Unit 2: Emerging Technologies and Future of the Discipline - Practice Quiz

1 Which technology is most closely associated with Industry 1.0?

2 What does digital transformation mainly involve?

3 How many Sustainable Development Goals were adopted by the United Nations?

4 What is machine learning?

5 What is a basic feature of the Internet of Things?

6 What is a blockchain?

7 The metaverse is commonly described as what?

8 Which is a key advantage of 5G networks?

9 Where does edge computing process data?

10 What is a digital twin?

11 What is industrial automation primarily used for?

12 What makes a sensor intelligent?

13 What is hardware security concerned with?

14 What does medical informatics combine?

15 Which is an example of clean energy technology?

16 What is a semiconductor chip?

17 What is the main purpose of Intelligent Transportation Systems?

18 What does the World Economic Forum Future Jobs Report examine?

19 What do professional societies commonly provide to a discipline?

20 Which skill is important for many future careers?

21 A factory uses connected machines, real-time data analytics, and human-robot collaboration to produce customized goods. Which industrial development does this best represent?

22 A bank replaces paper-based loan processing with an integrated digital platform that uses automated verification and customer analytics. Why is this more than simple digitization?

23 A smart irrigation system reduces water use while maintaining crop yields. Which combination of SDG priorities is most directly supported?

24 A machine-learning model performs well on training data but poorly on new patient records. Which problem is most likely occurring?

25 A cold-storage facility uses networked temperature sensors that automatically alert managers when products may spoil. Which feature is essential for this IoT application?

26 A supply-chain network wants participants to verify product records without relying on one central organization. Which blockchain characteristic is most relevant?

27 A university provides a virtual laboratory where students use avatars to interact with equipment and classmates in a shared three-dimensional environment. Which technology concept best describes this experience?

28 An industrial robot must receive control instructions with very little delay and support many connected devices in a small area. Which 5G capability is most important?

29 A factory analyzes camera footage near the production line instead of sending all video to a distant cloud server. What is the main benefit?

30 An engineer creates a virtual model of a wind turbine that continuously receives sensor data and predicts maintenance needs. What makes this a digital twin?

31 A manufacturing line uses robots for repetitive welding while workers handle inspection and exception cases. What is the main advantage of this arrangement?

32 A vibration sensor filters noise, identifies abnormal machine patterns, and sends only warnings to a monitoring system. Which capability makes the sensor intelligent?

33 A device verifies that its firmware is digitally signed before allowing it to run. Which security principle does this implement?

34 A hospital connects laboratory results, patient histories, and prescriptions so authorized clinicians can view them in one system. Which medical informatics goal is most directly supported?

35 A community combines solar panels, battery storage, and demand management to reduce dependence on fossil-fuel electricity. Which challenge is battery storage mainly addressing?

36 A chip designer uses simulation tools to verify a processor design before fabrication. Why is this step important?

37 A city uses traffic cameras, vehicle-location data, and adaptive signals to reduce congestion. Which ITS function is being applied?

38 A company expects routine clerical tasks to be automated but plans to hire data analysts and cybersecurity specialists. Which trend from future-jobs analyses does this reflect?

39 An engineering society recommends that developers consider safety, accessibility, privacy, and environmental effects throughout a project's life cycle. What professional principle does this reflect?

40 An employee must interpret AI-generated recommendations, identify possible bias, and explain decisions to nontechnical users. Which skill combination is most suitable?

41 A factory uses cyber-physical systems to optimize production, but its next strategy emphasizes worker creativity, ergonomic collaboration with robots, and customized products without abandoning automation. Which transition best describes this strategy?

42 A bank digitizes paper forms but preserves departmental databases, duplicated approvals, and manual reconciliation. Why is this primarily digitization rather than digital transformation?

43 A city deploys AI-controlled cooling in public buildings, reducing electricity use but increasing digital waste and excluding low-connectivity neighborhoods. Which evaluation best reflects SDG-oriented planning?

44 A fraud-detection model achieves high overall accuracy, but its false-negative rate is much higher for a minority customer group. Which intervention most directly addresses the principal risk?

45 An industrial IoT deployment sends raw vibration streams from thousands of machines to a central cloud, causing bandwidth saturation and delayed fault alerts. Which redesign is most appropriate?

46 A consortium wants a shared product-provenance ledger among known manufacturers, auditors, and distributors, with rapid updates and controlled visibility. Which design is most suitable?

47 A virtual training platform claims to provide a persistent metaverse experience. Which capability is most essential to distinguish it from an isolated virtual-reality simulation?

48 A remote robotic-control application requires predictable millisecond-level latency, high reliability, and localized traffic handling. Which 5G capability combination is most relevant?

49 A safety system must stop a machine within a strict deadline even when the wide-area network fails. Which architecture provides the strongest guarantee?

50 A digital twin of a wind turbine predicts bearing failure using live sensor data, physics-based constraints, and maintenance history. What makes it more than a static 3D model?

51 A collaborative robot works beside humans, but its speed and force limits are adjusted according to workspace occupancy and task risk. Which design principle is being applied?

52 A sensor node compensates for temperature drift, rejects implausible readings, timestamps measurements, and transmits only extracted features. Which characteristic does this demonstrate?

53 An attacker replaces firmware before a device reaches the customer. Which control most directly establishes that only authorized software can execute during startup?

54 A hospital integrates laboratory, imaging, and clinical systems. Identical patient identifiers are inconsistent across systems, and a decision-support alert lacks provenance. Which combination is most important?

55 A renewable-heavy microgrid experiences solar variability and evening demand peaks. Which coordinated strategy most effectively improves reliability while reducing emissions?

56 A chip project meets its logic specification but fails economically because yield is low and power density exceeds packaging limits. Which conclusion is most accurate?

57 An adaptive traffic system prioritizes emergency vehicles but creates severe delays for buses and pedestrians. Which redesign best reflects a systems-level ITS objective?

58 A company uses the World Economic Forum's projected skills trends to eliminate roles predicted to decline. Why is this an inappropriate interpretation?

59 An engineering team faces a conflict between deploying an innovative system quickly and validating its safety under uncertain failure conditions. Which professional-society perspective should dominate?

60 A graduate can operate several AI tools but cannot evaluate bias, explain uncertainty, secure data, or collaborate with domain experts. Which development plan best addresses future-career readiness?