Unit 3: Linux File System and File Management - Practice Quiz

1 In Linux, the entire file system starts from a single top-level directory. What is this directory called?

2 Which directory typically stores the personal files and subdirectories of regular users?

3 Which directory is used to store system-wide configuration files?

4 The /tmp directory is primarily used to store which type of files?

5 Which directory commonly contains variable data such as log files, spool files, and mail?

6 Which directory mainly holds essential user command binaries like ls, cp, and cat?

7 The /sbin directory typically stores binaries intended mainly for which type of user?

8 Which of the following is an example of an absolute path?

9 In a relative path, what does the symbol .. represent?

10 What does the pwd command display?

11 Which command is used to change the current working directory?

12 Which command lists the contents of a directory?

13 Which command is used to create a new directory?

14 The rmdir command is used to remove a directory only when the directory is:

15 What is the most common use of the touch command?

16 Which command is commonly used to display the contents of a text file on the screen?

17 Which command is used to copy files from one location to another?

18 Besides moving files, the mv command is also commonly used to:

19 Which command is used to delete (remove) files in Linux?

20 What does the clear command do in the terminal?

21 A system administrator needs to store a third-party application that is not part of the default distribution. Which directory is conventionally intended for such optional add-on software packages?

22 Log files, mail spools, and print queues that constantly change in size are typically found under which directory?

23 You are currently in /home/user/projects. Which command uses a relative path to move to /home/user/documents?

24 Which of the following is an example of an absolute path?

25 A user runs rmdir myfolder but receives the error Directory not empty. What is the most appropriate reason?

26 Which command correctly copies an entire directory data along with all its subdirectories into /backup?

27 In a single directory, a user runs mv report.txt summary.txt where summary.txt does not yet exist. What is the result?

28 Which ls command lists all files including hidden ones in a long, detailed format?

29 Which command finds all files ending in .log within /var and its subdirectories?

30 You want a human-readable report of free and used space on all mounted filesystems. Which command is best?

31 Which command estimates the total disk space consumed by a specific directory called photos?

32 A user runs touch notes.txt on a file that already exists. What happens?

33 Which command displays the contents of file1.txt and file2.txt combined into one output stream?

34 Which command re-executes the command that was numbered 45 in your shell history?

35 A regular user wants to switch to the root account with root's full environment loaded. Which command is correct?

36 Which tree command displays the directory structure limited to only 2 levels of depth?

37 Which command creates the nested directory path project/src/main in one step, even if the parent directories do not exist?

38 Which command forcibly deletes a directory oldapp and everything inside it without prompting?

39 In the Linux filesystem hierarchy, what does the single character / at the very top represent?

40 In a shell script, what does the command read name do when executed?

41 A system administrator notices that /var is filling up rapidly on a busy web server. Which combination of contents is most likely responsible for this growth?

42 The current working directory is /home/user/projects. After running cd ../../etc, then cd ./network, what is the resulting absolute path (assuming it exists)?

43 A user runs rm -rf /tmp/data / (with an accidental space before the final /). Assuming no protection flags are active, what is the intended target versus the actual danger?

44 You run df -h and see / at 100% full, but du -sh / reports far less than the disk capacity. What is the most likely explanation?

45 Which find command correctly locates all regular files under /var/log modified in the last 24 hours and larger than 10 MB, then deletes them?

46 You want to copy directory src to dest while preserving all attributes (permissions, timestamps, ownership, symlinks) and recursing into subdirectories. Which single option achieves this most completely?

47 In directory /data containing files a.txt and b.txt, you run mv a.txt b.txt. What happens?

48 You attempt rmdir /project/build but get Directory not empty. The directory contains only empty subdirectories a/, b/, and c/. Which command removes the whole tree using rmdir semantics?

49 Which ls command lists all entries (including hidden), sorts by modification time with newest last, and shows sizes in human-readable form in long format?

50 What is the key behavioral difference between su user and su - user?

51 A user wants to re-execute the command that was run 3 commands ago in the current session. Which shell shortcut does this correctly in bash?

52 Which tree command displays only directories (no files), limited to 2 levels of depth, including hidden directories?

53 In a bash script, the line read -p "Name: " -t 5 name behaves how?

54 Which command uses cat with a here-document to write two lines into file.txt, overwriting any existing content?

55 According to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), which directory is intended to be mountable read-only and shareable across multiple hosts because it contains no host-specific or variable data?

56 You run touch -t 202401011200.30 report.log on an existing file. What is the effect?

57 Which command creates the nested path /app/config/db in one step even if /app and /app/config do not yet exist, and sets permissions to 755?

58 A directory /data/real has a symlink /data/link pointing to it. You cd /data/link then run pwd and pwd -P. What do they output respectively?

59 Which command reports the total apparent size (not disk-allocated blocks) of a directory /backup in a single summarized human-readable line?

60 During early boot before /usr is mounted, the system must run essential recovery and administrative binaries. Which pair of directories was historically kept on the root filesystem specifically to guarantee these binaries are available at that stage?