1Which keyword is used to define a function in Python?
A.define
B.def
C.func
D.function
Correct Answer: def
Explanation:
In Python, the 'def' keyword is used to start the definition of a function.
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2What is the correct syntax to define a function named 'my_func'?
A.function my_func():
B.create my_func():
C.def my_func():
D.def my_func[]:
Correct Answer: def my_func():
Explanation:
The correct syntax uses 'def', followed by the function name, parentheses (), and a colon :.
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3What happens when a function is called without a return statement?
A.It returns 0
B.It returns None
C.It throws an error
D.It returns False
Correct Answer: It returns None
Explanation:
In Python, if a function does not explicitly return a value, it implicitly returns 'None'.
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4What is the output of: int(3.99)?
A.4
B.3
C.3.99
D.Error
Correct Answer: 3
Explanation:
The int() function truncates the decimal part of a float, returning the integer part.
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5The process of automatically converting one data type to another is known as?
A.Type Coercion
B.Type Casting
C.Type Definition
D.Type Check
Correct Answer: Type Coercion
Explanation:
Type Coercion is the automatic or implicit conversion of values from one data type to another (e.g., adding an int to a float results in a float).
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6Which standard library module contains mathematical functions like sin, cos, and sqrt?
A.mathematics
B.sys
C.math
D.calc
Correct Answer: math
Explanation:
The 'math' module provides access to the mathematical functions defined by the C standard.
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7What is the result of type(3 + 2.0)?
A.<class 'number'>
B.<class 'str'>
C.<class 'int'>
D.<class 'float'>
Correct Answer: <class 'float'>
Explanation:
When an integer is added to a float, Python coerces the integer to a float, resulting in a float.
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8In a function definition def func(a, b):, what are a and b called?
A.Literals
B.Parameters
C.Arguments
D.Operators
Correct Answer: Parameters
Explanation:
Variables defined in the function declaration are called parameters.
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9When calling func(10, 20), what are 10 and 20 called?
A.Variables
B.Parameters
C.Arguments
D.Keywords
Correct Answer: Arguments
Explanation:
The actual values passed to the function during a function call are called arguments.
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10What does the math.ceil(4.2) function return?
A.4.0
B.4.2
C.5
D.4
Correct Answer: 5
Explanation:
math.ceil(x) returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to x.
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11What does the math.floor(4.9) function return?
A.4
B.5.0
C.4.9
D.5
Correct Answer: 4
Explanation:
math.floor(x) returns the largest integer less than or equal to x.
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12What is a base case in recursion?
A.The most complex version of the problem
B.The first line of the function
C.The import statement
D.The condition that stops the recursion
Correct Answer: The condition that stops the recursion
Explanation:
A base case is a condition in a recursive function that stops the recursion by returning a value without making a recursive call.
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13What error occurs if a recursive function has no base case?
A.ValueError
B.TypeError
C.SyntaxError
D.RecursionError
Correct Answer: RecursionError
Explanation:
Infinite recursion leads to a stack overflow, which Python raises as a RecursionError: maximum recursion depth exceeded.
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14Which of the following allows a function to accept an arbitrary number of positional arguments?
A.args[]
B.*params
C.*args
D.**kwargs
Correct Answer: *args
Explanation:
The single asterisk * before a parameter name (conventionally *args) collects extra positional arguments into a tuple.
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15Which of the following allows a function to accept an arbitrary number of keyword arguments?
A.kwargs{}
B.**kwargs
C.*args
D.&kwargs
Correct Answer: **kwargs
Explanation:
The double asterisk ** before a parameter name (conventionally **kwargs) collects extra keyword arguments into a dictionary.
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16What is the output of str(10) + str(10)?
A.1010
B.10 + 10
C.20
D.Error
Correct Answer: 1010
Explanation:
The str() function converts integers to strings. The + operator concatenates strings, resulting in '1010'.
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17What is the scope of a variable defined inside a function?
