B.The process of influencing behavior to follow social norms
C.The process of changing family structures
D.The process of increasing population size
Correct Answer: The process of influencing behavior to follow social norms
Explanation:
Social control includes the ways society encourages people to follow accepted norms and rules.
Incorrect! Try again.
2Why is social control necessary in society?
need and purpose
Easy
A.To make every person identical
B.To promote order and stability
C.To prevent people from communicating
D.To remove all social differences
Correct Answer: To promote order and stability
Explanation:
Social control helps maintain order, cooperation, and stability in social life.
Incorrect! Try again.
3What does social control help individuals understand?
need and purpose
Easy
A.Expected ways of behaving
B.Biological inheritance patterns
C.Personal income levels
D.Exact future events
Correct Answer: Expected ways of behaving
Explanation:
Social control communicates the behavior that a society considers acceptable.
Incorrect! Try again.
4Which is a major purpose of social control?
need and purpose
Easy
A.To encourage conformity to norms
B.To eliminate all personal choices
C.To replace culture with technology
D.To increase conflict among groups
Correct Answer: To encourage conformity to norms
Explanation:
One purpose of social control is to encourage people to follow shared social norms.
Incorrect! Try again.
5What may happen when social control is weak?
need and purpose
Easy
A.Norms may become unnecessary
B.All conflicts may disappear
C.Social groups may become identical
D.Disorder may increase
Correct Answer: Disorder may increase
Explanation:
Weak social control can make it harder to maintain cooperation and social order.
Incorrect! Try again.
6Social control supports cooperation by doing what?
need and purpose
Easy
A.Guiding behavior through shared expectations
B.Preventing people from forming opinions
C.Giving everyone the same occupation
D.Removing all group memberships
Correct Answer: Guiding behavior through shared expectations
Explanation:
Shared expectations guide behavior and make cooperation easier.
Incorrect! Try again.
7Which statement best describes the relationship between social norms and social control?
need and purpose
Easy
A.Social norms are created only by courts
B.Social control makes norms completely unnecessary
C.Social norms apply only to government officials
D.Social control encourages people to follow norms
Correct Answer: Social control encourages people to follow norms
Explanation:
Social control helps maintain norms by encouraging or requiring people to follow them.
Incorrect! Try again.
8What is formal social control?
types
Easy
A.Control based on physical appearance
B.Control based only on personal habits
C.Control based on private opinions
D.Control based on official rules and institutions
Correct Answer: Control based on official rules and institutions
Explanation:
Formal social control uses written rules, laws, and recognized institutions.
Incorrect! Try again.
9What is informal social control?
types
Easy
A.Control through everyday social reactions
B.Control through government elections
C.Control through official court orders
D.Control through written criminal laws
Correct Answer: Control through everyday social reactions
Explanation:
Informal social control operates through reactions such as approval, criticism, praise, and ridicule.
Incorrect! Try again.
10Which is an example of a formal sanction?
types
Easy
A.A compliment from a neighbor
B.A smile from a friend
C.A fine imposed by a court
D.A frown from a classmate
Correct Answer: A fine imposed by a court
Explanation:
A court-imposed fine is an official punishment and therefore a formal sanction.
Incorrect! Try again.
11Which is an example of an informal sanction?
types
Easy
A.Serving a prison sentence
B.Being arrested by police
C.Receiving praise from friends
D.Paying a legal fine
Correct Answer: Receiving praise from friends
Explanation:
Praise from friends is an informal positive response to approved behavior.
Incorrect! Try again.
12A law is an example of which type of social control?
types
Easy
A.Informal social control
B.Formal social control
C.Biological social control
D.Accidental social control
Correct Answer: Formal social control
Explanation:
Laws are official rules enforced by recognized institutions.
Incorrect! Try again.
13Which type of social control is usually unwritten?
types
Easy
A.Institutional control
B.Informal social control
C.Formal social control
D.Legal control
Correct Answer: Informal social control
Explanation:
Informal social control commonly operates through unwritten norms and everyday reactions.
Incorrect! Try again.
