Unit 2: Demand and Supply Analysis - Practice Quiz

DEECO515 60 Questions
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1 Which of the following is the most important determinant of the quantity demanded of a good?

determinants of demand and supply Easy
A. Number of sellers
B. Price of the good
C. Technology used in production
D. Cost of raw materials

2 The law of demand states that, other things being equal, as the price of a good rises, its quantity demanded:

determinants of demand and supply Easy
A. Becomes zero
B. Remains constant
C. Rises
D. Falls

3 An increase in consumer income will typically increase the demand for a:

determinants of demand and supply Easy
A. Giffen good
B. Normal good
C. Free good
D. Inferior good

4 Two goods are called substitutes when a rise in the price of one leads to:

determinants of demand and supply Easy
A. An increase in demand for the other
B. A decrease in demand for the other
C. A fall in supply of the other
D. No change in demand for the other

5 Which factor is a determinant of supply rather than demand?

determinants of demand and supply Easy
A. Consumer income
B. Consumer taste
C. Price of substitute goods in consumption
D. Cost of production

6 The law of supply states that, other things being equal, as the price of a good rises, its quantity supplied:

determinants of demand and supply Easy
A. Remains constant
B. Falls to zero
C. Rises
D. Falls

7 An improvement in technology used to produce a good will most likely:

determinants of demand and supply Easy
A. Increase supply
B. Leave supply unchanged
C. Decrease demand
D. Decrease supply

8 For complementary goods such as cars and petrol, a rise in the price of cars will:

determinants of demand and supply Easy
A. Increase supply of petrol
B. Increase demand for petrol
C. Have no effect on petrol
D. Decrease demand for petrol

9 A rise in the number of firms in a market will normally cause the market supply to:

determinants of demand and supply Easy
A. Stay the same
B. Decrease
C. Fall to zero
D. Increase

10 Which of the following would shift the demand curve for a good to the right?

determinants of demand and supply Easy
A. A favourable change in consumer taste
B. A fall in consumer income for a normal good
C. An increase in the number of sellers
D. A rise in the good's own price

11 Individual demand refers to the quantity of a good demanded by:

individual and market demand and supply Easy
A. All consumers in a market
B. All producers together
C. A single consumer at various prices
D. The government

12 Market demand is obtained by:

individual and market demand and supply Easy
A. Multiplying price by quantity
B. Vertically summing all individual demands
C. Taking the average of individual demands
D. Horizontally summing all individual demands

13 If at a price of $10 consumer A demands 4 units and consumer B demands 6 units, the market demand at $10 is:

individual and market demand and supply Easy
A. 10 units
B. 6 units
C. 24 units
D. 4 units

14 Market supply is derived by:

individual and market demand and supply Easy
A. Taking the highest individual supply
B. Subtracting demand from supply
C. Vertically summing individual firm supplies
D. Horizontally summing individual firm supplies

15 The typical individual demand curve slopes:

individual and market demand and supply Easy
A. Downward from left to right
B. Upward from left to right
C. Vertically
D. Horizontally

16 The individual supply curve normally slopes:

individual and market demand and supply Easy
A. Upward from left to right
B. Vertically
C. Horizontally
D. Downward from left to right

17 Market equilibrium occurs at the price where:

market equilibrium Easy
A. Quantity demanded equals quantity supplied
B. Price equals zero
C. Quantity supplied exceeds quantity demanded
D. Quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied

18 When the market price is above the equilibrium price, the market experiences a:

market equilibrium Easy
A. Equilibrium
B. Surplus
C. Shortage
D. Zero supply

19 When the market price is below the equilibrium price, there will be a:

market equilibrium Easy
A. Surplus
B. Equilibrium
C. Shortage
D. Fall in demand

20 The equilibrium price is also known as the:

market equilibrium Easy
A. Cost price
B. Market-clearing price
C. Ceiling price
D. Floor price

21 The price of coffee rises sharply. As a result, the demand curve for tea shifts to the right. This indicates that coffee and tea are:

determinants of demand and supply Medium
A. Giffen goods
B. Inferior goods
C. Complementary goods
D. Substitute goods

22 A consumer's income falls, and the demand for packaged noodles increases. Packaged noodles are best classified as a(n):

determinants of demand and supply Medium
A. Complementary good
B. Normal good
C. Inferior good
D. Luxury good

