1 $The term'Biodiversity' was popularized by which socio-biologist?$

A.

Edward Wilson

B.

Norman Myers

C.

Arthur Tansley

D.

Ernst Haeckel

2 $Which of the following levels of biodiversity refers to the variation of genes within a species?$

A.

Species diversity

B.

Genetic diversity

C.

Ecosystem diversity

D.

Community diversity

3 $The diversity at the level of community and ecosystem, such as the variety of habitats (forests, coral reefs, wetlands), is known as:$

A.

Genetic diversity

B.

Molecular diversity

C.

Ecosystem diversity

D.

Alpha diversity

4 $Which diversity index accounts for the species richness within a specific local community or habitat?$

A.

(Alpha) diversity

B.

(Beta) diversity

C.

(Gamma) diversity

D.

(Delta) diversity

5 $The production of oxygen by plants through photosynthesis is an example of which type of ecosystem service?$

A.

Provisioning service

B.

Regulating service

C.

Cultural service

D.

Supportive service

6 $The direct utilization of timber, firewood, and food from the forest is an example of which value of biodiversity?$

A.

Productive use value

B.

Consumptive use value

C.

Social value

D.

Ethical value

7 $Drugs like Quinine (for malaria) and Taxol (for cancer) derived from plants represent which value of biodiversity?$

A.

Aesthetic value

B.

Option value

C.

Informational/Medicinal value

D.

Social value

8 $Who introduced the concept of'Biodiversity Hotspots' ?$

A.

Norman Myers

B.

Charles Darwin

C.

Rachel Carson

D.

Ramdeo Misra

9 $Which of the following is NOT a criterion for a region to be declared a Biodiversity Hotspot?$

A.

It must contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics.

B.

It must have lost at least 70% of its original primary vegetation.

C.

It must be located in the tropical region only.

D.

It must be under severe threat.

10 $How many Biodiversity Hotspots are officially recognized in India (including those shared with neighboring countries)?$

A.

2

B.

3

C.

4

D.

10

11 $Which of the following is considered the most significant cause of driving animals and plants to extinction (The Evil Quartet)?$

A.

Habitat loss and fragmentation

B.

Over-exploitation

C.

Alien species invasions

D.

Co-extinctions

12 $The illegal hunting, killing, or capturing of wild animals is known as:$

A.

Culling

B.

Poaching

C.

Harvesting

D.

Foraging

13 $The introduction of the Nile Perch into Lake Victoria led to the extinction of nearly 200 species of Cichlid fish. This is an example of:$

A.

Habitat fragmentation

B.

Biological invasion

C.

Over-exploitation

D.

Co-extinction

14 $Which weed species, introduced in India, has become a major invasive threat to native biodiversity?$

A.

Ocimum sanctum

B.

Azadirachta indica

C.

Lantana camara

D.

Ficus benghalensis

15 $Human-Wildlife Conflict is primarily caused by:$

A.

Increase in forest area

B.

Encroachment of human settlements into wildlife habitats

C.

Decrease in human population

D.

Abundance of prey for carnivores

16 $The IUCN publishes which document containing the conservation status of species?$

A.

Green Data Book

B.

Blue Data Book

C.

Red Data Book

D.

Yellow Data Book

17 $A species is considered'Extinct' when:$

A.

It is found only in captivity.

B.

The last individual has died.

C.

Its population has declined by 50%.

D.

It is found only in one location.

18 $According to IUCN, a species facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future is classified as:$

A.

Vulnerable

B.

Endangered

C.

Critically Endangered

D.

Near Threatened

19 $Species with small populations that are not presently endangered or vulnerable but are at risk are often termed:$

A.

Rare species

B.

Extinct species

C.

Least concern

D.

Dominant species

20 $What does the term EDGE species stand for?$

A.

Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered

B.

Ecologically Distinct and Globally Extinct

C.

Endangered Demographically and Genetically Erosion

D.

Environmentally Distinct and Genetically Endangered

21 $Which of the following is an example of In-situ conservation?$

A.

Botanical Garden

B.

Zoological Park

C.

National Park

D.

Seed Bank

22 $Conservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats is known as:$

A.

In-situ conservation

B.

Ex-situ conservation

C.

On-site conservation

D.

Natural conservation

23 $Which of the following is a method of Ex-situ conservation?$

A.

Biosphere Reserve

B.

Sacred Grove

C.

Wildlife Sanctuary

D.

Cryopreservation

24 $Sacred Groves are an example of:$

A.

Ex-situ conservation

B.

Traditional In-situ conservation

C.

Government-run Zoos

D.

Gene Banks

25 $How many Biogeographic Zones is India divided into?$

A.

