Unit 6: Advance Databases - Practice Quiz

1 Which database trend uses artificial intelligence to automate tasks such as tuning and optimization?

2 What is a major goal of modern database technology?

3 Which technology allows database processing to occur closer to where data is generated?

4 Which characteristic of Big Data refers to the enormous amount of data being generated?

5 Which Big Data characteristic describes the speed at which data is generated and processed?

6 Which Big Data characteristic refers to structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data formats?

7 Which framework is commonly associated with distributed storage and processing of Big Data?

8 What does OLAP stand for?

9 What is the primary purpose of an OLAP system?

10 Which OLAP operation selects a single value from one dimension of a data cube?

11 Which OLAP operation moves from summarized data to more detailed data?

12 Where is a cloud database typically hosted?

13 Which is a common advantage of cloud databases?

14 What does DBaaS stand for in cloud computing?

15 What is a main goal of NewSQL databases?

16 Which property is commonly preserved by NewSQL databases?

17 NewSQL databases are most closely related to which traditional database model?

18 What does NoSQL commonly mean?

19 Which NoSQL database type stores information as pairs containing a key and its associated value?

20 Which NoSQL database type is especially suitable for representing relationships between entities?

21 A retailer wants its database to automatically identify unusual purchasing patterns and recommend indexes as workloads change. Which emerging trend best supports this requirement?

22 An application must process data near thousands of industrial sensors because sending every event to a central server causes excessive delay. Which database trend is most appropriate?

23 A company needs to keep an auditable record that multiple organizations can verify without relying on one central database owner. Which technology is the best fit?

24 A streaming platform stores petabytes of click events across hundreds of machines. Adding more machines should increase storage and processing capacity. Which design principle is being applied?

25 A sensor platform receives millions of readings per second and must detect faults within seconds. Which big-data characteristic creates the main challenge?

26 A data pipeline must combine relational sales tables, JSON web logs, images, and free-text reviews. Which big-data characteristic is most directly represented?

27 A distributed analytics job performs the same calculation independently on many data partitions and then combines the partial results. Which processing pattern does this describe?

28 An analyst is viewing annual revenue by country and wants to display monthly revenue for individual cities. Which OLAP operation is required?

29 A sales cube contains the dimensions Product, Region, and Time. An analyst fixes Time to 2025 while examining all products and regions. Which OLAP operation is this?

30 A company frequently calculates total sales by month, product category, and region. Which schema is typically simplest for these OLAP queries?

31 An analyst changes a report from displaying regions as rows and years as columns to displaying years as rows and regions as columns. Which operation was performed?

32 An online store experiences unpredictable traffic spikes and wants database capacity to increase and decrease automatically. Which cloud capability is most relevant?

33 A development team wants the cloud provider to handle database patching, backups, and routine availability management. Which service model should it choose?

34 A company deploys database replicas in three cloud availability zones. What is the primary purpose of this design?

35 A payment platform requires SQL, ACID transactions, and horizontal scaling across many nodes. Which database category best matches these requirements?

36 A distributed SQL database partitions customer rows across nodes while preserving transactional consistency. Which NewSQL technique is primarily responsible for distributing the workload?

37 Why might a bank select NewSQL instead of a typical eventually consistent NoSQL database for account transfers?

38 A shopping application stores product records whose attributes differ widely by category and change frequently. Which NoSQL model is most suitable?

39 A social network must efficiently find friends of friends and the shortest connection path between users. Which NoSQL model is the best fit?

40 A distributed NoSQL system continues accepting updates during a network partition, but replicas may temporarily return different values. Which CAP trade-off does this illustrate?

41 An HTAP system must run long analytical scans over rapidly changing operational data without blocking transactions, while keeping analytical results nearly current. Which design most directly satisfies both requirements?

42 A vector database searches 500 million embeddings, but every query also includes a highly selective tenant predicate matching only of rows. A global ANN search followed by predicate filtering often returns fewer than results. Which strategy best addresses the problem?

43 A learned index models the cumulative distribution of sorted keys to predict record positions. Which mechanism is still necessary for exact lookup when the model has prediction error or encounters distribution drift?

44 A distributed aggregation groups ten billion records by customer ID, but one customer owns of all records and causes a single reducer to dominate runtime. Which exact transformation best mitigates this skew?

45 A stateful stream processor may fail after updating its state but before acknowledging source records. Which design provides end-to-end exactly-once effects when the sink supports transactions?

46 A data lake stores clickstream events. Most queries select three of fifty columns and restrict event_date to a narrow range. Which physical design most effectively reduces both file scanning and column I/O?

47 In a sales cube, a product may belong to multiple promotional categories simultaneously. Summing category totals therefore exceeds the product-level total. Which dimensional design preserves summarizability?

48 A cube has four dimensions containing respectively 3, 2, 4, and 1 non-ALL hierarchy levels. If a cuboid chooses exactly one level or ALL from each dimension, how many distinct cuboids are possible?

49 A monthly snapshot fact table stores each account's end-of-day balance. Which aggregation is semantically valid for computing a month-end balance by branch?

50 A warehouse uses a Type 2 slowly changing customer dimension. A late-arriving sale occurred before a customer's region changed but is loaded afterward. How should the fact be linked?

51 A cloud analytical platform separates compute from shared object storage. Two departments require workload isolation but must query the same current tables without creating full data copies. Which approach best exploits this architecture?

52 A multi-region database acknowledges a write after storing it only in Region A. The requirement is to lose no acknowledged writes even if Region A is permanently destroyed immediately afterward. What change is necessary?

53 A managed database takes a full backup every 24 hours and durably archives transaction-log segments every 5 minutes. Assuming restoration can replay all archived logs, what is the worst-case recovery point objective after a database failure?

54 A deterministic NewSQL engine globally orders transactions before execution to reduce runtime coordination. Which workload characteristic most directly weakens the benefit of this approach?

55 A globally distributed NewSQL system assigns a commit timestamp using a bounded clock-uncertainty interval. Why might it delay acknowledging the commit until the uncertainty interval has passed?

56 A distributed SQL table is range-sharded by an ever-increasing timestamp. Nearly all inserts target the newest shard, producing a write hotspot. Which redesign best distributes writes, and what trade-off does it introduce?

57 A Dynamo-style store uses replication factor , read quorum , and write quorum . Which statement is most accurate?

58 An order and its bounded set of order lines are almost always read and updated together. Cross-order queries are rare. Which document-model design best matches this access pattern?

59 A fraud-detection workload repeatedly evaluates variable-length paths such as account → device → account → merchant, with predicates on intermediate relationships. Which database model most naturally supports this workload?

60 In an eventually consistent LSM-tree store, a deleted value unexpectedly reappears after an offline replica rejoins. Which configuration error most plausibly caused this resurrection?