?

A. Fan-out
B. Fan-in
C. Cyclomatic Complexity
D. Information Flow

17 What does a high Fan-out () typically indicate in a design?

A. High reusability
B. The module is a utility function
C. High complexity and potential excessive delegation
D. Good modularity

18 In Function-Oriented Design, what is the primary modeling tool used?

A. Use Case Diagrams
B. Data Flow Diagrams (DFD)
C. Sequence Diagrams
D. Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERD)

19 In a DFD, what does a Circle or Rounded Rectangle represent?

A. Data Store
B. External Entity
C. Process / Transform
D. Data Flow

20 What symbol is used to represent an External Entity (Source/Sink) in a DFD?

A. Circle
B. Open-ended Rectangle
C. Square or Rectangle
D. Arrow

21 In a DFD, two parallel lines or an open-ended rectangle represent:

A. A Process
B. A Data Store
C. A Control Flow
D. An Interface

22 A Context Diagram is also known as:

A. Level 0 DFD
B. Level 1 DFD
C. Level 2 DFD
D. Structure Chart

23 Which of the following is a VALID rule for constructing DFDs?

A. Data can flow directly from one external entity to another
B. Data can flow directly from a data store to another data store
C. Data can flow directly from an external entity to a data store
D. All data flows must originate or terminate at a process

24 The process of decomposing a high-level DFD into more detailed lower-level DFDs is called:

A. Balancing
B. Leveling
C. Coupling
D. Structuring

25 What does DFD Balancing ensure?

A. That the system has equal number of inputs and outputs
B. That input and output data flows at a parent level match those at the child level
C. That every process has a name
D. That the diagram fits on one page

26 In a Structure Chart, a rectangular box represents a:

A. Data Flow
B. Decision
C. Module
D. Loop

27 In a Structure Chart, an arrow with a filled circle at the tail represents:

A. Data Couple
B. Control Couple (Flag)
C. Module Call
D. Data Store

28 In a Structure Chart, an arrow with an open (empty) circle at the tail represents:

A. Data Couple
B. Control Couple
C. Recursion
D. Exception

29 Transform Analysis is a design strategy used to convert a __ into a Structure Chart.

A. ER Diagram
B. Data Flow Diagram (DFD)
C. Use Case
D. State Chart

30 In Transform Analysis, the central part of the DFD where the primary work is done is called the:

A. Afferent Branch
B. Efferent Branch
C. Central Transform
D. Transaction Center

31 Input branches in a Structure Chart derived via Transform Analysis are often called:

A. Efferent branches
B. Afferent branches
C. Transaction branches
D. Recursive branches

32 Transaction Analysis is applied when the DFD contains:

A. A sequential flow of data
B. A distinct dispatcher that triggers different paths based on input type
C. Only one process
D. No external entities

33 Which of the following is NOT a component of a standard Structure Chart?

A. Module
B. Library Module
C. Data Flow (Couple)
D. Diamond for decision logic (Condition)

34 The 'Span of Control' in a modular design refers to:

A. The number of lines of code in a module
B. The number of immediate subordinates a module controls (Fan-out)
C. The depth of the module hierarchy
D. The number of global variables used

35 When designing for Module Independence, what is the primary objective?

A. Maximize Coupling, Minimize Cohesion
B. Minimize Coupling, Maximize Cohesion
C. Minimize both Coupling and Cohesion
D. Maximize both Coupling and Cohesion

36 Which design documentation standard is widely used for specifying software design (SDD)?

A. IEEE 830
B. IEEE 1016
C. ISO 9001
D. IEEE 1058

37 A Design Walkthrough is characterized as:

A. A formal evaluation led by a moderator
B. An informal meeting led by the author to explain the design
C. A computer-assisted simulation
D. A managerial review of the budget

38 What is the primary role of a Fagan Inspection in design review?

A. To train new employees
B. To formally find defects using a strict process with defined roles
C. To discuss future feature requests
D. To automatically generate code

39 Which represents a design trade-off commonly faced?

A. Efficiency vs. Maintainability
B. Correctness vs. Accuracy
C. Documentation vs. Comments
D. Design vs. Analysis

40 In a DFD, the 'Data Dictionary' is used to:

A. Draw the diagrams
B. Define the structure and content of all data flows and stores
C. Compile the code
D. Schedule project tasks

41 Which type of cohesion involves elements that are related only because they are grouped in the same file to ensure they are not scattered?

A. Logical
B. Coincidental
C. Functional
D. Communicational

42 If module A selects a specific function of module B to execute (e.g., by passing an operation code 1 for add, 2 for delete), this is an example of:

A. Data Coupling
B. Stamp Coupling
C. Control Coupling
D. Content Coupling

43 The factoring of a control module in a structure chart generally results in:

A. Moving decision-making down to lower levels
B. Moving decision-making up and work down
C. Eliminating all global variables
D. Converting the chart to a DFD

44 Which symbol represents a repeated or iterative invocation of a module in extended Structure Chart notations?

A. Curved arrow around the connection
B. Diamond
C. Double rectangle
D. Dashed line

45 Procedural Cohesion occurs when:

A. Elements constitute a single mathematical function
B. Elements are part of a specific sequence of execution (algorithm)
C. Elements share the same output data
D. Elements are executed at the same time

46 Which of the following is NOT a benefit of high modularity?

A. Easier testing
B. Higher complexity
C. Better maintainability
D. Reusability

47 In the context of Structured Design, what is a 'Ripple Effect'?

A. The sound made by cooling fans
B. The propagation of errors or changes throughout the system due to high coupling
C. The flow of data in a DFD
D. The hierarchy of modules

48 A module with Logical Cohesion typically implements:

A. A series of unrelated tasks
B. Several activities of the same general category (e.g., all input routines)
C. A single function
D. Tasks related by flow of data

49 In a DFD, if a data flow is labeled 'Invoice Details', it represents:

A. The movement of the 'Invoice Details' data packet
B. The process of creating an invoice
C. The database storing invoices
D. The customer entity

50 Which design review technique focuses specifically on the logic, data usage, and interface correctness of the design before coding begins?

A. Unit Testing
B. Critical Design Review (CDR)
C. Integration Testing
D. Acceptance Testing
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