5

B.

8

C.

10

D.

15

26 $Which Biogeographic zone in India covers the largest area?$

A.

The Himalayas

B.

The Deccan Peninsula

C.

The Gangetic Plain

D.

The Western Ghats

27 $Which of the following makes India a Mega Diversity Nation ?$

A.

Low human population

B.

Presence of only one type of forest

C.

High level of endemism and species richness

D.

Lack of marine ecosystems

28 $The Western Ghats are famous for high diversity in which group of animals?$

A.

Amphibians

B.

Desert Lizards

C.

Polar Bears

D.

Camels

29 $Species confined to a specific region and not found anywhere else are called:$

A.

Exotic species

B.

Endemic species

C.

Invasive species

D.

Cosmopolitan species

30 $Which zone of a Biosphere Reserve allows no human activity?$

A.

Buffer Zone

B.

Transition Zone

C.

Core Zone

D.

Tourism Zone

31 $The One-Horned Rhinoceros is primarily conserved in which National Park?$

A.

Jim Corbett National Park

B.

Kaziranga National Park

C.

Gir National Park

D.

Periyar National Park

32 $Project Tiger was launched in India in the year:$

A.

1973

B.

1980

C.

1992

D.

2002

33 $The Lion-tailed Macaque is an endangered species endemic to:$

A.

Eastern Himalayas

B.

Western Ghats

C.

Sundarbans

D.

Thar Desert

34 $Which international treaty was signed at the Earth Summit (1992) regarding biodiversity?$

A.

Kyoto Protocol

B.

Montreal Protocol

C.

Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

D.

Paris Agreement

35 $A species whose removal causes the collapse of an entire ecosystem is known as a:$

A.

Keystone species

B.

Flagship species

C.

Introduced species

D.

Rare species

36 $The extinction of the Dodo bird is attributed primarily to:$

A.

Climate Change

B.

Hunting by humans and introduced species

C.

Volcanic eruption

D.

Disease

37 $Which value of biodiversity relates to the feelings of wonder and spiritual enrichment inspired by nature?$

A.

Economic value

B.

Aesthetic value

C.

Consumptive value

D.

Productive value

38 $In the context of threats to biodiversity, what does HIPPO stand for?$

A.

Habitat loss, Invasive species, Pollution, Population, Overharvesting

B.

Hunting, Irrigation, Poaching, People, Oxygen

C.

Heat, Ice, Plants, People, Ozone

D.

Habitat, Insects, Predators, Parasites, Organisms

39 $Which of the following is a Vulnerable species in India?$

A.

Extinct Dodo

B.

Asiatic Elephant

C.

Domestic Cow

D.

House Crow

40 $India comprises approximately what percentage of the world's land area?$

A.

2.4%

B.

10%

C.

15%

D.

25%

41 $What is the primary difference between a National Park and a Wildlife Sanctuary?$

A.

Sanctuaries do not allow any human activity; Parks do.

B.

National Parks have stricter protection; usually no human rights are allowed.

C.

Sanctuaries are only for plants; Parks are for animals.

D.

There is no difference.

42 $The Asiatic Lion is found only in:$

A.

Sundarbans

B.

Gir National Park

C.

Kanha National Park

D.

Manas Sanctuary

43 $Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem service categorized as Regulating ?$

A.

Food production

B.

Climate regulation and flood control

C.

Spiritual inspiration

D.

Nutrient cycling

44 $A Gene Bank is a facility that stores:$

A.

Money for conservation

B.

Genetic material (seeds, sperm, eggs)

C.

Documents about species

D.

Preserved dead animals

45 $Co-extinction refers to:$

A.

Two species evolving together

B.

The extinction of one species leading to the extinction of another obligatorily associated with it

C.

Two species fighting until death

D.

Mass extinction due to meteors

46 $The Biological Diversity Act of India was enacted in:$

A.

1972

B.

1980

C.

2002

D.

2010

47 $Which biogeographic zone includes the Thar Desert ?$

A.

Semi-Arid

B.

Desert

C.

Deccan Peninsula

D.

Gangetic Plain

48 $The medicinal plant Rauvolfia serpentina, used to treat hypertension, is a classic example of:$

A.

Genetic diversity within a medicinal plant

B.

An invasive species

C.

An extinct species

D.

A non-economic plant

49 $What is the primary function of the Buffer Zone in a Biosphere Reserve?$

A.

Strict protection with no human entry

B.

Research and education with limited human activity

C.

Urban development and heavy industry

D.

Waste disposal

50 $Which equation is often used to calculate Species Diversity (Shannon-Wiener Index)?$

A.

B.

C.

D.

Unit 3 - Practice Quiz