Unit 2: Production Technology of Tropical Fruits - Practice Quiz

HRT208 — Production Technology Of Fruit And Plantation Crops 59 Questions
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1 What is the botanical name of mango?

Mango Easy
A. Carica papaya
B. Citrus sinensis
C. Musa paradisiaca
D. Mangifera indica

2 Which propagation method is commonly used for commercial multiplication of mango?

Mango Easy
A. Leaf cutting
B. Seed sowing
C. Veneer grafting
D. Runner planting

3 What type of inflorescence is found in mango?

Mango Easy
A. Spike
B. Spadix
C. Panicle
D. Capitulum

4 What does alternate bearing in mango mean?

Mango Easy
A. Ripening fruits at different times
B. Heavy and light crops in alternate years
C. Flowering twice during one season
D. Producing fruits on alternate branches

5 Mango is classified as which type of fruit based on its ripening behavior?

Mango Easy
A. Aggregate fruit
B. Non-climacteric fruit
C. Dry dehiscent fruit
D. Climacteric fruit

6 The apparent stem of a banana plant is known as a:

Banana Easy
A. Pseudostem
B. Runner
C. Rhizome
D. Cormel

7 Which type of sucker is preferred for conventional planting of banana?

Banana Easy
A. Sword sucker
B. Stem sucker
C. Root sucker
D. Water sucker

8 Most commercially cultivated bananas develop fruits through:

Banana Easy
A. Parthenocarpy
B. Cross-pollination
C. Self-incompatibility
D. Apomictic seeding

9 Which nutrient is especially important for fruit development and quality in banana?

Banana Easy
A. Calcium
B. Potassium
C. Iron
D. Sulfur

10 What is the main purpose of covering a developing banana bunch?

Banana Easy
A. To increase root growth
B. To delay leaf emergence
C. To produce more suckers
D. To protect the fruits

11 What is the botanical name of papaya?

Papaya Easy
A. Citrus reticulata
B. Mangifera indica
C. Musa acuminata
D. Carica papaya

12 Which method is most commonly used to propagate papaya?

Papaya Easy
A. Seeds
B. Cuttings
C. Grafts
D. Layers

13 Papain is obtained mainly from which part of the papaya plant?

Papaya Easy
A. Seeds of mature fruits
B. Roots of young plants
C. Latex of immature fruits
D. Pulp of ripe fruits

14 Which soil condition should be avoided when growing papaya?

Papaya Easy
A. Slightly acidic reaction
B. Good soil drainage
C. Moderate soil fertility
D. Prolonged waterlogging

15 Male, female, and hermaphrodite are terms used to describe what in papaya?

Papaya Easy
A. Root growth patterns
B. Fruit maturity stages
C. Seed dormancy types
D. Plant sex forms

16 What is the botanical name of sweet orange?

Citrus Easy
A. Citrus limon
B. Citrus maxima
C. Citrus sinensis
D. Citrus medica

17 Which propagation method is commonly used for commercial citrus plants?

Citrus Easy
A. Runner planting
B. Leaf cutting
C. Crown planting
D. T-budding

18 The fruit type found in citrus is called a:

Citrus Easy
A. Pome
B. Hesperidium
C. Drupe
D. Achene

19 Citrus fruits are well known as a dietary source of which vitamin?

Citrus Easy
A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin K
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin B12

20 Citrus canker is caused by which type of pathogen?

Citrus Easy
A. Virus
B. Fungus
C. Nematode
D. Bacterium

21 A mango grower plans a high-density orchard at a spacing of m. Approximately how many trees can be planted in one hectare, excluding roads and buildings?

Mango Medium
A. 200 trees
B. 500 trees
C. 400 trees
D. 300 trees

22 The interior of a high-density mango canopy receives little sunlight and produces few fruits. Which practice is most appropriate immediately after harvest?

Mango Medium
A. Flood the orchard for several days
B. Apply additional nitrogen fertilizer
C. Prune crowded and upright shoots
D. Retain all shoots until flowering

23 A mature mango orchard shows strong alternate bearing despite receiving adequate nutrients. Which treatment is most suitable for promoting more regular flowering?

