Unit 5: Administrative Behaviour - Practice Quiz

PBA115 — Introduction To Public Administration 60 Questions
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1 What is the main purpose of coordination in an organization?

Coordination Easy
A. To assign identical duties to everyone
B. To combine efforts toward common goals
C. To increase competition among employees
D. To remove all organizational rules

2 Which of the following is an important requirement for effective coordination?

Coordination Easy
A. Separate objectives
B. Limited information
C. Unclear authority
D. Clear communication

3 Coordination is especially needed when different departments have:

Coordination Easy
A. Related activities
B. Separate buildings
C. Equal salaries
D. Identical names

4 Which method can help coordinate the work of government departments?

Coordination Easy
A. Unplanned changes
B. Regular meetings
C. Unshared records
D. Private competition

5 What is communication in administration?

Communication Easy
A. Increase of organizational size
B. Preparation of office furniture
C. Control of all employees
D. Exchange of information

6 Which element is necessary for a communication process?

Communication Easy
A. A budget surplus
B. A sender
C. A fixed timetable
D. A building

7 Which type of communication moves from a superior to a subordinate?

Communication Easy
A. Horizontal communication
B. External communication
C. Upward communication
D. Downward communication

8 A report sent by an employee to a department head is an example of:

Communication Easy
A. Diagonal communication
B. Public communication
C. Upward communication
D. Downward communication

9 What is leadership primarily concerned with?

Leadership Easy
A. Maintaining buildings and equipment
B. Replacing organizational policies
C. Influencing people to achieve goals
D. Recording attendance every day

10 A good leader should provide employees with:

Leadership Easy
A. Unclear expectations
B. Direction and guidance
C. Unrelated assignments
D. Conflicting instructions

11 Which quality is commonly associated with effective leadership?

Leadership Easy
A. Indifference
B. Integrity
C. Confusion
D. Inconsistency

12 Leadership in public administration should mainly serve:

Leadership Easy
A. Personal popularity
B. Private entertainment
C. The public interest
D. Individual convenience

13 What is supervision?

Supervision Easy
A. Eliminating workplace plans
B. Collecting private donations
C. Overseeing the work of employees
D. Designing national constitutions

14 A supervisor is usually responsible for:

Supervision Easy
A. Avoiding employee feedback
B. Guiding subordinates
C. Ignoring work progress
D. Removing all procedures

15 Which activity is part of supervision?

Supervision Easy
A. Preventing useful instruction
B. Avoiding all communication
C. Hiding work standards
D. Checking work performance

16 Constructive feedback from a supervisor helps employees to:

Supervision Easy
A. Disregard organizational goals
B. Stop communicating with colleagues
C. Avoid all responsibilities
D. Improve their performance

17 What is decision-making?

Decision-making Easy
A. Repeating every past action
B. Collecting unrelated information
C. Choosing among alternatives
D. Avoiding organizational problems

18 What is usually the first step in decision-making?

Decision-making Easy
A. Announcing the final choice
B. Evaluating the results
C. Identifying the problem
D. Implementing the solution

19 Which factor is important when making an administrative decision?

Decision-making Easy
A. Hidden objectives
B. Relevant information
C. Personal rumors
D. Unrelated opinions

20 A decision made according to established rules is called a:

Decision-making Easy
A. Random decision
B. Personal decision
C. Delayed decision
D. Programmed decision

21 A public health department and a municipal sanitation department are planning separate campaigns to reduce waterborne diseases. What is the most effective coordination strategy?

Coordination Medium
A. Create a joint plan with shared responsibilities
B. Allow each department to work independently
C. Ask both departments to submit separate reports
D. Transfer the entire campaign to one department

22 Two divisions in a government agency are using different procedures to process similar applications. Which action would best improve coordination?

Coordination Medium
A. Require applicants to contact both divisions
B. Permit each division to design separate targets
C. Standardize key procedures across both divisions
D. Increase the number of supervisory meetings

23 A disaster-response team includes police, firefighters, medical staff, and local officials. Which arrangement is most likely to prevent conflicting instructions during an emergency?

