Unit 5: Resiliency, Monitoring, and Automation - Practice Quiz

INT364 — Cloud Architecture And Implementation-Ii 60 Questions
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1 Which AWS service collects and monitors metrics from AWS resources?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Easy
A. Amazon CloudWatch
B. AWS CodeCommit
C. AWS CloudFormation
D. Amazon Route 53

2 What is the purpose of an Amazon CloudWatch alarm?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Easy
A. To distribute requests across servers
B. To create resources from a template
C. To resolve domain names to addresses
D. To respond when a metric crosses a threshold

3 Which CloudWatch feature is used to collect and store application log data?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Easy
A. CloudWatch Events
B. CloudWatch Alarms
C. CloudWatch Metrics
D. CloudWatch Logs

4 Which metric commonly shows the processor usage of an Amazon EC2 instance?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Easy
A. RequestCount
B. HealthCheckStatus
C. BucketSizeBytes
D. CPUUtilization

5 What is the main purpose of Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling?

Scaling compute resources using Auto Scaling Easy
A. To translate domains into IP addresses
B. To adjust the number of EC2 instances
C. To collect logs from EC2 instances
D. To create databases from snapshots

6 What tells an Auto Scaling group when to add or remove instances?

Scaling compute resources using Auto Scaling Easy
A. A scaling policy
B. A routing policy
C. A cache policy
D. A bucket policy

7 What can an Auto Scaling group do when one of its EC2 instances becomes unhealthy?

Scaling compute resources using Auto Scaling Easy
A. Convert the unhealthy instance
B. Rename the unhealthy instance
C. Archive the unhealthy instance
D. Replace the unhealthy instance

8 Which Auto Scaling group setting prevents the group from scaling below a specified number of instances?

Scaling compute resources using Auto Scaling Easy
A. Reserved capacity
B. Desired capacity
C. Maximum capacity
D. Minimum capacity

9 What is the primary function of an Elastic Load Balancer?

Using load balancers for high availability Easy
A. Store files across buckets
B. Distribute traffic across targets
C. Resolve domains across regions
D. Create templates for resources

10 How does a load balancer support high availability?

Using load balancers for high availability Easy
A. It stores requests in object storage
B. It encrypts every database record
C. It routes requests to healthy targets
D. It converts instances into templates

11 Which Elastic Load Balancing type is designed for HTTP and HTTPS traffic at Layer 7?

Using load balancers for high availability Easy
A. Gateway Load Balancer
B. Application Load Balancer
C. Classic Load Balancer
D. Network Load Balancer

12 What is the primary purpose of Amazon Route 53?

DNS-based routing with Amazon Route 53 Easy
A. Provide source code repositories
B. Provide centralized log storage
C. Provide virtual server scaling
D. Provide DNS and domain routing

13 Which Route 53 routing policy directs users to the AWS Region that provides the lowest network latency?

DNS-based routing with Amazon Route 53 Easy
A. Failover routing
B. Latency routing
C. Simple routing
D. Weighted routing

14 Which Route 53 configuration can send traffic to a backup resource when the primary resource is unhealthy?

DNS-based routing with Amazon Route 53 Easy
A. Simple routing with one endpoint
B. Latency routing with regional records
C. Weighted routing with traffic shares
D. Failover routing with health checks

15 What is AWS CloudFormation primarily used for?

Infrastructure automation with AWS CloudFormation Easy
A. Provisioning infrastructure from templates
B. Balancing infrastructure network traffic
C. Monitoring infrastructure through metrics
D. Routing infrastructure through DNS

16 Which formats can be used to write AWS CloudFormation templates?

Infrastructure automation with AWS CloudFormation Easy
A. HTML or CSS
B. JSON or YAML
C. CSV or TSV
D. PNG or JPEG

17 What is a collection of AWS resources managed together by CloudFormation called?

Infrastructure automation with AWS CloudFormation Easy
A. A metric
B. A zone
C. A target
D. A stack

18 What is the main purpose of AWS Quick Starts?

Automating deployments with AWS Quick Starts and Amazon Q Developer Easy
A. Deploy reference architectures quickly
B. Analyze billing reports automatically
C. Register internet domains quickly
D. Inspect application logs automatically

