1 $Which concept describes the process by which religious symbols and rituals are adapted to the logic of media formats?$

A.

Mediatization of Religion

B.

Theocratic Media

C.

Secularization

D.

Religious Fundamentalism

2 $What term is often used to describe the broadcasting of religious services and programs, particularly within Christianity?$

A.

Cyber-worship

B.

Televangelism

C.

Tele-education

D.

Digital Theology

3 $In the context of media and religion, what does the 'marketplace of religion' imply?$

A.

Stock market trends of religious organizations

B.

The cost of buying religious artifacts

C.

Banning religion from commercial television

D.

Religions compete for followers like products in a market via media

4 $Which theory suggests that exposure to scientific and diverse media content leads to a decline in religious authority?$

A.

Agenda Setting Theory

B.

Uses and Gratifications Theory

C.

Secularization Theory

D.

Cultivation Theory

5 $How does the 'Digital Religion' concept differ from 'Religion Online'?$

A.

Digital Religion refers only to cults

B.

Digital Religion involves interactive religious practices online

C.

There is no difference

D.

Religion Online involves actual rituals

6 $The combination of education and entertainment in media to make learning enjoyable is known as:$

A.

Edutainment

B.

Docudrama

C.

Reality TV

D.

Infotainment

7 $Which term describes the gap between those who have access to modern information and communication technology and those who do not?$

A.

Tech Barrier

B.

Digital Divide

C.

Knowledge Gap

D.

Media Split

8 $In the sociology of media and education, what is 'Media Literacy'?$

A.

The ability to read newspapers only

B.

The technical skill to repair televisions

C.

Knowing the history of Hollywood

D.

The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media

9 $What is the 'Hidden Curriculum' in the context of media consumption?$

A.

Secret courses offered online

B.

Unintended values and norms transmitted through media content

C.

Government censorship of textbooks

D.

Paid subscriptions to educational channels

10 $Which platform type has revolutionized distance education through Massive Open Online Courses?$

A.

MMORPGs

B.

RFID

C.

VoIP

D.

MOOCs

11 $How has the 'Gig Economy', facilitated by media apps, changed the institution of occupation?$

A.

It has increased long-term job security

B.

It has eliminated the need for the internet

C.

It has standardized 9-to-5 working hours

D.

It has shifted work towards short-term, freelance contracts

12 $Which term refers to the blurring of lines between work and leisure due to mobile media technology?$

A.

Digital Detox

B.

Always-on Culture

C.

Work-Life Integration

D.

Telecommuting

13 $In media representations of occupation, manual labor and working-class jobs are often:$

A.

Underrepresented or stereotyped

B.

Given the most screen time

C.

Overrepresented

D.

portrayed as the most desirable

14 $What is the 'Glass Ceiling' in the context of media professions?$

A.

The physical structure of a newsroom

B.

The limit of bandwidth in broadcasting

C.

The transparent nature of news reporting

D.

Barriers that prevent women and minorities from reaching top hierarchy positions

15 $Which theorist coined the term 'Prosumer' to describe the merging of producer and consumer roles in the digital economy?$

A.

Karl Marx

B.

Max Weber

C.

Emile Durkheim

D.

Alvin Toffler

16 $The process by which editors and journalists select which news stories get covered and which do not is called:$

A.

Sensationalism

B.

Framing

C.

Priming

D.

Gatekeeping

17 $Which theory suggests that the media doesn't tell people what to think, but what to think about ?$

A.

Hypodermic Needle Theory

B.

Agenda-Setting Theory

C.

Spiral of Silence

D.

Two-Step Flow

18 $What is 'Yellow Journalism'?$

A.

Journalism that is purely objective

B.

Journalism focusing on environmental issues

C.

Digital-only journalism

D.

Sensationalist journalism based on exaggeration

19 $The concept of 'Manufacturing Consent', regarding how news media supports the status quo, is associated with:$

A.

Pierre Bourdieu

B.

Noam Chomsky and Edward Herman

C.

Marshall McLuhan

D.

Stuart Hall

20 $What is 'Citizen Journalism'?$

A.

Paid professional reporting

B.

News reported by the general public using smartphones and blogs

C.

Journalism restricted to citizens of a specific country

D.

News written by government officials

21 $The 'Fourth Estate' refers to which social institution?$

A.

The Church

B.

The Military

C.

The News Media

D.

The Judiciary

22 $Which of the following creates a 'Filter Bubble' in news consumption?$

A.

Reading physical newspapers

B.

Algorithmic curation of content based on user history

C.

Watching public broadcast television

D.

Library archives

23 $In news media, 'Framing' refers to:$

A.

Putting a picture in a wooden frame

B.

The length of a news segment

C.

The cost of advertising

D.

The way an issue is posed or presented to influence interpretation

24 $The dominant mode of film production in the US during the 1930s and 40s was known as:$

A.

New Wave Cinema

B.

The Studio System

C.

The Indie Movement

D.

Direct Cinema

25 $What is 'Vertical Integration' in the context of film production?$

A.

Integrating digital effects with practical effects

B.

Hiring actors of different heights

C.