A.Local
B.Global
C.Universal
D.Static
Correct Answer: Local
Explanation:
Variables defined inside a function are local to that function and cannot be accessed outside it.
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18How do you define a global variable inside a function?
A.Declaring it in uppercase
B.It is not possible
C.Using the global keyword
D.Using the extern keyword
Correct Answer: Using the global keyword
Explanation:
The global keyword allows a user to modify a variable outside the current scope.
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19Which function is used to calculate x to the power of y in the math module?
A.math.power(x, y)
B.math.exp(x, y)
C.math.sqr(x, y)
D.math.pow(x, y)
Correct Answer: math.pow(x, y)
Explanation:
math.pow(x, y) returns x raised to the power of y as a float.
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20What is the output of abs(-7.5)?
A.-7.5
B.7
C.7.5
D.8
Correct Answer: 7.5
Explanation:
The built-in abs() function returns the absolute (positive) value of a number.
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21Consider def f(x=10): return x. What is the result of f(5)?
A.Error
B.5
C.10
D.15
Correct Answer: 5
Explanation:
The argument 5 overrides the default parameter value 10.
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22Consider def f(x=10): return x. What is the result of f()?
A.10
B.None
C.5
D.Error
Correct Answer: 10
Explanation:
Since no argument is provided, the default parameter value 10 is used.
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23What does math.sqrt(16) return?
A.4.0
B.16
C.256
D.4
Correct Answer: 4.0
Explanation:
math.sqrt() returns the square root as a float.
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24Which term describes passing arguments by name, like func(name='John')?
A.Positional arguments
B.Default arguments
C.Keyword arguments
D.Variable arguments
Correct Answer: Keyword arguments
Explanation:
Keyword arguments allow you to pass arguments using the parameter name.
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25What is the purpose of the return keyword?
A.To define a parameter
B.To print a value to the console
C.To exit the function and pass back a value
D.To repeat the function
Correct Answer: To exit the function and pass back a value
Explanation:
return exits the function execution and sends the specified value back to the caller.
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26What is explicit type conversion?
A.Conversion done manually by the programmer using functions like int()
B.Defining a function
C.Automatic conversion by the interpreter
D.Converting string to list
Correct Answer: Conversion done manually by the programmer using functions like int()
Explanation:
Explicit conversion (type casting) requires the programmer to specify the target type.
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27Recursive functions must move towards the base case to avoid:
A.Compiler errors
B.Memory leaks
C.Syntax errors
D.Infinite recursion
Correct Answer: Infinite recursion
Explanation:
If the recursive step doesn't reduce the problem size toward the base case, the function calls itself indefinitely.
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28Which mathematical constant is available as math.pi?
A.1.618...
B.2.71828...
C.1.414...
D.3.14159...
Correct Answer: 3.14159...
Explanation:
math.pi represents the mathematical constant π (pi).
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29What is the output of bool(0)?
A.None
B.0
C.True
D.False
Correct Answer: False
Explanation:
In Python, the integer 0 is considered falsy, so bool(0) returns False.
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30What is the output of bool(5)?
A.False
B.True
C.None
D.5
Correct Answer: True
Explanation:
Non-zero numbers are considered truthy in Python.
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31Which statement correctly calls a function named calculate with argument 5?
A.calculate[5]
B.call calculate(5)
C.def calculate(5)
D.calculate(5)
Correct Answer: calculate(5)
Explanation:
Functions are called by writing their name followed by parentheses containing the arguments.
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32Can a Python function return multiple values?
A.Yes, as a tuple
B.No, only one value
C.No, it causes an error
D.Yes, as a string only
Correct Answer: Yes, as a tuple
Explanation:
Python functions can return multiple values separated by commas, which are packed into a tuple.
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33What is a 'docstring' in a function?
A.A string passed as an argument
B.A string variable defined inside the function
C.Documentation string appearing as the first statement in a function
D.An error message string
Correct Answer: Documentation string appearing as the first statement in a function
Explanation:
A docstring is a string literal used to document a function, usually enclosed in triple quotes.