Mango Medium
A. Apply paclobutrazol as recommended
B. Spray urea during full bloom
C. Irrigate heavily before harvest
D. Remove leaves during fruit set

24 Young mango plants repeatedly develop collar rot after heavy rainfall in a poorly drained field. Which orchard modification would best address the underlying problem?

Mango Medium
A. Increase nitrogen application frequency
B. Plant more deeply in larger pits
C. Plant on raised mounds with drainage
D. Maintain standing water around trunks

25 A mango orchard experiences severe fruit drop during the pea-to-marble stage following a prolonged dry period. What is the most appropriate immediate response?

Mango Medium
A. Provide irrigation and conserve soil moisture
B. Prune all current-season shoots
C. Stop irrigation until fruits mature
D. Apply heavy nitrogen near the trunks

26 Banana is planted at a spacing of m. Approximately how many plants can be accommodated per hectare?

Banana Medium
A. 2,086 plants
B. 3,086 plants
C. 2,586 plants
D. 3,586 plants

27 A farmer must choose between sword suckers and water suckers for establishing a banana field. Why are sword suckers generally preferred?

Banana Medium
A. They produce bunches without field nutrition
B. They have vigorous buds and strong rhizomes
C. They remain permanently free from viruses
D. They have broad leaves and weak rhizomes

28 A tall banana cultivar has produced heavy bunches, and strong winds are expected. Which operation would most directly reduce lodging losses?

Banana Medium
A. Deep hoeing around the pseudostem
B. Removing all functional leaves
C. Flooding the field before the storm
D. Propping the bearing plants

29 Tissue-cultured banana plantlets are ready to leave the laboratory but have delicate leaves and roots. What should be done before field planting?

Banana Medium
A. Store them under complete darkness
B. Plant them immediately in flooded soil
C. Remove their roots before transplanting
D. Harden them gradually in a nursery

30 Banana plants show progressive yellowing, wilting and brown discoloration of vascular tissue in the pseudostem. Which preventive strategy is most appropriate?

Banana Medium
A. Retain diseased ratoons for the next crop
B. Use disease-free plants and resistant cultivars
C. Increase irrigation around affected plant mats
D. Use infected suckers from high-yielding plants

31 A dioecious papaya orchard has reached flowering, and the grower wants adequate pollination without retaining excessive non-fruiting plants. What should be done?

Papaya Medium
A. Retain equal numbers of males and females
B. Retain about one male for ten females
C. Retain only male plants along each row
D. Remove every male plant from the orchard

32 Papaya plants in a low-lying field decline rapidly after several days of standing water. Which corrective measure is most important for future plantings?

Papaya Medium
A. Provide raised beds and efficient drainage
B. Maintain continuous flooding around the roots
C. Increase planting depth below the soil surface
D. Apply more nitrogen during water stagnation

33 A grower wants to extract papain without destroying the developing papaya fruits. Which method is appropriate?

Papaya Medium
A. Crush fully ripe fruits after harvest
B. Remove the roots during flowering
C. Cut deeply into the fruit cavity
D. Make shallow cuts on mature green fruits

34 Papaya plants develop mosaic patterns, distorted leaves and ring-shaped markings on fruits. Which integrated response is most appropriate?

Papaya Medium
A. Retain infected plants and apply extra nitrogen
B. Use flood irrigation to wash off symptoms
C. Prune infected leaves and retain the plants
D. Remove infected plants and manage aphid vectors

35 Papaya fruits must be transported to a distant market where they will be stored briefly before sale. At which stage should they preferably be harvested?

Papaya Medium
A. While very immature and dark green
B. When completely soft and fully yellow
C. Only after fruits fall naturally
D. At colour-break with initial yellowing

36 A citrus tree shows bark cracking and gum exudation near the soil line in a poorly drained orchard. Which preventive practice is most appropriate?

Citrus Medium
A. Maintain standing water around the tree basin
B. Apply nitrogen directly against the trunk
C. Cover the bud union with moist field soil
D. Keep the bud union above soil and improve drainage

37 A citrus nursery is being established in a region where tristeza virus is common. Which combination gives the best foundation for disease management?