14What is a positive sanction?
types
Easy
A.A rule written by a court
B.A punishment for breaking a law
C.A reward for approved behavior
D.A conflict between social groups
Correct Answer: A reward for approved behavior
Explanation:
A positive sanction rewards or approves behavior that society considers desirable.
Incorrect! Try again.
15What is a negative sanction?
types
Easy
A.A punishment for unacceptable behavior
B.A belief shared by a community
C.A custom followed during festivals
D.A reward for helpful behavior
Correct Answer: A punishment for unacceptable behavior
Explanation:
A negative sanction discourages behavior by applying criticism, punishment, or another penalty.
Incorrect! Try again.
16Which agency is usually the first to teach children social norms?
agencies of social control
Easy
A.The family
B.The court
C.The workplace
D.The police
Correct Answer: The family
Explanation:
Families commonly introduce children to basic values, rules, and expected behavior.
Incorrect! Try again.
17How do schools contribute to social control?
agencies of social control
Easy
A.They create laws for every citizen
B.They replace all family relationships
C.They prevent students from forming groups
D.They teach rules, discipline, and cooperation
Correct Answer: They teach rules, discipline, and cooperation
Explanation:
Schools teach formal lessons as well as discipline, responsibility, and cooperation.
Incorrect! Try again.
18Which agency enforces laws and investigates crimes?
agencies of social control
Easy
A.The police
B.The neighborhood
C.The family
D.The media
Correct Answer: The police
Explanation:
The police are a formal agency responsible for enforcing laws and investigating crimes.
Incorrect! Try again.
19What is the main role of courts in social control?
agencies of social control
Easy
A.To create personal friendships
B.To organize informal celebrations
C.To teach children household customs
D.To interpret laws and decide cases
Correct Answer: To interpret laws and decide cases
Explanation:
Courts apply and interpret laws while deciding legal cases and penalties.
Incorrect! Try again.
20How can the mass media act as an agency of social control?
agencies of social control
Easy
A.By shaping opinions about acceptable behavior
B.By replacing all government institutions
C.By preventing people from receiving information
D.By enforcing prison sentences directly
Correct Answer: By shaping opinions about acceptable behavior
Explanation:
The media can influence public attitudes and ideas about acceptable and unacceptable behavior.
Incorrect! Try again.
21A community introduces speed limits after repeated accidents on a busy road. Which purpose of social control is most directly illustrated?
need and purpose
Medium
A.Encouraging individual isolation
B.Maintaining social order
C.Removing cultural traditions
D.Increasing social inequality
Correct Answer: Maintaining social order
Explanation:
Speed limits regulate behavior and reduce conflict or danger, helping maintain predictable social order.
Incorrect! Try again.
22Why is social control necessary in a society with diverse beliefs and interests?
need and purpose
Medium
A.It provides shared guidelines for behavior
B.It ensures everyone has identical opinions
C.It eliminates all social differences
D.It prevents people from forming groups
Correct Answer: It provides shared guidelines for behavior
Explanation:
Shared rules help people coordinate their actions even when their values, interests, and backgrounds differ.
Incorrect! Try again.
23A student returns a lost wallet because honesty is an important personal value. This example shows that social control can operate through
need and purpose
Medium
A.Internalized norms
B.Government surveillance
C.Economic competition
D.Physical punishment
Correct Answer: Internalized norms
Explanation:
The student regulates their own behavior by following a norm that has become part of their personal values.
Incorrect! Try again.
24A workplace requires employees to follow safety procedures to reduce injuries. Which function of social control is emphasized?
need and purpose
Medium
A.Replacing family relationships
B.Increasing personal uncertainty
C.Protecting group members
D.Promoting political conflict
Correct Answer: Protecting group members
Explanation:
Safety rules limit risky behavior and protect employees from preventable harm.
Incorrect! Try again.
25When people follow queueing rules at a crowded clinic, the main social benefit is that the rules
need and purpose
Medium
A.Remove the need for medical staff
B.Guarantee immediate treatment
C.Make all patients equally healthy
D.Reduce confusion and conflict
Correct Answer: Reduce confusion and conflict
Explanation:
Queueing rules create an orderly process and reduce disputes over access to services.