A single company controlling production, distribution, and exhibition

D.

Using tall camera angles

26 $Which theory argues that the director is the primary creative force behind a film?$

A.

Marxist Theory

B.

Auteur Theory

C.

Genre Theory

D.

Reception Theory

27 $What is 'Runaway Production'?$

A.

A film that is never released

B.

Production without a script

C.

Filming in a location other than where the story is set or the studio is based (often for tax incentives)

D.

A movie that goes over budget

28 $In film production, what does 'Greenlighting' mean?$

A.

Recycling set materials

B.

Lighting the set with eco-friendly bulbs

C.

Using a green screen for special effects

D.

Formal approval to move a project from development to production

29 $The practice of featuring branded products in films for a fee is called:$

A.

Merchandising

B.

Commercial break

C.

Product placement

D.

Subliminal messaging

30 $Which crew member in film production is primarily responsible for the financial and organizational aspects of the film?$

A.

Producer

B.

Director

C.

Gaffer

D.

Cinematographer

31 $How has digitalization primarily impacted film distribution?$

A.

It has made film reels heavier

B.

It has reduced the number of films made

C.

It has eliminated the need for actors

D.

It enables instant global streaming and reduces physical shipping costs

32 $Laura Mulvey's concept of the 'Male Gaze' in cinema suggests that:$

A.

Male actors are paid more

B.

Men watch more movies than women

C.

Directors are usually men

D.

Films are constructed for the viewing pleasure of a heterosexual male spectator

33 $The 'Bechdel Test' is a measure used to evaluate:$

A.

The representation of women in fiction/film

B.

The violence level in a movie

C.

The budget efficiency

D.

The technical quality of film stock

34 $The concept of 'Cultural Imperialism' in cinema refers to:$

A.

The dominance of Hollywood films imposing American values on other cultures

B.

The exchange of art films between nations

C.

The use of imperial themes in movies

D.

The strict censorship of foreign films

35 $Which term describes the psychological function of cinema allowing audiences to retreat from daily realities?$

A.

Realism

B.

Activism

C.

Journalism

D.

Escapism

36 $What is 'Bollywood'?$

A.

The American film industry

B.

A specific genre of horror movies

C.

A film festival in London

D.

The Hindi-language film industry based in Mumbai

37 $A 'Moral Panic' regarding cinema often involves concerns about:$

A.

The price of popcorn

B.

The use of digital cameras

C.

The length of the credits

D.

The impact of on-screen violence or sexuality on youth behavior

38 $Which theory focuses on how audiences actively interpret and derive meaning from films based on their own background?$

A.

Magic Bullet Theory

B.

Structuralism

C.

Reception Theory

D.

Political Economy

39 $The portrayal of a specific group in a simplified and often negative way in cinema is known as:$

A.

Stereotyping

B.

Method Acting

C.

Casting

D.

Archetype

40 $What role does the 'Star System' play in the sociology of cinema?$

A.

It rates movies from 1 to 5 stars

B.

It maps the constellations

C.

It markets films through the persona and social capital of famous actors

D.

It determines lighting on set

41 $In the context of media and education, 'Distance Learning' has been most accelerated by:$

A.

Broadband internet and video conferencing

B.

Radio

C.

Postal service

D.

Telegraph

42 $The phrase 'Opium of the people' was used by Marx to describe religion, but is often applied by sociologists to which media form?$

A.

Textbooks

B.

Television/Entertainment

C.

News

D.

Radio

43 $Which of the following is an example of 'User Generated Content' (UGC) affecting news media?$

A.

A syndicated comic strip

B.

A weather report from the meteorology department

C.

An editorial by the Chief Editor

D.

A viral tweet containing footage of a breaking event

44 $What is 'Media Convergence'?$

A.

A conference for media tycoons

B.

The decline of digital media

C.

The merging of mass communication outlets (print, TV, radio, internet) into portable digital devices

D.

The separation of different media devices

45 $In the context of media and occupation, what is 'LinkedIn' primarily used for?$

A.

Sharing vacation photos

B.

Dating

C.

Streaming movies

D.

Professional networking and recruitment

46 $The 'Cultivation Theory' (Gerbner) suggests that heavy TV viewers:$

A.

Perceive the world as more dangerous than it actually is (Mean World Syndrome)

B.

Stop watching TV eventually

C.

Become more violent

D.

Become more educated

47 $The representation of religion in news media often focuses on:$

A.

Historical accuracy

B.

Everyday peaceful rituals

C.

Conflict, controversy, and extremism

D.

Theological depth

48 $Which of the following is a function of media as a social institution?$

A.

Entertainment

B.

All of the above

C.

Socialization

D.

Surveillance

49 $What distinguishes 'New Media' from 'Traditional Media'?$

A.

There is no distinction

B.

Traditional Media uses electricity

C.

New Media is always more expensive

D.

New Media allows for interactivity and on-demand access

50 $In film studies, the 'Fourth Wall' refers to:$

A.

The screen itself

B.

The imaginary barrier between the actors/story and the audience

C.

The ceiling of the set

D.

The projection booth

Unit 4 - Practice Quiz