Coordination Medium
A. Separate communication channels for each unit
B. Rotating authority among all participating agencies
C. A unified command structure
D. Independent decisions by each agency

24 A policy implementation committee discovers that several agencies are collecting the same data from citizens. What should it recommend first?

Coordination Medium
A. Assign more staff to each agency
B. Develop a shared data-collection system
C. Increase the number of data-collection forms
D. Require citizens to provide data more frequently

25 A supervisor sends a technical policy document to field workers, but implementation errors continue. Which communication improvement is most appropriate?

Communication Medium
A. Send the same document more frequently
B. Reduce opportunities for employee questions
C. Use plain language and practical examples
D. Add more technical terms to the policy

26 An agency announces a major organizational change through an informal messaging group before issuing an official notice. What is the main administrative risk?

Communication Medium
A. Employees may receive inconsistent information
B. The change may be implemented too efficiently
C. The agency may use too many official documents
D. Managers may have excessive control over communication

27 A citizen complaint is passed through several offices and loses important details. Which measure would best address this problem?

Communication Medium
A. Limit complaints to verbal submissions
B. Send complaints only to senior officials
C. Use a documented communication chain
D. Allow each office to rewrite complaints

28 During a staff meeting, employees remain silent even though several implementation problems exist. Which action would most improve upward communication?

Communication Medium
A. Create a safe system for reporting concerns
B. Increase penalties for missed targets
C. Require employees to submit only positive feedback
D. Restrict meetings to senior managers

29 A newly appointed administrator inherits a team with low morale after repeated policy changes. Which leadership response is most appropriate?

Leadership Medium
A. Ignore employee concerns until results improve
B. Explain priorities and involve staff in planning
C. Replace experienced staff with new employees
D. Impose strict rules without consultation

30 A department head must lead professionals who possess more technical knowledge than the head. Which leadership approach is most effective?

Leadership Medium
A. Allow experts to operate without common goals
B. Avoid decisions involving technical matters
C. Set direction while using expert staff input
D. Make all technical decisions personally

31 A public organization is introducing a digital service, but employees resist the change because they fear job losses. What should the leader do first?

Leadership Medium
A. Cancel the reform to preserve existing routines
B. Punish employees who question the reform
C. Explain the change and address employee concerns
D. Introduce the system immediately without discussion

32 A manager gives employees authority to solve routine service problems but retains responsibility for major policy decisions. This illustrates which leadership practice?

Leadership Medium
A. Avoidance of managerial responsibility
B. Delegation with accountability
C. Complete administrative decentralization
D. Centralization of all operational decisions

33 A supervisor notices that an employee repeatedly submits incomplete case files. What is the best initial supervisory action?

Supervision Medium
A. Transfer the employee without discussing performance
B. Review the problem and provide corrective guidance
C. Immediately recommend dismissal
D. Ignore the errors if deadlines are met

34 A supervisor checks every minor action taken by staff, causing delays and reducing initiative. Which adjustment would improve supervision?

Supervision Medium
A. Increase approval requirements for routine tasks
B. Require written permission for every decision
C. Replace staff meetings with individual inspections
D. Focus monitoring on results and critical risks

35 A field officer meets performance targets but receives frequent complaints about discourteous treatment of citizens. What should the supervisor do?

Supervision Medium
A. Ignore conduct because targets are achieved
B. Lower the officer's workload without feedback
C. Reward the officer solely for meeting numerical targets
D. Address both service results and conduct

36 A supervisor wants to assess whether a training program improved employees' performance. Which method provides the strongest evidence?

Supervision Medium
A. Ask only whether employees enjoyed training
B. Compare performance before and after training
C. Measure attendance without reviewing work quality
D. Count the number of training sessions held

37 A public manager must choose between two programs, but the available data are incomplete. Which approach is most appropriate?

Decision-making Medium
A. Select the least expensive option automatically
B. Delay the decision until perfect information exists
C. Use the best evidence and assess major risks
D. Choose the program with the strongest political support

38 A committee selects a proposal because its members support it, even though an alternative has stronger evidence of effectiveness. Which decision-making problem is shown?