Incorrect! Try again.
26A society changes a law after recognizing that it unfairly discriminates against a minority group. What does this illustrate about social control?
need and purpose
Medium
A.It always preserves existing power relations
B.It can be revised to reflect changing values
C.It prevents moral debate about rules
D.It operates only through informal customs
Correct Answer: It can be revised to reflect changing values
Explanation:
Rules and sanctions may change when social values develop or when existing controls are judged unjust.
Incorrect! Try again.
27A person avoids speaking loudly in a library because other visitors would disapprove. This is primarily an example of
types
Medium
A.Formal social control
B.Economic social control
C.Informal social control
D.Coercive political control
Correct Answer: Informal social control
Explanation:
The behavior is regulated by informal expectations and possible social disapproval rather than official law.
Incorrect! Try again.
28A court imposes a fine on a driver who violates traffic law. Which type of social control is being used?
types
Medium
A.Informal and internal
B.Informal and positive
C.Formal and voluntary
D.Formal and negative
Correct Answer: Formal and negative
Explanation:
The fine is an official sanction, making it formal, and it punishes rather than rewards the violation.
Incorrect! Try again.
29A company gives an employee a bonus for consistently meeting ethical standards. This is best classified as
types
Medium
A.An informal negative sanction
B.An informal internal sanction
C.A formal negative sanction
D.A formal positive sanction
Correct Answer: A formal positive sanction
Explanation:
The organization officially rewards approved behavior, so the sanction is formal and positive.
Incorrect! Try again.
30A teenager feels guilty after lying to a friend and decides to apologize. Which form of control is most evident?
types
Medium
A.Legal coercion
B.External formal control
C.Internal informal control
D.Institutional punishment
Correct Answer: Internal informal control
Explanation:
Guilt is an internal response based on learned norms, making it an informal form of social control.
Incorrect! Try again.
31Which situation best demonstrates a negative informal sanction?
types
Medium
A.A friend is criticized for breaking a promise
B.A neighbor receives public praise
C.A worker earns an official promotion
D.A student is fined for cheating
Correct Answer: A friend is criticized for breaking a promise
Explanation:
Criticism from a friend is an informal social reaction that discourages unwanted behavior.
Incorrect! Try again.
32A school suspends a student for repeated bullying after applying its written disciplinary policy. This example combines
types
Medium
A.Formal rules and a negative sanction
B.Traditional customs and a positive sanction
C.Informal norms and a positive sanction
D.Internal values and a negative sanction
Correct Answer: Formal rules and a negative sanction
Explanation:
The written policy is formal, and suspension is a punishment for behavior that violates the rules.
Incorrect! Try again.
33Which statement best distinguishes formal from informal social control?
types
Medium
A.Informal control never involves rewards or approval
B.Formal control is based on official rules and institutions
C.Informal control exists only in traditional societies
D.Formal control is always harsher than informal control
Correct Answer: Formal control is based on official rules and institutions
Explanation:
Formal control relies on laws, regulations, and recognized authorities, while informal control develops through everyday interaction.
Incorrect! Try again.
34Parents teach a child to greet elders respectfully and discourage rude language. Which agency is primarily performing social control?
agencies of social control
Medium
A.The mass media
B.The police
C.The family
D.The courts
Correct Answer: The family
Explanation:
The family is a major early agent of socialization and teaches norms through guidance, approval, and disapproval.
Incorrect! Try again.
35A school requires students to attend classes, follow schedules, and complete assignments. Its main role as an agency of social control is to
agencies of social control
Medium
A.Replace the legal system
B.Eliminate differences in ability
C.Control all family decisions
D.Transmit norms and regulate conduct
Correct Answer: Transmit norms and regulate conduct
Explanation:
Schools teach expected behavior and use rules and sanctions to organize student conduct.
Incorrect! Try again.
36A police officer arrests someone suspected of violating a criminal law. The police are acting mainly as an agency of
agencies of social control
Medium
A.Religious socialization
B.Family-based control
C.Formal social control
D.Informal peer control
Correct Answer: Formal social control
Explanation:
The police enforce officially established laws through recognized legal authority.
