Unit 2: Memory and I/O Devices - Practice Quiz

1 What are the two main categories of computer memory?

2 What is the smallest unit of computer memory?

3 How many bytes are commonly present in one kilobyte (KB)?

4 What happens to data stored in RAM when the computer is switched off?

5 What is the main purpose of RAM in a computer?

6 Which statement correctly describes ROM?

7 Which of the following is a secondary storage device?

8 Which technology is commonly used by a traditional hard disk drive to store data?

9 What is a hard disk drive mainly used for?

10 Which port is most commonly used to connect a flash drive to a computer?

11 How is data read from an optical disk?

12 What does DVD stand for?

13 Which type of device is a keyboard?

14 What is the main function of a computer mouse?

15 What does LCD stand for?

16 What does a scanner do?

17 Which task is a plotter best suited for?

18 What type of output does a printer produce?

19 Which modern device can act as both an input and an output device?

20 Which modern input device can identify a user from a fingerprint?

21 A processor repeatedly uses the same instructions while running a program. Which type of memory helps the processor access these instructions with the lowest delay?

22 Using the binary relationship , how many MiB are equal to ?

23 A computer becomes slow when several large applications are open, and its storage activity increases sharply. Which upgrade would most directly improve this situation?

24 A computer can begin its startup process immediately after being switched on, even though RAM initially contains no data. Where are the startup instructions primarily stored?

25 A photographer needs to store several terabytes of completed projects at a low cost per gigabyte. Fast random access is not a priority. Which device is most suitable?

26 Files on a mechanical hard disk are heavily fragmented. Why can defragmenting the drive improve file-reading performance?

27 A user removes a flash drive immediately after copying a large file, and the file later appears corrupted. What is the most likely cause?

28 Which cleaning method is safest for a dusty optical disk?

29 A video file is . Which is the smallest listed optical medium that can store the entire file without compression?

30 An accountant needs to enter long columns of numbers into a spreadsheet efficiently. Which keyboard feature would be most useful?

31 A mouse pointer moves across the entire screen with only a tiny physical movement of the mouse. Which adjustment is most appropriate?

32 Text on an LCD monitor looks blurred after the display resolution is changed. Which action is most likely to restore the sharpest image?

33 A school scans printed examination papers and wants to edit the questions in a word processor. Which additional technology should be used?

34 An engineering company must produce large architectural drawings containing precise lines and curves. Which output device is best suited to this task?

35 A school office prints thousands of monochrome text pages each month. Which printer type would generally provide the best combination of speed and low cost per page?

36 A depth-sensing gesture controller allows a designer to rotate a 3D model by moving a hand without touching the screen. How should the controller primarily be classified?

37 A storage device transfers data at . Assuming , approximately how long will it take to transfer a file?

38 A hard disk begins making repeated clicking sounds, and its S.M.A.R.T. report shows many reallocated sectors. What should the user do first?

39 A flash drive must store a single file and work with both Windows and macOS. Which file system is generally the most suitable?

40 A mixed-reality headset uses cameras and microphones to capture the environment while its displays and speakers present virtual content. How should the headset be classified?

41 A system designer must place a single instruction's active operand, a running program's working set, and long-term user files into the most appropriate levels of the memory hierarchy. Which assignment best balances access speed, capacity, and persistence?

42 A storage device is advertised as 16 GB, where the manufacturer uses bytes. Approximately how many GiB will software report if it uses bytes?

43 A computer uses dual-channel DDR4-3200 RAM. Each channel has a 64-bit data bus, and DDR4-3200 performs transfers per second. Ignoring overhead, what is the maximum theoretical memory bandwidth?

44 A server uses SECDED ECC RAM. During one memory-word access, two bits are corrupted independently. What is the expected capability of standard SECDED protection?

45 An embedded device must retain calibration values without power and update individual bytes electrically without replacing the chip. Which memory type is the best match?

46 An organization must retain petabytes of monthly backups for ten years. Retrieval may take several minutes, but low cost per terabyte, offline isolation, and resistance to ransomware are priorities. Which secondary storage medium is most appropriate?

47 A 7200 RPM hard disk has an average seek time of 8 ms and a sustained transfer rate of 160 MiB/s. Ignoring controller overhead, what is the approximate average time to access and read a randomly located 1 MiB block?

48 A computer has one HDD and one SSD. Both contain heavily fragmented files. Which maintenance decision is technically most appropriate?

49 After a large file is deleted from a flash drive that supports TRIM, which sequence most accurately describes the storage behavior?

50 A scratch damages a short continuous region of an optical disk. Which design feature most directly improves the probability that the original data can still be reconstructed?

51 A mastered video project occupies 7.8 GB using decimal units and must fit on one side of one standard DVD without recompression. Which DVD format is the minimum suitable choice?

52 In a diode-free keyboard matrix, three keys located at three corners of a rectangle are pressed simultaneously, and the controller reports a fourth unpressed key. Which modification most directly prevents this ghosting?

53 A mouse is configured to 1600 CPI and polled at 500 Hz. If it moves exactly 2 inches between two points, how many movement counts are generated in principle, and what is the nominal interval between USB reports?

54 An LCD refreshes at 144 Hz but has a measured gray-to-gray response time of 8 ms. Which conclusion is technically justified?

55 An A4 page measuring 8.27 by 11.69 inches is scanned at 600 dpi in uncompressed 24-bit color. Ignoring headers, what is the approximate file size?

56 A pen plotter receives a vector drawing containing a circle and the drawing is enlarged by a factor of four. Why can the plotter preserve a smooth geometric boundary without storing four times as many source pixels?

57 A duplex printer sustains 30 printed page images per minute, including during duplex operation. Ignoring pauses, how much time and how many sheets are required for a 120-page double-sided document?

58 A 1200 dpi monochrome printer uses a device-dot halftone cell for each simulated gray sample. What are the approximate halftone screen resolution and the number of possible gray levels?

59 A VR headset uses 120 Hz eye tracking to control foveated rendering on a 90 Hz display. Which design best reduces errors caused by the two devices sampling at different times?

60 An augmented-reality headset has a USB-C plug and requires DisplayPort video, USB data, and 15 W of power from one cable. Why does a physically matching USB-C port not guarantee compatibility?