Decision-making Medium
A. Incremental adjustment
B. Standard operating procedure
C. Groupthink
D. Delegated authority

39 A manager must reduce operating costs without reducing essential services. Which decision-making step should come first?

Decision-making Medium
A. Select the most familiar solution
B. Define the problem and decision criteria
C. Announce the decision before collecting data
D. Evaluate results before identifying alternatives

40 A department continues using an outdated procedure because changing it would require effort, even though better alternatives are available. What bias is most likely involved?

Decision-making Medium
A. Representative bias
B. Confirmation bias
C. Status quo bias
D. Availability bias

41 A public health department, municipal council, and water authority must jointly reduce cholera outbreaks. Each agency agrees on the goal, but their performance indicators reward separate outputs. Which coordination mechanism is most likely to produce sustained joint action?

Coordination Hard
A. A central circular requiring identical procedures in all agencies
B. A larger budget allocation to each agency without joint conditions
C. A shared outcome framework with pooled responsibilities and review
D. An informal agreement among senior officers to exchange updates

42 Two departments repeatedly delay a housing project because each must approve the other's technical submissions. Their formal mandates overlap, but neither has authority to resolve disputes. Which intervention best addresses the underlying coordination failure?

Coordination Hard
A. Require both departments to submit separate progress reports
B. Create a designated integrator with defined escalation authority
C. Allow each department to interpret the mandate independently
D. Increase the frequency of interdepartmental staff meetings

43 A disaster-response network performs well during routine operations but fails when a flood creates simultaneous demands across agencies. Which design principle would most improve coordination under these conditions?

Coordination Hard
A. Preserve fixed procedures to prevent discretionary variation
B. Centralize every operational decision in one headquarters
C. Assign each agency an independent emergency objective
D. Use modular roles with authority to reconfigure resources

44 A coordination committee has representatives from ten agencies, but meetings produce consensus statements rather than operational commitments. Which change is most likely to improve its effectiveness?

Coordination Hard
A. Add more representatives to broaden institutional legitimacy
B. Require unanimous approval for every implementation detail
C. Give the committee decision rights over defined joint tasks
D. Replace written agendas with informal discussion sessions

45 A ministry sends accurate policy instructions to regional offices, yet implementation varies widely because local officers interpret key terms differently. Which communication improvement is most appropriate?

Communication Hard
A. Allow regional offices to replace the policy terminology
B. Add interpretive examples and a feedback mechanism
C. Increase the volume of identical messages sent downward
D. Restrict communication to formal legal terminology

46 During an emergency, officials receive frequent situation reports from multiple sources. The reports are individually credible but collectively contradictory. Which communication strategy best supports administrative judgment?

Communication Hard
A. Accept the report from the most senior agency
B. Delay decisions until every report becomes identical
C. Use a common reporting format with source verification
D. Distribute all reports without ranking their reliability

47 A supervisor's message is technically clear, but employees conceal implementation problems because they fear sanctions. What is the most important communication diagnosis?

Communication Hard
A. The message lacks sufficient technical vocabulary
B. The communication channel is excessively informal
C. The feedback climate is suppressing upward communication
D. The employees require more one-way instructions

48 A government agency introduces a digital dashboard to improve transparency. Staff begin optimizing visible indicators while neglecting unmeasured service quality. Which communication-related risk does this illustrate?

Communication Hard
A. The dashboard eliminates all horizontal communication
B. The staff have received too many informal messages
C. The indicator becomes a distorted substitute for the mission
D. The agency has reduced information asymmetry too far

49 A newly appointed administrator inherits a fragmented agency with low trust and strong professional subcultures. Which leadership approach is most likely to create durable change?

Leadership Hard
A. Impose rapid structural changes through executive directives
B. Avoid challenging subcultures until formal authority increases
C. Delegate the entire reform agenda to external consultants
D. Build a shared purpose while distributing ownership of reforms

50 A leader must implement an unpopular austerity measure while preserving staff commitment. Which action best reflects ethically effective administrative leadership?