Incorrect! Try again.
37A religious congregation encourages members to help the poor and condemns dishonest behavior. Which mechanism is most directly involved?
agencies of social control
Medium
A.Market competition and pricing
B.Moral guidance and communal approval
C.Criminal investigation and arrest
D.Scientific testing and measurement
Correct Answer: Moral guidance and communal approval
Explanation:
Religious groups may regulate behavior by teaching moral standards and rewarding or disapproving of conduct.
Incorrect! Try again.
38A news organization publicly exposes corruption, leading citizens to demand an investigation. This illustrates how mass media can
agencies of social control
Medium
A.Create public pressure for accountability
B.Directly sentence accused individuals
C.Prevent citizens from forming opinions
D.Replace all political institutions
Correct Answer: Create public pressure for accountability
Explanation:
Mass media can shape public awareness and encourage institutions to respond to alleged wrongdoing.
Incorrect! Try again.
39A peer group praises members who volunteer but excludes those who repeatedly exploit others. What agency and mechanism are illustrated?
agencies of social control
Medium
A.Court using imprisonment and trial
B.Family using inheritance and property
C.Peer group using approval and exclusion
D.School using examinations and grades
Correct Answer: Peer group using approval and exclusion
Explanation:
Peer groups influence behavior through informal rewards, acceptance, criticism, and rejection.
Incorrect! Try again.
40A judge applies a law and imposes a sentence after finding a defendant guilty. Which agency is exercising social control?
agencies of social control
Medium
A.The peer group
B.The neighborhood association
C.The judiciary
D.The family
Correct Answer: The judiciary
Explanation:
The judiciary interprets laws and imposes legally authorized penalties when violations are established.
Incorrect! Try again.
41A society experiences rapid technological change, weakening customary expectations but lacking effective legal institutions. Which outcome most directly indicates a social-control deficit?
need and purpose
Hard
A.Stronger attachment to inherited customs
B.Greater variation in acceptable lifestyles
C.Persistent uncertainty about behavioral expectations
D.More frequent voluntary cooperation
Correct Answer: Persistent uncertainty about behavioral expectations
Explanation:
A social-control deficit is revealed when shared expectations become unclear and members cannot reliably anticipate or regulate one another's conduct.
Incorrect! Try again.
42A university introduces an honor code. Cheating initially declines because students view compliance as morally appropriate, even though formal penalties remain unchanged. What does this best demonstrate?
need and purpose
Hard
A.Internalized control supporting conformity
B.Punishment creating complete moral agreement
C.Formal control eliminating informal control
D.Coercion replacing socialization
Correct Answer: Internalized control supporting conformity
Explanation:
When individuals follow rules because they accept them as legitimate, control operates internally rather than relying primarily on external punishment.
Incorrect! Try again.
43Which situation best illustrates the difference between social control and mere behavioral influence?
need and purpose
Hard
A.A friend encourages another friend to exercise
B.A commercial persuades customers to buy a product
D.A community condemns conduct that violates shared norms
Correct Answer: A community condemns conduct that violates shared norms
Explanation:
Social control involves efforts to regulate conduct according to socially recognized norms, often through approval, disapproval, sanctions, or expectations.
Incorrect! Try again.
44A government responds to a minor norm violation with an extremely severe penalty. Which sociological concern is most relevant?
need and purpose
Hard
A.The penalty may undermine legitimacy and produce resistance
B.The penalty will necessarily eliminate all future violations
C.The penalty proves that the violated norm was unimportant
D.The penalty converts every informal norm into a custom
Correct Answer: The penalty may undermine legitimacy and produce resistance
Explanation:
Disproportionate sanctions can appear unjust, weaken acceptance of authority, and encourage resistance rather than stable conformity.
Incorrect! Try again.
45A neighborhood has no written rules, yet residents coordinate childcare, quiet hours, and emergency assistance through mutual expectations. What is the primary function of this arrangement?
need and purpose
Hard
A.To create predictable interaction
B.To replace all formal institutions
C.To suspend sanctions entirely
D.To maximize individual competition
Correct Answer: To create predictable interaction
Explanation:
Social control helps make behavior predictable, enabling cooperation even when regulation is informal and unwritten.
