Unit 1: Network basics - Practice Quiz

1 Which characteristic of data communication means that data must reach the correct destination?

2 Which characteristic refers to variation in the arrival time of packets?

3 Which component of a data communication system carries data from sender to receiver?

4 What is the information being communicated in a data communication system called?

5 Which type of data representation commonly uses character-encoding systems such as ASCII or Unicode?

6 How are images commonly represented in a computer?

7 Which transmission mode allows communication in only one direction?

8 Which transmission mode allows both devices to send data at the same time?

9 Which network design uses a central server to provide services to other computers?

10 In which network design can each computer act as both a client and a server?

11 Which type of network usually covers a small area such as an office or school building?

12 Which type of network can span countries or continents?

13 What is a network protocol?

14 Which protocol is commonly used to transfer web pages?

15 What is a main benefit of using a layered network architecture?

16 How many layers are in the OSI model?

17 Which OSI layer is responsible for routing packets between networks?

18 Which TCP/IP transport-layer protocol provides reliable, connection-oriented delivery?

19 Which protocol in the TCP/IP suite is mainly responsible for logical addressing and packet routing?

20 Which type of address is primarily used at the data link layer?

21 During a live video conference, packets arrive with varying delays, causing uneven audio playback even though no data is corrupted. Which communication characteristic is primarily affected?

22 A payroll file reaches the intended server on time, but several employee records contain altered bits. Which data communication characteristic has failed?

23 Two devices are physically connected and operational, but they interpret the same sequence of bits using different frame formats. Which communication component is incompatible?

24 A text system must represent English, Arabic, Chinese, and emoji characters while remaining compatible with ASCII for basic English text. Which encoding is most suitable?

25 An uncompressed image has a resolution of pixels and uses 24 bits per pixel. How many bytes are required to store its pixel data?

26 Two security officers use radios on which either officer can speak, but both cannot speak successfully at the same time. Which transmission mode is used?

27 A telephone connection allows both participants to speak and hear each other simultaneously. Which transmission mode does this illustrate?

28 A fully connected mesh network contains 6 devices. How many point-to-point links are required?

29 In a star topology, all workstation cables are functional, but the central switch suddenly fails. What is the most likely result?

30 A municipal authority connects offices throughout the same city using a high-speed network. Which classification best describes this network?

31 A company connects regional networks located in Asia, Europe, and North America through leased telecommunications links. Which network type is being formed?

32 A sender places the destination field before the source field, while the receiver expects the opposite order. Which protocol element is inconsistent?

33 As application data moves downward through a layered network architecture, each relevant layer adds control information. What is this process called?

34 A network replaces Ethernet with Wi-Fi, but its web applications continue operating without modification. Which benefit of layering does this demonstrate?

35 A router examines a destination logical address and selects the next path toward a remote network. At which OSI layer does this operation primarily occur?

36 A large message is divided into smaller units, numbered, and reassembled reliably at the destination. Which OSI layer is primarily responsible?

37 In the TCP/IP model, protocols such as HTTP and DNS belong to a layer that combines the functions of which OSI layers?

38 Which statement correctly distinguishes the primary roles of IP and TCP?

39 A server runs both a web service and an email service using the same IP address. Which addressing mechanism allows incoming data to reach the correct service?

40 When an IP packet passes through a router to the next network, which addressing change normally occurs?

41 A voice stream delivers every packet correctly, but variable network delays cause some packets to arrive too late for playback. Which data-communication characteristic is primarily violated?

42 Host A and Host B use identical physical links but interpret the same received bit sequence as different frame types. Which communication component is most directly inconsistent?

43 A UTF-8 string is transmitted as the byte sequence 41 C3 A9. A receiver reverses the bytes because its processor uses little-endian storage. What is the fundamental error?

44 Two stations share one radio frequency. Either station may transmit, but simultaneous transmission is prohibited and control alternates the direction. Which mode is being used?

45 A network must remain connected after the failure of any single physical link. Which graph property is the minimum relevant design requirement?

46 A university owns fiber links connecting several buildings across one campus and operates the infrastructure itself. Which classification is most defensible?

47 A receiver understands every field in a request and receives it at the permitted time, but treats a field value as a sequence number while the sender intends it as a byte count. Which protocol element differs?

48 Layer receives data from layer , adds its own header, and passes the result downward. At the peer destination, which entity interprets that header?

49 A router receives an Ethernet frame carrying an IPv4 packet and forwards the packet onto a different Ethernet link. Which operation best describes the router's processing?

50 A long application exchange uses synchronization checkpoints so that communication can resume from the latest checkpoint after interruption. Which OSI layer was explicitly designed for this function?

51 Which mapping most accurately represents the relationship between the five-layer Internet model and the seven-layer OSI model?

52 Host A sends an IP packet to Host B on a remote network through router R. On the first Ethernet link, which destination addresses are normally used?

53 A TCP server supports many simultaneous client connections on local port 443. Which information distinguishes one established connection from another?

54 An IPv4 NAT device changes a packet's source IP address but leaves the TCP segment otherwise unchanged. Which values generally require updating?

55 A physical link transmits at . Line coding carries data bits per transmitted bits, and framing consumes of the coded payload. What is the maximum application-data rate before higher-layer overhead?

56 A transport layer offers reliable byte-stream service even though the network layer may lose or reorder packets. Which layered-design principle does this illustrate?

57 Two implementations use identical packet formats and timers, but one sends data before completing the required handshake. Which protocol specification is being violated?

58 Packets in a stream experience delays of , , , and ms, while no packet is corrupted or lost. Which mechanism most directly compensates for the observed impairment at the receiver?

59 A sensor produces analog temperature values, but the network interface accepts only digital bit streams. Which component function must occur before transmission over the digital interface?

60 A newly booted IPv4 host has no configured address and broadcasts a DHCP discovery message. Which addressing combination is normally used before a DHCP server responds?