Unit 3: The Judiciary - Practice Quiz

1 Which is the highest court in India?

2 Where is the Supreme Court of India located?

3 Who appoints the judges of the Supreme Court of India?

4 At what age does a judge of the Supreme Court retire?

5 Who is the head of the Supreme Court of India?

6 Which is the highest court in a state?

7 At what age does a judge of a High Court retire?

8 Who appoints the judges of a High Court?

9 A High Court may have jurisdiction over which area?

10 Which court supervises the courts under its jurisdiction in a state?

11 What type of judicial system does India have?

12 Which court is at the top of India's integrated judicial system?

13 Which courts generally function below the High Courts?

14 Which constitutional body is responsible for interpreting the Constitution at the national level?

15 Judicial independence means that judges should be free from:

16 What is the power of a court to examine whether a law is constitutional called?

17 Which jurisdiction allows the Supreme Court to hear certain disputes between governments?

18 The Supreme Court can give advice to the President under which jurisdiction?

19 The Supreme Court hears appeals from lower courts under which jurisdiction?

20 Which writ may be issued to produce a person who has been unlawfully detained?

21 A citizen claims that a law violates a Fundamental Right. Which constitutional remedy can the citizen directly seek from the Supreme Court?

22 A High Court receives a petition concerning a legal right that is not a Fundamental Right. Which power allows it to consider the petition?

23 Which arrangement best describes the judicial structure in India?

24 The Union and a State disagree about the constitutional distribution of legislative powers. Which jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is most relevant?

25 The Supreme Court declares that a statutory provision is unconstitutional. What is the direct basis of this action?

26 A subordinate court refuses to perform a legally required duty. Which writ may the High Court issue to command it to act?

27 Why is the independence of the judiciary important in a constitutional democracy?

28 The President seeks the Supreme Court's opinion on an important question of law or fact. Which jurisdiction is involved?

29 A person is unlawfully detained by a private individual. Which remedy is most directly suited to challenge the detention?

30 A High Court concludes that a subordinate court is hearing a case beyond its legal authority. Which writ can restrain that proceeding?

31 Which feature most clearly distinguishes the Indian judiciary from a system in which federal and state courts are completely separate?

32 A case involving an important constitutional question is transferred from one High Court to another by the Supreme Court. Which power is being exercised?

33 A party argues that the Supreme Court misunderstood an important legal issue in its judgment. Which remedy may initially be sought before the same Court?

34 A public official occupies a statutory office but does not satisfy the legal qualifications for that office. Which writ may challenge the person's authority to continue?

35 Which safeguard makes removal of a Supreme Court judge difficult and helps protect judicial independence?

36 A Supreme Court judgment lays down a legal principle that lower courts must follow in later similar cases. Which constitutional provision supports this effect?

37 An appeal is filed against a decision of a tribunal, even though no specific statutory appeal is available. Which Supreme Court power may permit consideration of the case?

38 A High Court supervises subordinate courts in its territory and requests information about their proceedings. Which constitutional power does this illustrate?

39 A dispute arises over whether a state law conflicts with a parliamentary law on a subject in the Concurrent List. Which institution provides the authoritative judicial resolution?

40 The Supreme Court orders that a victim of unlawful state action receive compensation under its writ jurisdiction. What does this demonstrate?

41 A State government challenges a Union notification, claiming that it violates the State's constitutional powers. The Union argues that the notification is only an administrative instruction and creates no legal dispute. Which consideration is most relevant to determining whether the Supreme Court may exercise original jurisdiction under Article 131?

42 A petitioner directly approaches the Supreme Court under Article 32 alleging violation of a fundamental right, but the alleged violation has already ceased and no continuing injury is shown. Which conclusion is most constitutionally appropriate?

43 A litigant seeks special leave to appeal under Article 136 from an order of a statutory tribunal. The opposing party argues that no appeal lies because the tribunal is not a regular court. Which statement is correct?

44 A Supreme Court judgment contains a broad observation unnecessary for deciding the dispute. A later bench is asked to treat that observation as binding law under Article 141. What is the strongest objection?

45 A lower court faces an exceptional situation in which strict application of an otherwise valid procedural rule would produce serious injustice, and no ordinary remedy is adequate. Which constitutional power most directly enables the Supreme Court to fashion an appropriate remedy?

46 A five-judge Constitution Bench is asked to reconsider a legal rule declared by a seven-judge Bench. Which institutional principle creates the principal obstacle?

47 The President refers a question under Article 143 concerning a politically sensitive constitutional issue. The Supreme Court concludes that answering would be inappropriate in the circumstances. Which statement best describes the position?

48 Which feature most accurately distinguishes India's judicial structure from a dual-court federal model in which federal and state courts operate as separate hierarchies?

49 A district judge is appointed by the Governor without consulting the relevant High Court. The candidate satisfies the required experience qualification. Which constitutional requirement has most directly been disregarded?

50 A proposal seeks to transfer a High Court judge without the judge's consent. Which constitutional position is most accurate?

51 A person challenges an administrative order affecting property rights but does not allege violation of a fundamental right. Which remedy is constitutionally available directly before a High Court, subject to judicial discretion?

52 A cause of action partly arises within State X, while the authority issuing the impugned order is located in State Y. The petitioner approaches the High Court of State X. Which principle is most relevant?

53 A litigant asks a High Court to use Article 227 to supervise a tribunal constituted under a law relating to the armed forces. Which constitutional limitation is decisive?

54 A High Court is asked to issue habeas corpus against a private individual who allegedly confines another person unlawfully. Which conclusion is most accurate?

55 A Supreme Court judgment is alleged to contain an obvious legal error apparent from the record. The aggrieved party invokes the Court's review jurisdiction. Which constitutional provision is directly relevant?

56 A retired Supreme Court judge is invited to sit and act as a judge of the Supreme Court because the Court lacks sufficient judges for a pending matter. Which constitutional mechanism is relevant?

57 A Supreme Court judge is found guilty of proved misbehaviour, but the removal motion receives the required special majority in only one House of Parliament. What follows?

58 A party argues that the Supreme Court cannot punish conduct that obstructs its proceedings because the Constitution does not list a detailed contempt procedure. Which provision defeats this argument?

59 A High Court judge reaches the constitutional retirement age but is simultaneously appointed as an acting Chief Justice of another High Court. Which statement best reflects the constitutional scheme?

60 A person whose fundamental right is violated first obtains an ineffective remedy from a High Court and then approaches the Supreme Court under Article 32. Which statement is most accurate?