Incorrect! Try again.
46A society maintains order by persuading citizens that its rules reflect universal justice, although the rules systematically favor one class. Which critical interpretation is strongest?
need and purpose
Hard
A.Shared beliefs are irrelevant whenever formal laws exist
B.Legitimacy prevents social control from affecting disadvantaged groups
C.Inequality proves that no genuine norms operate in the society
D.Control can preserve inequality by making domination appear legitimate
Correct Answer: Control can preserve inequality by making domination appear legitimate
Explanation:
Critical perspectives emphasize that norms and institutions may secure compliance while presenting unequal arrangements as natural, fair, or inevitable.
Incorrect! Try again.
47Which example most clearly represents informal negative social control?
types
Hard
A.A supervisor issues a written warning
B.A legislature amends an environmental statute
C.Neighbors socially exclude a persistent litterer
D.A court imposes a monetary fine
Correct Answer: Neighbors socially exclude a persistent litterer
Explanation:
Informal negative control uses unofficial disapproval or penalties, such as ridicule, gossip, exclusion, or loss of status.
Incorrect! Try again.
48A student volunteers for difficult tasks because classmates publicly praise civic responsibility. Which classification best fits the control involved?
types
Hard
A.Informal positive control
B.Formal coercive control
C.Informal negative control
D.Formal negative control
Correct Answer: Informal positive control
Explanation:
Public praise is an unofficial reward that encourages conformity or socially valued conduct, making it informal positive control.
Incorrect! Try again.
49A city legally requires vaccination but also uses community recognition for neighborhoods with high participation. What combination of control is present?
types
Hard
A.Formal negative and informal positive control
B.Only informal negative control
C.Only formal positive control
D.Informal positive and formal positive control
Correct Answer: Formal negative and informal positive control
Explanation:
The legal requirement represents formal regulation backed by official sanctions, while community recognition is an informal reward.
Incorrect! Try again.
50Which case best demonstrates internal rather than external social control?
types
Hard
A.A tenant pays rent after receiving a legal notice
B.An employee follows policy during an inspection
C.A person refuses to lie despite expecting no detection
D.A driver slows down near a police vehicle
Correct Answer: A person refuses to lie despite expecting no detection
Explanation:
Internal control operates through conscience, values, or internalized norms even when external monitoring or punishment is absent.
Incorrect! Try again.
51A customary practice becomes codified into law, but most people continue following it because of family tradition rather than fear of punishment. Which conclusion is most accurate?
types
Hard
A.The practice is now exclusively formal control
B.Legal codification has erased informal control
C.Formal and informal control operate simultaneously
D.Customary behavior cannot coexist with legislation
Correct Answer: Formal and informal control operate simultaneously
Explanation:
The law provides formal control, while family tradition continues to provide informal and internal support for compliance.
Incorrect! Try again.
52An online platform removes a user's post under its terms of service, while the user's peers criticize the post in a group chat. How should these responses be classified?
types
Hard
A.Platform action is formal; peer criticism is informal
B.Platform action is informal; peer criticism is formal
C.Both are formal controls
D.Both are informal controls
Correct Answer: Platform action is formal; peer criticism is informal
Explanation:
The platform acts through codified organizational rules, whereas peer criticism is unofficial interpersonal regulation.
Incorrect! Try again.
53A state increases surveillance and punishment, yet rule violations rise because citizens regard the government as illegitimate. Which inference is best supported?
types
Hard
A.Informal control becomes impossible under authoritarian rule
C.Formal sanctions are unrelated to perceptions of authority
D.Legitimacy and internalization can affect control effectiveness
Correct Answer: Legitimacy and internalization can affect control effectiveness
Explanation:
Control is not determined only by the severity of sanctions; perceived legitimacy and internal acceptance strongly influence compliance.
Incorrect! Try again.