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34What is the factorial of 0 (math.factorial(0))?
A.Error
B.undefined
C.0
D.1
Correct Answer: 1
Explanation:
Mathematically, 0! is defined as 1.
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35What is Indirect Recursion?
A.Recursion without a return statement
B.Function A calls Function A
C.Function A calls Function B, and Function B calls Function A
D.A function loop
Correct Answer: Function A calls Function B, and Function B calls Function A
Explanation:
Indirect recursion occurs when functions call each other in a cycle.
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36What will float(5) return?
A.5.0
B.Error
C.5
D.Integer 5
Correct Answer: 5.0
Explanation:
The float() constructor converts the integer 5 to a floating-point number 5.0.
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37Which of the following creates an anonymous function?
A.func
B.def
C.anon
D.lambda
Correct Answer: lambda
Explanation:
The lambda keyword is used to create small, anonymous functions.
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38In the expression x = y = z = 0, what is the value of x?
A.Undefined
B.None
C.Error
D.0
Correct Answer: 0
Explanation:
Python allows chained assignment; all variables are assigned the value 0.
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39What is the correct way to import only the sqrt function from the math module?
A.using math.sqrt
B.include math.sqrt
C.from math import sqrt
D.import math.sqrt
Correct Answer: from math import sqrt
Explanation:
The from ... import ... syntax allows importing specific attributes or functions from a module.
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40If a function definition uses *args, what is the data type of args inside the function?
A.Tuple
B.Dictionary
C.Set
D.List
Correct Answer: Tuple
Explanation:
*args collects positional arguments into a tuple.
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41If a function definition uses **kwargs, what is the data type of kwargs inside the function?
A.Tuple
B.Dictionary
C.Set
D.List
Correct Answer: Dictionary
Explanation:
**kwargs collects keyword arguments into a dictionary.
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42Which built-in function returns the length of a list or string?
A.count()
B.len()
C.length()
D.size()
Correct Answer: len()
Explanation:
len() is the standard built-in function to get the length of a sequence.
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43What is the result of int('101', 2)?
A.Error
B.5
C.101
D.2
Correct Answer: 5
Explanation:
int() can take a second argument specifying the base. Binary '101' equals decimal 5.
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44What is the major disadvantage of using recursion over iteration?
A.Recursion is harder to write
B.Recursion cannot solve math problems
C.Recursion is always slower
D.Recursion uses more memory (stack space)
Correct Answer: Recursion uses more memory (stack space)
Explanation:
Each recursive call adds a new frame to the call stack, which consumes memory and can lead to stack overflow.
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45What is the output of: def func(a, b=5, c=10): return a + b + c followed by func(1, 2)?
A.3
B.Error
C.13
D.8
Correct Answer: 13
Explanation:
a gets 1, b gets 2 (overriding default), c uses default 10. 1 + 2 + 10 = 13.
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46Can positional arguments follow keyword arguments in a function call?
A.Only if they are integers
B.No
C.Yes
D.Only in recursive functions
Correct Answer: No
Explanation:
In a function call, positional arguments must appear before keyword arguments.
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47Which function converts a character to its ASCII/Unicode integer value?
A.asc()
B.int()
C.chr()
D.ord()
Correct Answer: ord()
Explanation:
ord() takes a single character string and returns its integer code point.
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48Which function converts an integer ASCII/Unicode value to a character?
A.ord()
B.char()
C.chr()
D.str()
Correct Answer: chr()
Explanation:
chr() takes an integer and returns the corresponding string character.
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49What is the default recursion limit in Python usually set to?
A.10000
B.Unlimited
C.1000
D.100
Correct Answer: 1000
Explanation:
The default recursion limit is typically 1000 to prevent infinite recursion from crashing the C stack.
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50What is the value of math.fmod(10, 3)?
A.1.0
B.1
C.0
D.3
Correct Answer: 1.0
Explanation:
math.fmod returns the floating-point remainder of division. 10 % 3 is 1.
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