23 Which of the following would cause the supply curve of wheat to shift to the left?

determinants of demand and supply Medium
A. A rise in the price of fertilizer used in production
B. An improvement in farming technology
C. A fall in the wages of farm labour
D. A subsidy given to wheat farmers

24 Consumers expect the price of petrol to rise sharply next week. The most likely immediate effect on the current demand for petrol is:

determinants of demand and supply Medium
A. No change in current demand
B. Current demand decreases (curve shifts left)
C. Current demand increases (curve shifts right)
D. Movement up along the demand curve

25 A change in the good's own price causes:

determinants of demand and supply Medium
A. A shift of the entire demand curve
B. A movement along the demand curve
C. A change in consumer income
D. A change in the number of buyers

26 Cars and petrol are complementary goods. If the price of cars falls significantly, the demand for petrol will most likely:

determinants of demand and supply Medium
A. Decrease and shift the petrol demand curve left
B. Increase and shift the petrol demand curve right
C. Fall because petrol becomes relatively costlier
D. Stay constant with a movement along the curve

27 The market demand curve is obtained by:

individual and market demand and supply Medium
A. Horizontally summing all individual demand curves
B. Multiplying individual demand by the number of buyers
C. Vertically summing all individual demand curves
D. Averaging the individual demand curves

28 In a market, buyer A demands and buyer B demands . At price , the market quantity demanded is:

individual and market demand and supply Medium
A.
B.
C.
D.

29 Two firms supply a good with and . At price , the market quantity supplied is:

individual and market demand and supply Medium
A.
B.
C.
D.

30 Compared to an individual demand curve, the market demand curve is generally:

individual and market demand and supply Medium
A. Identical in slope but higher up
B. Vertical because market supply is fixed
C. Steeper, reflecting smaller total quantities
D. Flatter, reflecting larger total quantities

31 If new buyers enter a market while individual demand curves remain unchanged, the market demand curve will:

individual and market demand and supply Medium
A. Shift to the left
B. Shift to the right
C. Become steeper without shifting
D. Remain unchanged

32 Which statement about individual and market supply is correct?

individual and market demand and supply Medium
A. Market supply is the horizontal sum of individual firms' supply
B. Market supply equals the largest firm's supply
C. Market supply is unrelated to individual firm supply
D. Market supply is the vertical sum of individual firms' supply

33 Market demand is and market supply is . The equilibrium price is:

market equilibrium Medium
A.
B.
C.
D.

34 Using and , the equilibrium quantity is:

market equilibrium Medium
A.
B.
C.
D.

35 At a price above the equilibrium price, a competitive market will typically experience:

market equilibrium Medium
A. A shortage that pushes price up
B. A surplus that pushes price down
C. A leftward shift of the supply curve
D. A stable equilibrium with no pressure

36 A government sets a price ceiling below the equilibrium price. The most likely result is:

market equilibrium Medium
A. A surplus of the good
B. No effect on the market
C. A shortage of the good
D. A rise in the equilibrium price

37 If both demand and supply increase (shift right) simultaneously, the equilibrium quantity will:

market equilibrium Medium
A. Stay the same, while the price falls
B. Increase, while the price certainly falls
C. Increase, while the price change is indeterminate
D. Decrease, while the price rises

38 Demand increases while supply stays constant. The new market equilibrium shows:

market equilibrium Medium
A. Lower price and higher quantity
B. Lower price and lower quantity
C. Higher price and lower quantity
D. Higher price and higher quantity

39 In a market, and . At a price of , the market has a:

market equilibrium Medium
A. Shortage of units
B. State of equilibrium
C. Shortage of units
D. Surplus of units

40 A leftward shift in supply with demand held constant will cause the equilibrium to move to a:

market equilibrium Medium
A. Lower price and lower quantity
B. Lower price and higher quantity
C. Higher price and higher quantity
D. Higher price and lower quantity

41 The market demand and supply for a good are and . If the government imposes a price floor of , what is the resulting surplus in the market?

market equilibrium Hard
A. units
B. units
C. units
D. units (the floor is non-binding)

42 Demand is and supply is . A per-unit tax of is levied on producers. What is the new price paid by consumers?

market equilibrium Hard
A.
B.
C.
D.

43 A market has two consumers. Consumer 1's demand is and Consumer 2's demand is . What is the market demand function for ?

individual and market demand and supply Hard
A.
B.
C.
D.