Citrus Medium
A. Certified budwood and a tolerant rootstock
B. Field seedlings and unrestricted aphid populations
C. Infected scions and deeply buried bud unions
D. Unknown budwood and a susceptible rootstock

38 Citrus trees show blotchy leaf mottling, small lopsided fruits and uneven fruit coloration. What is the most suitable management approach?

Citrus Medium
A. Remove infected trees and control psyllids
B. Apply additional phosphorus to cure the trees
C. Flood the orchard to suppress the pathogen
D. Prune symptoms and retain infected trees

39 A citrus orchard has dense internal growth, poor spray penetration and low fruit colour. Which canopy operation is most appropriate?

Citrus Medium
A. Allow rootstock suckers to fill the canopy
B. Head back every scaffold branch each month
C. Remove dead, crossing and inward-growing branches
D. Remove all leaves before the flowering season

40 A citrus grower wants to regulate flowering into a selected bahar. Which orchard condition is generally created before restoring irrigation and nutrition?

Citrus Medium
A. A prolonged period of complete flooding
B. A continuous supply of high nitrogen
C. A controlled period of moisture stress
D. A continuous period of heavy irrigation

41 A mature mango orchard shows vigorous vegetative growth, dense dark-green canopies, and almost no flowering after repeated nitrogen applications. Which intervention most directly addresses the likely physiological cause of poor flowering?

Mango Hard
A. Apply additional nitrogen before winter
B. Irrigate frequently during floral induction
C. Reduce late nitrogen and regulate canopy vigor
D. Remove all terminal shoots after harvest

42 In a high-density mango orchard, lower branches become shaded and fruit size declines despite adequate irrigation and nutrition. Which management strategy is most appropriate for restoring productive light distribution?

Mango Hard
A. Use systematic canopy opening and renewal pruning
B. Increase irrigation during fruit enlargement
C. Apply more nitrogen to shaded branches
D. Allow the canopy to expand until branches overlap

43 A mango cultivar produces abundant flowers, but fruit set remains poor during a period of cool, cloudy weather. Which explanation best integrates the likely reproductive constraints?

Mango Hard
A. Fruit set is controlled entirely by nitrogen availability
B. Mango flowers normally set fruit without pollination
C. Cloudy weather always increases viable pollen production
D. Cool weather may reduce pollinator activity and pollen function

44 A grower wants to reduce alternate bearing in a mango cultivar with a strong tendency to produce a heavy crop one year and a light crop the next. Which integrated approach is most defensible?

Mango Hard
A. Apply heavy nitrogen immediately after flowering
B. Use crop regulation, balanced nutrition, and timely pruning
C. Avoid irrigation during all fruit development stages
D. Retain every flower in the heavy year

45 Mango fruits develop internal flesh browning and uneven ripening even though external skin color appears acceptable at harvest. Which production decision would best reduce the risk of this quality problem?

Mango Hard
A. Harvest at the cultivar-specific physiological maturity
B. Increase nitrogen immediately before harvest
C. Harvest only after fruit becomes fully soft on the tree
D. Delay harvest until all fruits develop identical skin color

46 A banana plantation has vigorous pseudostems but produces small bunches and weak ratoon crops. Soil testing shows adequate macronutrients, while the field remains poorly drained after irrigation. Which diagnosis is most plausible?

Banana Hard
A. Excess sunlight has prevented pseudostem formation
B. High drainage has caused persistent root anoxia
C. Early bunch covering has eliminated all fruit growth
D. Waterlogging has impaired roots and nutrient uptake

47 In a commercial banana block, bunches are exposed to rubbing leaves, bird damage, and uneven surface blemishes. Which intervention most directly improves both protection and marketable fruit quality?

Banana Hard
A. Remove all leaves immediately after flowering
B. Leave the bunches uncovered until individual fingers soften
C. Increase nitrogen after the bunch has matured
D. Cover bunches with suitable perforated protective sleeves

48 A farmer retains five suckers around each mother plant to ensure a continuous harvest, but the plantation develops uneven bunch emergence and declining bunch weight. What is the most likely cause?

