1 $Which of the following is a flagship program by NABARD designed for the holistic development of tribal communities, often referred to as the 'Wadi' model?$

A.

Tribal Development Fund (TDF)

B.

Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF)

C.

Kisan Credit Card (KCC)

D.

Long Term Irrigation Fund (LTIF)

2 $In the context of ICAR's institutional initiatives, what does KVK stand for?$

A.

Krishi Vikas Kendra

B.

Krishi Vigyan Kendra

C.

Kisan Vani Kendra

D.

Kisan Vigyan Kendra

3 $Which type of risk in farming systems arises from uncertainties in weather, pests, and diseases affecting crop yield?$

A.

Market Risk

B.

Production Risk

C.

Financial Risk

D.

Institutional Risk

4 $The Amul case study is a classic example of which livelihood model?$

A.

Contract Farming

B.

Corporate Farming

C.

Cooperative Farming

D.

State Farming

5 $What is the primary objective of the Integrated Farming System (IFS) model advocated by ICAR?$

A.

To focus solely on monoculture for export

B.

To integrate various farm enterprises to maximize recycling of residues and income

C.

To replace agriculture with industrial manufacturing

D.

To eliminate the need for irrigation

6 $Under NABARD's initiatives, what constitutes a Joint Liability Group (JLG) ?$

A.

A group of large corporate farmers

B.

A formal partnership between government and NGOs

C.

An informal group of 4-10 individuals availing bank loans on mutual guarantee

D.

A merger of two rural banks

7 $Which mathematical concept is critical for calculating the financial risk associated with debt in farming enterprises?$

A.

Debt-to-Asset Ratio ()

B.

Photosynthetic Efficiency

C.

Soil pH Level

D.

Seed Replacement Rate

8 $The ITC e-Choupal initiative is a successful case study primarily addressing which aspect of the farming livelihood system?$

A.

Irrigation infrastructure

B.

Supply chain and information asymmetry

C.

Genetic modification of seeds

D.

Free distribution of tractors

9 $What is the key feature of a Farmer Producer Organization (FPO) ?$

A.

It is a government agency regulating prices

B.

It is a legal entity formed by farmers to leverage economies of scale

C.

It is a charitable trust for free food distribution

D.

It is a bank specifically for buying land

10 $In the context of risk management, what is hedging ?$

A.

Planting trees around the farm boundary

B.

Using financial instruments (futures/options) to lock in prices

C.

Mixing two different fertilizers

D.

Reducing water usage during drought

11 $Which NABARD initiative focuses on digitizing the records of Self Help Groups (SHGs)?$

A.

E-Shakti

B.

E-Nam

C.

Kisan Suvidha

D.

Agri-Udaan

12 $The ARYA (Attracting and Retaining Youth in Agriculture) project is implemented by which organization?$

A.

World Bank

B.

NABARD

C.

ICAR

D.

FAO

13 $Which of the following is a significant Institutional Risk in farming?$

A.

Unexpected changes in government policies or import tariffs

B.

Failure of a tractor engine

C.

Outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease

D.

Heavy rainfall during harvest

14 $What is the primary role of Agri-Business Incubators (ABIs) set up by ICAR?$

A.

To hatch eggs for poultry farming

B.

To nurture early-stage agricultural startups and entrepreneurs

C.

To store excess grain reserves

D.

To provide loans for personal housing

15 $In successful farming enterprises, what does Value Addition imply?$

A.

Buying more land

B.

Processing raw produce to enhance its utility and price

C.

Adding more water to milk

D.

Using more chemical fertilizers

16 $Which scheme supported by the government and banks provides adequate and timely credit support to farmers for their cultivation and other needs under a single window?$

A.

Kisan Credit Card (KCC)

B.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana

C.

Soil Health Card

D.

MGNREGA

17 $What is the primary success factor of Contract Farming models like those used by PepsiCo for potatoes?$

A.

Elimination of all farm labor

B.

Guaranteed buy-back assurance and technology support

C.

Ownership of land by the corporation

D.

Complete dependence on monsoon

18 $The Mera Gaon Mera Gaurav initiative involves:$

A.

Scientists adopting villages to provide technical information

B.

Politicians adopting villages for infrastructure

C.

Banks adopting villages for 100% digitalization

D.

Exporting village products directly to the USA

19 $Which of the following is a strategy to mitigate Market Risk ?$

A.

Installing drip irrigation

B.

Vaccinating livestock

C.

Diversification of crops and enterprises

D.

Using higher quality seeds

20 $What is the focus of the SHG-BLP (Self Help Group-Bank Linkage Programme) pioneered by NABARD?$

A.

linking large industries to global banks

B.

Connecting informal rural groups with the formal banking system

C.

Creating a new currency for rural areas

D.

privatizing national banks

21 $In the context of farming livelihood models, what does RIDF stand for?$

A.

Rural Investment and Development Foundation

B.

Rural Infrastructure Development Fund

C.

Regional Irrigation and Dam Fund

D.

Rapid Industrial Development Fund

22 $The Kudumbashree mission in Kerala is a celebrated case study of:$

A.

Corporate-led mega farming

B.

Community-based women's empowerment and poverty eradication

C.

Fully automated hydroponics

D.

Export-only floriculture

23 $Which equation best represents the concept of Profit in a commercial farming model?$

A.

B.

C.

D.

24 $Which technology transfer model involves 'Learning by Doing' through Frontline Demonstrations (FLDs) ?$

A.

The KVK Model

B.

The Bank Loan Model

C.

The Corporate Retail Model

D.

The Futures Market Model

25 $PMFBY is a major institutional initiative aimed at managing which type of farming risk?$

A.

Price volatility in international markets

B.

Crop loss due to non-preventable natural risks

C.