Leadership Hard
A. Explain constraints, disclose trade-offs, and invite mitigation ideas
B. Transfer responsibility to middle managers without explanation
C. Emphasize loyalty and discourage discussion of adverse effects
D. Present the measure as temporary regardless of available evidence

51 A technically exceptional director makes all important decisions personally. Short-term performance rises, but staff initiative and succession capacity decline. Which leadership correction is most appropriate?

Leadership Hard
A. Replace technical expertise with complete staff autonomy
B. Increase personal oversight to prevent further mistakes
C. Rotate all decision authority randomly among employees
D. Retain strategic control while delegating bounded decisions

52 A reform leader receives praise for visible early successes, but frontline indicators suggest that implementation burdens are growing. What should the leader do first?

Leadership Hard
A. Punish units reporting difficulties to reinforce compliance
B. Test reported success against frontline evidence and revise plans
C. Publicize the early successes to strengthen reform momentum
D. Suspend all reform activity until complete agreement is reached

53 A supervisor evaluates caseworkers solely by the number of cases closed. Closure rates rise, but unresolved appeals increase. Which supervisory redesign is most defensible?

Supervision Hard
A. Increase closure targets to compensate for additional appeals
B. Replace closure rates with supervisor impressions alone
C. Use a balanced set of quantity, quality, and outcome measures
D. Evaluate only compliance with attendance requirements

54 A field office consistently misses deadlines because procedures require approvals from an unavailable central officer. The supervisor should first:

Supervision Hard
A. Issue warnings for every missed deadline immediately
B. Add another reporting form to document delays
C. Map the workflow and remove or delegate the bottleneck
D. Require staff to work around the procedure secretly

55 A supervisor notices that employees follow rules rigidly even when doing so harms vulnerable clients. Which supervisory response best preserves legality while encouraging sound judgment?

Supervision Hard
A. Require stricter compliance without discussing client circumstances
B. Permit employees to disregard rules whenever outcomes seem beneficial
C. Transfer all difficult cases to the supervisor permanently
D. Clarify discretionary boundaries and review exceptional cases

56 A remote-work team appears highly productive according to activity logs, yet service users report declining responsiveness. Which supervisory approach best addresses this discrepancy?

Supervision Hard
A. Increase monitoring of login duration and keystroke frequency
B. Combine activity data with service-quality and user-feedback evidence
C. Ignore user complaints because digital activity is measurable
D. Require employees to return onsite without examining causes

57 A policy team must choose among alternatives using incomplete evidence, limited time, and potentially irreversible consequences. Which decision rule is most appropriate?

Decision-making Hard
A. Use staged commitment with explicit triggers for revision
B. Wait for complete information before taking any action
C. Choose the cheapest option regardless of future consequences
D. Select the option favored by the largest internal group

58 A committee reaches a unanimous decision after members suppress doubts to preserve harmony. Later evidence reveals major risks that no one discussed. Which safeguard would have best reduced this failure?

Decision-making Hard
A. Limit participation to members with similar policy preferences
B. Require members to endorse the preliminary recommendation publicly
C. Allow the chair to summarize consensus before discussion
D. Assign a dissenting role and require independent risk analysis

59 An agency must allocate scarce emergency shelters. A purely efficiency-based rule serves more people overall but excludes a small high-risk group. Which decision process is most defensible?

Decision-making Hard
A. Compare efficiency with equity using publicly stated criteria
B. Maximize total beneficiaries without considering distribution
C. Prioritize politically influential communities to ensure support
D. Use an unwritten norm so officials can adapt case by case

60 A program appears successful because its beneficiaries are improving, but evaluation shows that participants were already more likely to succeed than nonparticipants. What decision error is most evident?

Decision-making Hard
A. Using a comparison group that is too large
B. Overestimating the cost of program implementation
C. Attributing selection effects to program impact
D. Treating administrative data as irrelevant evidence