1 $What is the primary goal of DevOps in software development?$

A.

To separate development and operations teams completely

B.

To increase the time between software releases

C.

To shorten the systems development life cycle and provide continuous delivery

D.

To focus solely on manual testing processes

2 $How does DevOps differ from the traditional Waterfall model ?$

A.

DevOps is sequential, while Waterfall is iterative

B.

Waterfall encourages collaboration, while DevOps creates silos

C.

DevOps promotes continuous integration and deployment, whereas Waterfall is a linear, sequential approach

D.

There is no difference between them

3 $Which of the following tools is primarily used for Version Control ?$

A.

Docker

B.

Git

C.

Nagios

D.

Selenium

4 $Which tool is widely used for Containerization, allowing applications to run in isolated environments?$

A.

Maven

B.

Docker

C.

Puppet

D.

Ansible

5 $In the context of DevOps, what does CI stand for?$

A.

Continuous Integration

B.

Code Inspection

C.

Continuous Improvement

D.

Central Intelligence

6 $Which tool is primarily used for build automation, specifically for Java projects?$

A.

Selenium

B.

Maven

C.

Nagios

D.

Kubernetes

7 $What is the primary function of Selenium ?$

A.

Container Orchestration

B.

Infrastructure Monitoring

C.

Automated Web Browser Testing

D.

Configuration Management

8 $Which of the following is an open-source configuration management tool that uses a pull-based model?$

A.

Puppet

B.

Git

C.

Maven

D.

Selenium

9 $What is a key characteristic of Ansible regarding agents?$

A.

It requires heavy agents on every node

B.

It is agentless

C.

It only works on Windows

D.

It is a manual testing tool

10 $Which tool is known as a Container Orchestration system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications?$

A.

Nagios

B.

Git

C.

Kubernetes

D.

Maven

11 $What is the primary role of Nagios in a DevOps environment?$

A.

Source Code Management

B.

Continuous Monitoring and Alerting

C.

Build Automation

D.

Test Case Design

12 $In the DevOps lifecycle, which stage typically follows 'Build'?$

A.

Plan

B.

Code

C.

Test

D.

Monitor

13 $What is the main advantage of Automation in DevOps?$

A.

It increases the need for manual intervention

B.

It slows down the deployment process

C.

It reduces human error and increases speed/efficiency

D.

It eliminates the need for developers

14 $Which of the following is NOT a phase in the DevOps Lifecycle ?$

A.

Continuous Development

B.

Continuous Testing

C.

Continuous Stagnation

D.

Continuous Monitoring

15 $What is the formal definition of Software Testing ?$

A.

Writing code to build an application

B.

The process of executing a program with the intent of finding errors

C.

Designing the user interface

D.

Managing the server infrastructure

16 $Which of the following is a primary Objective of Testing ?$

A.

To prove that the software has zero bugs

B.

To punish developers for mistakes

C.

To ensure the software meets requirements and satisfies the customer

D.

To increase the cost of the project

17 $If is the number of defects found, testing can prove:$

A.

(Absence of defects)

B.

The presence of defects

C.

The code is efficient

D.

The software will never fail

18 $Which level of testing is performed on individual modules or components of source code?$

A.

System Testing

B.

Unit Testing

C.

Integration Testing

D.

Acceptance Testing

19 $Which testing type combines individual units and tests them as a group?$

A.

Unit Testing

B.

Integration Testing

C.

User Acceptance Testing

D.

Smoke Testing

20 $White Box Testing is also known as:$

A.

Behavioral Testing

B.

Glass Box or Structural Testing

C.

Data-Driven Testing

D.

Beta Testing

21 $Testing performed without knowledge of the internal workings of the application is called:$

A.

White Box Testing

B.

Black Box Testing

C.

Unit Testing

D.

Code Review

22 $Which testing checks if the software satisfies the business requirements and is ready for delivery?$

A.

Unit Testing

B.

Integration Testing

C.

Acceptance Testing

D.

Regression Testing

23 $What is Regression Testing ?$

A.

Testing a new feature only

B.

Testing to ensure that recent code changes have not adversely affected existing features

C.

Testing the system at peak load

D.

Testing the user interface design

24 $In the context of Manual vs. Automation testing, which scenario is best suited for Automation ?$

A.

Exploratory testing where requirements are changing

B.

Usability testing requiring human observation

C.

Repetitive regression test cases executed frequently

D.

Ad-hoc testing

25 $What is Manual Testing ?$

A.

Using scripts to run tests

B.

A human tester manually executing test cases without tools

C.

Testing performed by AI

D.

Using Selenium for checking login

26 $A Test Case generally consists of:$

A.

