Unit 3: New Trends in Agriculture Extension - Practice Quiz

1 What does privatization of agricultural extension mainly involve?

2 Which is a common feature of private extension services?

3 Cyber extension primarily uses which resource to share agricultural information?

4 Which is an example of e-extension?

5 What is the main focus of market-led extension?

6 Which information is especially important in market-led extension?

7 In farmer-led extension, who plays the central role in sharing knowledge?

8 What is an expert system in agricultural extension?

9 Which attribute of an innovation means that it appears better than the existing practice?

10 Which attribute refers to how easily an innovation can be tested on a limited basis?

11 An innovation that is easy to understand has which adoption-related characteristic?

12 What does DWCRA stand for?

13 What commonly brings members of a Commodity Interest Group together?

14 What is a major purpose of a Farmers Producer Group?

15 What is meant by transfer of technology in extension?

16 In the traditional linear transfer-of-technology model, where are technologies generally developed?

17 What is the main aim of capacity building for extension personnel?

18 What is monitoring in an extension program?

19 What does evaluation mainly assess?

20 Why are monitoring findings used during an extension program?

21 Which arrangement most clearly represents privatization of agricultural extension?

22 A district introduces fee-based private extension, but marginal farmers cannot afford the services. Which measure would best improve equity without ending private delivery?

23 During a rapidly spreading pest outbreak, farmers need immediate location-specific advice and visual diagnosis. Which e-extension approach is most suitable?

24 An e-extension portal has useful content, but adoption is low because many farmers have limited internet access and digital literacy. What is the best response?

25 Tomato farmers repeatedly face low prices because they harvest at the same time without knowing buyer requirements. What should a market-led extension program prioritize?

26 Which activity best reflects a farmer-led extension approach to testing water-saving practices?

27 A crop-diagnosis system receives symptom data and applies stored rules to identify a likely disease. Which component applies those rules?

28 A farmer can test a new seed variety on a small plot before using it on the entire farm. Which attribute of innovation does this illustrate?

29 A profitable solar dryer is rejected because it produces a color and texture that conflict with local food preferences. Which innovation attribute is weakest?

30 Which proposed village activity is most consistent with the original focus of DWCRA?

31 Farmers from several villages grow turmeric and want to address common issues involving disease management, processing, and marketing. What is the most appropriate group structure?

32 Small farmers receive low prices because each sells only a few bags of produce and buys inputs separately. Which FPG action would most directly improve their bargaining position?

33 In a conventional linear transfer-of-technology model, which sequence is most typical?

34 A recommended crop variety performs differently across villages because soils and farmer resources vary. Which transfer model is most appropriate for improving the recommendation?

35 Extension personnel are expected to provide digital crop advice, but their current skills are unknown. What should managers do before designing training?

36 Which evidence best shows that training on participatory extension methods has changed workplace performance?

37 A project manager records the number of farmer meetings, demonstrations, and participants every month. This activity is primarily:

38 An extension program trained 600 farmers, and 240 later adopted the recommended practice. Which statement correctly classifies these indicators?

39 Which design provides the strongest practical evidence that an extension program caused an increase in adoption?

40 Quarterly monitoring shows that only 22 of 40 planned demonstrations were conducted because inputs arrived late. What is the most appropriate management response?

41 A state contracts private advisers and pays them according to the number of farm visits completed. Visits increase sharply, but advisers concentrate on large farms near towns and avoid remote smallholders. Which contract redesign best addresses both the quality and equity failures?

42 Which extension service is least likely to be supplied adequately through an unsubsidized fee-for-service market?

43 An e-extension platform sends localized pest alerts based on satellite data. Adoption is high, yet crop losses persist because alerts arrive after farmers have already made control decisions. Which system change most directly corrects this failure?

44 A district has uneven internet access, several local languages, and low smartphone ownership among women farmers. Which design best applies a digitally enabled but inclusive extension strategy?

45 Farmers can increase tomato yield by 20% using a recommended package, but the harvest would reach a saturated market simultaneously and likely reduce prices. What should a market-led extension agent do first?

46 A buyer offers farmers a higher price for residue-compliant chillies but rejects entire lots when traceability records are incomplete. Which extension intervention addresses the binding constraint most directly?

47 Researchers compare two farmer-led trials. In Trial I, farmers select the problem, adapt treatments, and evaluate results using their own and scientific criteria. In Trial II, farmers host demonstrations of a fixed package and report attendance. Which conclusion is most defensible?

48 A crop diagnostic expert system contains rules stating that symptom set implies either nutrient deficiency or viral disease . The available evidence is incomplete. Which system behavior is most appropriate?

49 An expert system gives correct recommendations under normal conditions but fails when a newly introduced pest produces symptoms similar to an existing disease. Which limitation is primarily exposed?

50 Two drought-tolerant varieties have similar yield advantages. Variety X can be tested on a small plot and its drought response is easily observed, while Variety Y requires replacing the whole farm's seed and its advantage is visible only after several seasons. Which attributes most strongly favor faster adoption of X?

51 A water-saving irrigation method is profitable and demonstrably effective, but adoption remains low because it conflicts with communal water-turn rules and requires difficult calculations. Which pair of perceived attributes is most constraining adoption?

52 A DWCRA group receives equipment for a food-processing activity, but members have little control over earnings, depend on one intermediary, and lack bookkeeping skills. Which intervention best reflects DWCRA's livelihood and empowerment orientation?

53 Dairy farmers form a group solely because they share the same commodity, but members differ greatly in market objectives and rarely undertake collective action. What is the strongest diagnosis?

54 An FPG aggregates members' produce but distributes sales revenue equally, regardless of quantity and quality supplied. High-quality producers begin selling outside the group. Which governance reform best corrects the incentive problem?

55 A research institute develops a package, trains extension agents, and expects farmers to adopt it unchanged. Farmers' feedback reaches researchers only after adoption rates decline. Which transfer-of-technology model and weakness are most evident?

56 A technology performs well on research stations but poorly on small farms because labor peaks, credit limits, and livestock interactions were ignored. Which model change is most likely to improve relevance?

57 After a five-day course, extension personnel score highly on a knowledge test but rarely use participatory methods in villages. Which capacity-building redesign best addresses the transfer gap?

58 A project manager reviews monthly training attendance and budget utilization, while an independent team later assesses whether farmer income changes can plausibly be attributed to the project. How should these activities be classified?

59 An extension program reports that 70% of participating farmers adopted a practice, compared with 45% of matched nonparticipants. However, 20% of participants had already adopted it before the program, compared with 15% of nonparticipants. Using a difference-in-differences estimate, what is the program-associated adoption effect?

60 A program's logframe lists "number of demonstrations conducted" as its main success measure, although its objective is to improve smallholder resilience to drought. Which revision creates the strongest evaluation framework?