54A child learns that interrupting elders is disrespectful at home, receives praise for waiting at school, and later follows the norm independently. Which sequence is illustrated?
agencies of social control
Hard
A.Family socialization, school reinforcement, and internalization
B.Peer control, legal control, and economic control
C.Religious conversion, political coercion, and deviance
D.Media exposure, punishment, and institutional replacement
Correct Answer: Family socialization, school reinforcement, and internalization
Explanation:
The family introduces the norm, the school reinforces it, and repeated acceptance transforms it into self-regulation.
Incorrect! Try again.
55A peer group discourages a member from reporting workplace harassment because doing so would violate group loyalty. What does this case reveal about peers as an agency of control?
agencies of social control
Hard
A.Peer groups operate only through formal punishment
B.Peer influence disappears when legal agencies intervene
C.Peer control can reinforce both conformity and harmful norms
D.Peer groups always promote socially approved behavior
Correct Answer: Peer control can reinforce both conformity and harmful norms
Explanation:
Peer groups regulate behavior through approval and disapproval, but the norms they enforce may conflict with broader ethical or legal standards.
Incorrect! Try again.
56A news network repeatedly portrays protestors as dangerous outsiders, leading viewers to support restrictions on demonstrations. Which agency function is most evident?
agencies of social control
Hard
A.Media framing that shapes public definitions of deviance
B.Peer sanctions that regulate face-to-face interaction
C.Judicial review that invalidates legislation
D.Family discipline that creates primary socialization
Correct Answer: Media framing that shapes public definitions of deviance
Explanation:
Media can influence social control by defining groups and actions as threatening, legitimate, deviant, or deserving of restriction.
Incorrect! Try again.
57A religious institution forgives a violation but requires public confession and renewed participation. Which analysis is most appropriate?
agencies of social control
Hard
A.It represents only secular legal punishment
B.It demonstrates that religion cannot regulate conduct
C.It combines moral regulation, reintegration, and informal sanctioning
D.It eliminates stigma by keeping the violation secret
Correct Answer: It combines moral regulation, reintegration, and informal sanctioning
Explanation:
The institution defines conduct morally, applies social disapproval through confession, and attempts to restore the member to the community.
Incorrect! Try again.
58Police arrest two people for identical conduct but treat one more harshly because of racial stereotypes. Which issue does this most directly raise?
agencies of social control
Hard
A.Discretion is absent whenever written rules specify penalties
B.Formal agencies are automatically more objective than informal agencies
C.Unequal enforcement proves that laws have no social-control function
D.The neutrality of legal agencies is socially constructed and contestable
Correct Answer: The neutrality of legal agencies is socially constructed and contestable
Explanation:
Legal agencies may exercise discretion through institutional biases, showing that formal rules do not guarantee equal or neutral enforcement.
Incorrect! Try again.
59A school suspends a student for defending a classmate, while classmates praise the action and organize support. Which conclusion best captures the conflict among agencies?
agencies of social control
Hard
A.Peer groups cannot challenge institutional decisions
B.School discipline always overrides moral evaluation
C.A conflict exists only when criminal law is involved
D.Formal school control and informal peer control may enforce competing norms
Correct Answer: Formal school control and informal peer control may enforce competing norms
Explanation:
Different agencies may define the same conduct differently and apply contradictory sanctions or rewards.
Incorrect! Try again.
60A corporation requires diversity training but rewards managers mainly for short-term output, leading discriminatory practices to continue. Which explanation is strongest?
agencies of social control
Hard
A.Organizational incentives can undermine stated control goals
C.Discrimination persists only when no written policy exists
D.Formal policies eliminate the influence of informal norms
Correct Answer: Organizational incentives can undermine stated control goals
Explanation:
Agencies of control may send contradictory signals; reward structures can sustain behavior that formal policies officially condemn.
Incorrect! Try again.
Did this save you a night before the exam?
LPU Notes is free, and it stays free. Ads cover part of the server bill.
The rest comes out of a student's own pocket: the domain, the storage,
and keeping the site up through the weeks everyone needs it at once.
The payment button didn't load. An ad blocker or a filtered network is the usual reason.
to try again.
Nothing here is ever locked, and nothing unlocks. Chip in only if it was worth it.
What it pays for →