Only the pass/fail status

B.

Test Case ID, Preconditions, Test Steps, Expected Result

C.

The source code of the application

D.

The developer's contact information

27 $In Test Case Design, what is Boundary Value Analysis ?$

A.

Testing random values

B.

Testing values at the extreme ends (boundaries) of input domains

C.

Testing the middle value of a range

D.

Reviewing the code structure

28 $Consider a system accepting age input . Which set of values represents valid Equivalence Partitioning for invalid inputs?$

A.

20, 30, 40

B.

18, 60

C.

17, 61

D.

19, 59

29 $What is the first state in a standard Defect Life Cycle ?$

A.

Open

B.

New

C.

Fixed

D.

Closed

30 $In the Defect Life Cycle, what does the status'Reopen' indicate?$

A.

The developer has fixed the bug

B.

The bug was not a real bug

C.

The bug still exists after the developer claimed to fix it

D.

The bug is postponed to the next release

31 $What does CD stand for in the CI/CD pipeline?$

A.

Continuous Design

B.

Continuous Delivery / Continuous Deployment

C.

Code Debugging

D.

Central Database

32 $Which file is the core configuration file for Maven ?$

A.

package.json

B.

pom.xml

C.

build.gradle

D.

docker-compose.yml

33 $Which of the following describes an'Artifact' in DevOps/Maven?$

A.

A software bug

B.

A document describing the project

C.

A deployable component like a JAR or WAR file generated by the build

D.

A user manual

34 $What concept does Git use to create an independent line of development?$

A.

Trunk

B.

Branch

C.

Fork

D.

Clone

35 $In Docker, what is the difference between an Image and a Container?$

A.

They are the same thing

B.

An Image is a running instance; a Container is a read-only template

C.

An Image is a read-only template; a Container is a runnable instance of an image

D.

Images are for Windows, Containers are for Linux

36 $Which DevOps tool uses'Playbooks' written in YAML?$

A.

Jenkins

B.

Git

C.

Ansible

D.

Nagios

37 $What is the basic operational unit in Kubernetes ?$

A.

Node

B.

Cluster

C.

Pod

D.

Container

38 $Smoke Testing is also referred to as:$

A.

Performance Testing

B.

Build Verification Testing

C.

Stress Testing

D.

Security Testing

39 $Which career role focuses on bridging the gap between coding and testing, often writing automated test scripts?$

A.

Business Analyst

B.

SDET (Software Development Engineer in Test)

C.

Project Manager

D.

UI Designer

40 $Which technical skill is highly valuable for a DevOps Engineer ?$

A.

Photoshop

B.

Scripting (Bash/Python) and Cloud knowledge

C.

Accounting

D.

Video Editing

41 $When a defect is assigned to a developer, what is the next logical status after they resolve it?$

A.

Closed

B.

Fixed

C.

New

D.

Deferred

42 $Which type of testing verifies that the system can handle expected traffic volume?$

A.

Load Testing

B.

Unit Testing

C.

Sanity Testing

D.

Compatibility Testing

43 $What is Alpha Testing ?$

A.

Testing performed by end-users at their own site

B.

Testing performed by the development team/internal testers at the developer's site

C.

Testing performed by robots

D.

Testing the database only

44 $Why is Communication considered a critical soft skill in DevOps?$

A.

It is not important

B.

Because DevOps relies on breaking down silos between Dev and Ops teams

C.

Because computers respond to voice commands

D.

To write longer emails

45 $In Git, which command uploads local repository content to a remote repository?$

A.

git pull

B.

git fetch

C.

git push

D.

git commit

46 $Which of the following is an application of software testing in IT companies?$

A.

Reducing the lifespan of hardware

B.

Ensuring compliance with industry standards (e.g., ISO, GDPR)

C.

Increasing the number of employees

D.

Replacing developers

47 $What is a'Manifest' in the context of Puppet?$

A.

A compiled binary

B.

A list of passengers

C.

Files containing configuration code (written in Puppet DSL)

D.

A log file

48 $Which testing level is most likely to find interface defects between two distinct systems?$

A.

Unit Testing

B.

Integration Testing

C.

Unit Testing

D.

Monkey Testing

49 $In the defect life cycle, if a bug is deemed not important enough to fix in the current release, it is marked as:$

A.

Rejected

B.

Duplicate

C.

Deferred

D.

Verified

50 $Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using Nagios ?$

A.

Detecting infrastructure outages

B.

Alerting technical staff via email/SMS

C.

Automatically writing code for developers

D.

Monitoring network protocols (SMTP, HTTP, etc.)

Unit 4 - Practice Quiz