High interest rates on personal loans

D.

Lack of labor availability

26 $What is the primary function of NABCONS ?$

A.

It is a consultancy subsidiary of NABARD

B.

It is a type of high-yield seed

C.

It is a disease affecting cattle

D.

It is a water conservation technique

27 $A farmer growing only wheat is practicing monoculture . Which risk is significantly higher here compared to polyculture ?$

A.

Complex management risk

B.

Biological and Economic risk (Crop failure impacts 100% of income)

C.

Machinery maintenance risk

D.

Transportation risk

28 $Which ICAR initiative aims to link research institutes directly with farmers to speed up technology dissemination?$

A.

Lab to Land Programme

B.

Land to Market Programme

C.

Ship to Mouth Programme

D.

Bank to Pocket Programme

29 $In the Poultry Integrator Model (e.g., Suguna Foods), who bears the market price risk of the chicken?$

A.

The Contract Farmer

B.

The Integrator Company

C.

The Government

D.

The Consumer

30 $Which of the following is considered a Personal Risk in farming livelihoods?$

A.

Inflation

B.

Injury, illness, or death of the primary farmer

C.

Hailstorm

D.

Change in fertilizer subsidy

31 $The Wadi model is particularly successful in which type of agro-climatic condition?$

A.

Coastal wetlands

B.

Deep snow regions

C.

Rainfed/dryland tribal areas

D.

Urban rooftop gardens

32 $What does AICRP stand for in the context of ICAR's research framework?$

A.

All India Coordinated Research Project

B.

Agricultural Institute for Crop Research and Production

C.

Association of Indian Crop Research Programs

D.

Annual Income Calculation for Rural People

33 $Success in Organic Farming models heavily depends on:$

A.

Using maximum synthetic pesticides

B.

Certification and premium market linkage

C.

Growing Genetically Modified (GM) crops

D.

Ignoring pest attacks

34 $What is Precision Farming ?$

A.

Farming done only during the day

B.

Using satellite imagery and sensors to optimize input use (waste, yield)

C.

Farming with scissors only

D.

Guessing the exact amount of rain

35 $NABARD's Rural Haat initiative aims to:$

A.

Build skyscrapers in villages

B.

Upgrade rural periodic markets to improve marketing infrastructure

C.

Ban local trading

D.

Import foreign goods to villages

36 $Which factor is most critical for the success of a Dairy Cooperative ?$

A.

Cold chain logistics and processing infrastructure

B.

Importing milk from abroad

C.

Discouraging farmers from owning cattle

D.

Using plastic milk bottles only

37 $What is the role of APEDA in farming livelihoods?$

A.

Providing crop insurance

B.

Promoting export of agricultural and processed food products

C.

Researching new seed varieties

D.

Regulating domestic vegetable prices

38 $In the context of sustainable livelihoods, LEISA stands for:$

A.

Low External Input and Sustainable Agriculture

B.

Large Enterprise Investment in South Asia

C.

Legal Enforcement of Indian Soil Acts

D.

Long-term Export Incentives for South Africa

39 $Which of the following represents a Financial Risk mitigation strategy?$

A.

Crop rotation

B.

Maintaining liquid cash reserves and creditworthiness

C.

Using insect nets

D.

Checking weather forecasts

40 $The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is a methodology aimed at:$

A.

Increasing water usage by 50%

B.

Increasing rice yield with less water and seed

C.

Eliminating rice farming

D.

Promoting wheat farming in wetlands

41 $What is Economies of Scale in the context of FPOs?$

A.

Cost per unit increases as production increases

B.

Cost per unit decreases as the volume of operation increases

C.

Profits decrease as members increase

D.

Production remains constant regardless of inputs

42 $Which ICAR body is responsible for preserving the germplasm of various crops?$

A.

NBPGR (National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources)

B.

SBI (State Bank of India)

C.

FCI (Food Corporation of India)

D.

IMD (India Meteorological Department)

43 $A case study of Mushroom cultivation for landless laborers highlights which advantage?$

A.

Requirement of large acreage of land

B.

High vertical space utilization and low land requirement

C.

Dependency on heavy machinery

D.

Requirement of direct sunlight

44 $What is the Producer Companies Act related to?$

A.

Regulation of movie producers

B.

Incorporation of FPOs as companies with cooperative principles

C.

Taxation of industrial factories

D.

Ban on chemical production

45 $Which of the following is a Post-Harvest loss factor?$

A.

Poor germination of seeds

B.

Lack of storage and transportation facilities leading to spoilage

C.

Drought during the growing season

D.

Weed infestation in the field

46 $The Karnal Technology (using gypsum) is a successful case study for:$

A.

Growing apples in deserts

B.

Reclamation of alkali/sodic soils

C.

Deep sea fishing

D.

Preserving mangoes

47 $What role does Minimum Support Price (MSP) play in livelihood security?$

A.

It sets the maximum price a farmer can earn

B.

It acts as a safety net protecting farmers from sharp price falls

C.

It taxes the farmers for selling produce

D.

It is the price farmers pay for seeds

48 $In the context of farming models, what is Vertical Integration ?$

A.

Growing tall crops only

B.

A single company controlling multiple stages of the supply chain (e.g., feed, farming, processing)

C.

Farming on hills

D.

Buying a drone

49 $Custom Hiring Centers (CHCs) are an institutional initiative to address:$

A.

Lack of seeds

B.

High cost of farm machinery for small farmers

C.

Shortage of water

D.

Lack of electricity

50 $Which represents a Sustainable Livelihood Framework asset?$

A.

Social Capital (networks, groups)

B.

Debt Capital

C.

Liability Capital

D.

Risk Capital

Unit 5 - Practice Quiz