19 Which AWS service is commonly used by AWS Quick Starts to automate resource deployment?

Automating deployments with AWS Quick Starts and Amazon Q Developer Easy
A. AWS CloudFormation
B. Amazon Route 53
C. AWS CodeCommit
D. Amazon CloudWatch

20 Which task can Amazon Q Developer assist a developer with?

Automating deployments with AWS Quick Starts and Amazon Q Developer Easy
A. Archive and retrieve objects
B. Register and route domains
C. Distribute and balance traffic
D. Generate and explain code

21 An operations team needs to monitor memory utilization on several Amazon EC2 instances. The metric is not available in the CloudWatch console by default. What should the team do?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Medium
A. Create a CloudTrail trail and filter instance memory events
B. Enable VPC Flow Logs and aggregate memory utilization records
C. Install the CloudWatch agent and publish the memory metric
D. Enable EC2 detailed monitoring and select the memory metric

22 CloudTrail events are delivered to a CloudWatch Logs log group. Administrators want an alert whenever repeated unauthorized API calls occur. Which solution best meets this requirement?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Medium
A. Configure AWS Config to perform continuous resource evaluations and send a notification after every configuration snapshot
B. Create a metric filter and attach a CloudWatch alarm
C. Create a dashboard widget that displays all API events
D. Create an EC2 status check and attach an SNS topic

23 A team wants to notify its on-call engineer only when both CPU utilization is high and application error rate is elevated. Which CloudWatch feature should it use?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Medium
A. An anomaly detector for CPU utilization only
B. A dashboard with two metric widgets
C. A log group with two retention policies
D. A composite alarm with an AND rule

24 An alarm monitors an error metric that is emitted only when an error occurs. Missing periods should represent normal operation rather than an unknown state. How should missing data be configured?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Medium
A. Treat missing data as always missing
B. Treat missing data as breaching
C. Ignore all previously evaluated data points
D. Treat missing data as not breaching

25 An application should automatically add or remove EC2 instances to keep average CPU utilization near 50%. Which scaling policy is most appropriate?

Scaling compute resources using Auto Scaling Medium
A. A manual policy controlled through the EC2 console
B. A step policy based only on instance launch failures
C. A scheduled policy that adds two instances every hour
D. A target tracking policy using average CPU utilization

26 An Auto Scaling group uses Elastic Load Balancing health checks. One instance passes its EC2 system checks but repeatedly fails the load balancer health check. What will Auto Scaling do?

Scaling compute resources using Auto Scaling Medium
A. Keep the instance because EC2 checks pass
B. Mark the instance unhealthy and replace it
C. Increase the group's maximum capacity automatically
D. Stop sending traffic but never replace it

27 Before an Auto Scaling group terminates an instance, a script must upload local diagnostic files to Amazon S3. Which feature provides time for this task?

Scaling compute resources using Auto Scaling Medium
A. An Auto Scaling lifecycle hook
B. A launch template version
C. An EC2 placement group
D. A CloudWatch dashboard

28 Traffic increases at 08:00 every weekday and drops at 18:00. The pattern is stable, and capacity must be ready before users arrive. Which approach is most suitable?

Scaling compute resources using Auto Scaling Medium
A. Use manual scaling after administrators observe high CPU
B. Use a lifecycle hook to launch instances at each request
C. Configure scheduled scaling actions for the known times
D. Configure predictive scaling to analyze several unrelated application metrics and replace every existing instance before each traffic increase

29 A company runs /api and /images on different target groups. It wants one load balancer to route requests according to the URL path. Which load balancer should it use?

Using load balancers for high availability Medium
A. An Application Load Balancer
B. A Classic Load Balancer
C. A Gateway Load Balancer
D. A Network Load Balancer

30 A web application must remain available if one Availability Zone fails. Which load-balancing design best supports this requirement?

Using load balancers for high availability Medium
A. Deploy separate load balancers without a common DNS endpoint
B. Deploy an ALB across subnets in multiple Availability Zones
C. Deploy an ALB and all targets in one Availability Zone
D. Deploy one EC2 instance with several listener ports

31 A latency-sensitive TCP service requires very high throughput and a static IP address in each enabled Availability Zone. Which load balancer is the best fit?