44 Using the two consumers from the previous setup (, ), what is the correct market demand for the price range ?

individual and market demand and supply Hard
A.
B.
C.
D.

45 Two goods X and Y have cross-price elasticity of demand equal to , while good X has income elasticity of . Which classification of good X is consistent with both figures?

determinants of demand and supply Hard
A. An inferior good that is a substitute for Y
B. A normal necessity that is a substitute for Y
C. A luxury good that is a complement to Y
D. A normal necessity that is a complement to Y

46 Initially the market clears at , . Demand then rises by at every price while supply falls by at every price. Assuming linear curves with demand slope and supply slope (in per unit ), the direction of change in equilibrium quantity is:

market equilibrium Hard
A. Unchanged
B. Ambiguous without exact intercept shifts
C. Unambiguously lower
D. Unambiguously higher

47 Demand is and supply is . If a binding price ceiling causes a shortage of exactly units, at what price is the ceiling set?

market equilibrium Hard
A.
B.
C.
D.

48 The price elasticity of supply for a firm is estimated at in the short run. Which statement best explains why long-run supply elasticity typically exceeds this value?

determinants of demand and supply Hard
A. Supply becomes perfectly inelastic once capacity is fixed
B. Long-run demand rises, pulling the elasticity upward
C. In the long run all inputs become variable, allowing firms to expand capacity and new firms to enter, both of which make quantity supplied more responsive to price
D. Fixed costs disappear in the long run, so marginal cost falls to zero

49 Demand: . Supply: . What is the total surplus (consumer plus producer surplus) at competitive equilibrium?

market equilibrium Hard
A.
B.
C.
D.

50 In a market with identical firms, each firm's supply is (for ). If the market supply is , how many firms are in the market?

individual and market demand and supply Hard
A.
B.
C.
D.

51 A good has income elasticity and own-price elasticity . During a recession, real incomes fall and the good's price falls . Approximately what is the net percentage change in quantity demanded?

determinants of demand and supply Hard
A.
B.
C.
D.

52 Demand is and supply is . The government sets a per-unit subsidy of paid to producers. By how much does equilibrium quantity change?

market equilibrium Hard
A. Increases by units
B. Increases by units
C. Increases by units
D. Increases by units

53 For a Giffen good, which combination of properties must simultaneously hold?

determinants of demand and supply Hard
A. It is an inferior good and the negative income effect outweighs the substitution effect
B. It is a luxury good and the substitution effect outweighs the income effect
C. It is inferior but the substitution effect always dominates the income effect
D. It is a normal good with a positive income effect that dominates

54 Demand is and supply is . A per-unit tax of is imposed. What share of the tax burden falls on consumers?

market equilibrium Hard
A.
B.
C.
D.

55 Market demand intersects a perfectly inelastic (vertical) supply of . The government mandates that supply rise to . What happens to equilibrium price?

individual and market demand and supply Hard
A. Falls from to
B. Rises from to
C. Falls from to
D. Stays at

56 A firm expects the price of its output to rise sharply next quarter. Holding all else constant, the most likely immediate effect on the current-period supply curve is:

determinants of demand and supply Hard
A. A rightward shift, as producers sell more now
B. No change until the price actually rises
C. A movement up along the current supply curve
D. A leftward shift, as producers withhold output to sell later at higher prices

57 In a market, and . If both the demand and supply curves shift so that the new equilibrium price is unchanged but equilibrium quantity rises by units, which shift pattern is consistent?

market equilibrium Hard
A. Only demand increases
B. Demand increases and supply decreases
C. Only supply increases
D. Demand and supply both increase by amounts that keep price constant

58 The market demand is . Suppose new identical buyers each with demand enter the market. What is the new market demand?

individual and market demand and supply Hard
A.
B.
C.
D.

59 A market's demand elasticity is and supply elasticity is . A supply-side shock reduces supply. Compared with a market where demand elasticity is , the price increase from the same shock will be:

determinants of demand and supply Hard
A. Smaller, because more elastic demand lets quantity absorb the shock with less price movement
B. Zero, because demand fully offsets the shock
C. Larger, because elastic demand amplifies price swings
D. Identical, because supply elasticity alone determines price

60 Demand and supply define a market. A price ceiling of is imposed. What is the deadweight loss relative to the competitive equilibrium?

market equilibrium Hard
A.
B.
C.
D.