Banana Hard
A. Bunch emergence is independent of plant population
B. Excessive sucker retention has created strong competition
C. Removing all suckers would permanently stop ratooning
D. The mother plant has received too much pollination

49 A banana grower removes the male bud soon after the last hand opens. Under which condition is this practice most likely to be agronomically justified?

Banana Hard
A. When it is performed before the first hand emerges
B. When it replaces the need for adequate potassium fertilization
C. When it reduces thrips habitat and directs assimilates to the bunch
D. When it guarantees pollination of all edible fingers

50 A plantation experiences severe leaf-area loss from Sigatoka before bunch filling. Which management principle is most important for protecting yield?

Banana Hard
A. Remove all healthy leaves at flowering
B. Maintain functional leaves during bunch development
C. Increase plant density to compensate for defoliation
D. Stop irrigation once disease symptoms appear

51 A papaya field planted from seed develops many nonproductive male plants, reducing effective plant density. Which production decision most directly prevents this problem in a commercial orchard?

Papaya Hard
A. Plant at wider spacing to change genetic sex
B. Prune male plants after every irrigation
C. Increase nitrogen to convert male plants into females
D. Use sex-identified planting material where available

52 Papaya plants in a low-lying field show yellowing, root decay, and sudden wilting after repeated rainfall. Which corrective measure is most appropriate?

Papaya Hard
A. Improve drainage and avoid prolonged saturation
B. Apply heavy nitrogen to restore root activity
C. Increase irrigation to dilute the wet soil
D. Prune the crown to reduce all transpiration

53 A mature mango orchard shows severe alternate bearing: trees carrying a heavy crop this year produce little vegetative growth and almost no crop the following year. Which intervention most directly addresses the physiological basis of this problem?

Mango Hard
A. Thin the current crop and maintain postharvest nutrition and irrigation
B. Apply additional nitrogen during full bloom in the heavy-crop year
C. Delay harvesting until all fruits attain tree-ripe eating quality
D. Prune all terminal shoots immediately before expected panicle emergence

54 A grower raises rootstocks from seeds of a polyembryonic mango cultivar. Most seedlings are uniform, but a few differ markedly in vigor and leaf morphology. What is the most likely explanation?

Mango Hard
A. The variable seedlings developed without fertilization
B. The uniform seedlings resulted from graft incompatibility
C. The variable seedlings arose from zygotic embryos
D. The uniform seedlings arose from selfed embryos

55 Paclobutrazol applied as a soil drench can promote flowering in vigorous mango trees principally because it:

Mango Hard
A. Stimulates auxin synthesis and increases terminal shoot elongation
B. Supplies a persistent cytokinin source that converts every vegetative bud into a flower bud
C. Inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis and restricts vegetative growth
D. Releases ethylene directly and induces simultaneous fruit ripening

56 In an 'Alphonso' mango block with a history of spongy tissue, which harvest decision is most appropriate for reducing the disorder while preserving marketability?

Mango Hard
A. Delay harvest and expose fruits to direct afternoon sunlight
B. Retain fruits until they soften fully on the tree
C. Harvest immature fruits and induce ripening with excessive ethylene
D. Harvest at physiological maturity before advanced tree ripening

57 Mango fruits develop blackening at the distal end only in the portion of an orchard nearest a brick kiln, while leaves show little disease development. Which response best fits the diagnosis?

Mango Hard
A. Increase irrigation because calcium transport fails under mild drought
B. Apply systemic fungicide because latent anthracnose causes black tip
C. Remove affected panicles because the disorder is transmitted persistently by mango hoppers
D. Reduce exposure to kiln fumes and use recommended borax sprays

58 A banana field requires an effective dose of g per plant. If muriate of potash contains and field recovery is expected to be , how much fertilizer should be applied per plant?

Banana Hard
A. 375 g
B. 300 g
C. 240 g
D. 450 g

59 A farmer establishing a virus-indexed banana plantation must choose between sword suckers, water suckers, and tissue-culture plants. Which material offers the best combination of health status and crop uniformity?

Banana Hard
A. Large water suckers collected from several neighboring plantations
B. Flowered sword suckers retained with their entire pseudostems
C. Hardened, indexed tissue-culture plants from a certified source
D. Unhardened tissue-culture plantlets transferred directly from culture vessels into the field