Unit 14: Industrial Disputes - Practice Quiz

1 As per the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, an industrial dispute is a dispute or difference between which of the following?

2 Which of the following is a common cause of industrial disputes?

3 A collective refusal by workers to work in order to press their demands is called a:

4 The temporary closing of a place of employment by the employer to pressurise workers is known as a:

5 The Industrial Disputes Act in India was enacted in which year?

6 When workers slow down the pace of work deliberately to press demands, it is called a:

7 Which of the following is generally classified as a non-economic cause of industrial disputes?

8 A protest technique where employees surround managers and prevent them from leaving is called:

9 In which method of dispute settlement does a neutral third party help the parties reach a voluntary agreement without imposing a decision?

10 The process where disputing parties voluntarily refer their dispute to a neutral third party whose decision they agree to accept is called:

11 Settlement of an industrial dispute by a compulsory reference to a labour court or tribunal is known as:

12 The process in which employers and workers or their representatives negotiate directly to settle terms of employment is called:

13 Which of the following is the official appointed under the Industrial Disputes Act to promote settlement of disputes?

14 Which method of dispute settlement is considered voluntary rather than compulsory?

15 A committee formed with equal representatives of workers and management to promote good relations and settle disputes is called a:

16 The primary purpose of a trade union is to:

17 Trade unions in India are registered under which Act?

18 Which of the following is a major challenge faced by trade unions in India?

19 The problem of trade unions being controlled by political parties in India is known as:

20 Which of the following is a common weakness of trade unions in India?

21 A group of workers stops production by collectively refusing to work until their demand for higher wages is met, while remaining employed. Under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, this action is best classified as a:

22 An employer closes a section of the factory and refuses to allow workers to enter as a response to their pressure tactics. This is the employer's counterpart to a strike and is termed a:

23 Workers surround managers and physically prevent them from leaving the premises until demands are discussed. This coercive tactic, common in India, is known as:

24 Employees report to work but deliberately reduce their output well below normal levels to pressure management. This form of protest is classified as a:

25 Which of the following is generally considered an economic cause of industrial disputes rather than a managerial or political one?

26 A sudden strike carried out by workers without the authorisation or approval of their trade union leadership is called a:

27 Union A calls its members out on strike purely to show solidarity with striking workers of another establishment, without any direct dispute of its own. This is termed a:

28 A neutral third party listens to both sides, studies the dispute, and offers non-binding suggestions to help them reach a voluntary agreement. This method is:

29 In which method of dispute settlement do the parties voluntarily agree in advance to accept the decision of an independent third party as final and binding?

30 The government refers an unresolved dispute to a Labour Court, whose decision is legally binding on both parties. This compulsory method of settlement is called:

31 Which of the following is the key feature distinguishing collective bargaining from adjudication?

32 Under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, which adjudicating body is primarily concerned with matters like wages, bonus, allowances, and other conditions listed as items of broader importance?

33 A bipartite body set up in establishments with 100 or more workers to promote good relations and comment on matters of common interest is the:

34 When comparing arbitration and adjudication, the main difference is that arbitration is usually:

35 A trade union in India cannot be registered under the Trade Unions Act, 1926 unless it has at least a certain minimum number of members. That prescribed minimum for registration is:

36 The existence of many small unions competing for the same set of workers within one establishment illustrates which major problem of Indian trade unions?

37 Many Indian trade unions rely on external leaders such as politicians and lawyers rather than workers from within. This challenge is commonly described as:

38 A small union with very few members and low subscription income struggles to sustain strikes or provide welfare services. This directly reflects the problem of:

39 Two unions in the same factory frequently disagree over which of them should represent workers in negotiations with the employer. This situation best illustrates:

40 Which of the following is recognised as a positive function performed by trade unions rather than a challenge they face?

41 A group of 6 workmen out of a workforce of 500 raises a grievance about the individual dismissal of one worker. The employer argues it is not an 'industrial dispute' under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. Which legal provision most directly weakens the employer's position?

42 Under the classic 'individual vs collective' test laid down in the Central Provinces Transport case, an individual workman's grievance becomes an industrial dispute only when:

43 A public utility service worker plans a strike. Which combination of conditions must be satisfied for the strike to be legal under Sections 22 and 23 of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?

44 What is the key legal distinction between a settlement reached during conciliation proceedings and one reached outside conciliation, under Section 18 of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?

45 Voluntary arbitration under Section 10A differs fundamentally from adjudication under Section 10 primarily because:

46 A conciliation officer fails to bring about a settlement. What is the correct procedural consequence under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?

47 Which adjudicatory body under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 is constituted by the Central Government specifically for disputes involving questions of national importance or affecting establishments in more than one state?

48 An industrial tribunal passes an award. When does the award ordinarily become enforceable under Section 17A of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?

49 During a legal strike, an employer declares a lock-out and later a lay-off. Analytically, which statement correctly distinguishes lay-off from lock-out?

50 A workman with 5 years of continuous service is retrenched. Under Section 25F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, retrenchment compensation is calculated as:

51 A factory employing 320 workmen wishes to retrench, lay-off, or close down. Under Chapter VB (Section 25N/25O) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, what is the additional requirement compared to smaller establishments?

52 Under the Trade Unions Act, 1926, what is the minimum requirement for the registration of a trade union following the 2001 amendment?

53 Which factor is most directly responsible for the phenomenon of 'multiplicity of trade unions' in India, and why does it weaken collective bargaining?

54 The problem of 'outside leadership' in Indian trade unions refers to unions being led by politicians, lawyers, or social workers rather than workers themselves. Which is the most accurate critique of this feature?

55 A registered trade union spends part of its general funds on directly financing a political party's election campaign. Under the Trade Unions Act, 1926, this is:

56 Which statement best captures the 'recognition' problem faced by Indian trade unions at the central level?

57 Collective bargaining is often described as superior to adjudication as a settlement method. Which reasoning best supports this claim from an organisational behaviour standpoint?

58 Workmen engage in a 'go-slow'. How is this classified under industrial jurisprudence, and what is its typical legal treatment?

59 A Board of Conciliation differs from a conciliation officer chiefly in that the Board:

60 Financial weakness is a chronic challenge for Indian trade unions. Which combination of causes most accurately explains it?