Using load balancers for high availability Medium
A. A Gateway Load Balancer
B. A Classic Load Balancer
C. An Application Load Balancer
D. A Network Load Balancer

32 A company hosts its application in two AWS Regions. The secondary Region should receive traffic only when the primary endpoint is unhealthy. Which Route 53 routing policy should be used?

DNS-based routing with Amazon Route 53 Medium
A. Failover routing
B. Weighted routing
C. Geolocation routing
D. Latency-based routing

33 A globally distributed application should direct each user to the AWS Region that currently provides the lowest network latency. Which Route 53 policy is appropriate?

DNS-based routing with Amazon Route 53 Medium
A. Latency-based routing
B. Simple routing
C. A geolocation policy that permanently routes every continent to one Region regardless of measured network performance
D. Multivalue answer routing

34 A company needs the zone apex example.com to resolve to an Application Load Balancer. Which Route 53 record should it create?

DNS-based routing with Amazon Route 53 Medium
A. An MX record targeting the load balancer
B. A CNAME record targeting the load balancer
C. An alias A record targeting the load balancer
D. A TXT record containing the load balancer name

35 An administrator is about to update a production CloudFormation stack and wants to preview which resources will be added, modified, or deleted. What should the administrator create?

Infrastructure automation with AWS CloudFormation Medium
A. A CloudFormation change set
B. A CloudFormation drift report
C. A CloudWatch composite alarm
D. An AWS Config conformance pack

36 A security group managed by CloudFormation was manually modified in the EC2 console. Which feature identifies the difference between the deployed resource and its template?

Infrastructure automation with AWS CloudFormation Medium
A. CloudWatch anomaly detection
B. AWS CloudTrail event history
C. CloudFormation rollback protection
D. CloudFormation drift detection

37 Several application stacks require the same reusable networking configuration. Which CloudFormation design reduces duplication while preserving modularity?

Infrastructure automation with AWS CloudFormation Medium
A. Store screenshots of the network configuration in Amazon S3 and use them as the authoritative deployment definition
B. Place the networking resources in a nested stack
C. Copy the networking resources into every application template
D. Create all networking resources manually before each deployment

38 A company wants to deploy a documented, repeatable reference architecture for a partner solution without manually creating every AWS resource. Which option best meets this need?

Automating deployments with AWS Quick Starts and Amazon Q Developer Medium
A. Create each resource through the AWS console
B. Use Route 53 health checks as deployment scripts
C. Record deployment steps in a CloudWatch dashboard
D. Deploy the appropriate AWS Quick Start

39 A developer is modifying a Quick Start CloudFormation template and encounters an unfamiliar resource property. What is an appropriate use of Amazon Q Developer?

Automating deployments with AWS Quick Starts and Amazon Q Developer Medium
A. Ask it to create AWS permissions without administrator review
B. Ask it to explain the property and suggest template changes
C. Ask it to replace the deployed resources without updating the stack
D. Ask it to bypass CloudFormation validation during deployment

40 Amazon Q Developer generates a proposed CloudFormation modification for a production Quick Start deployment. What is the safest next action?

Automating deployments with AWS Quick Starts and Amazon Q Developer Medium
A. Execute it immediately with administrator credentials
B. Assume generated infrastructure code is automatically secure, compliant, compatible, and ready for unrestricted production deployment without human review
C. Replace the existing stack with manually created resources
D. Validate it, test it, and review a change set

41 An operations team has separate CloudWatch alarms for high latency, elevated error rate, and an active deployment window. Notifications should be sent only when both service alarms are in ALARM and no deployment is underway. Which design best satisfies this requirement without modifying the application?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Hard
A. Create a composite alarm using ALARM(Latency) AND ALARM(Errors) AND NOT ALARM(Deployment) and attach the notification action
B. Configure the latency alarm to invoke the error alarm, then suppress both alarms whenever the deployment metric exists
C. Place all three metrics in one dashboard and configure the dashboard to publish an SNS notification when their widgets simultaneously turn red
D. Create one metric-math alarm that averages latency, error rate, and deployment status before invoking the notification action

42 A p99 latency alarm frequently changes to ALARM when only one or two requests occur during a period. The team wants the alarm to retain its current state when CloudWatch lacks enough samples to evaluate the percentile reliably. Which configuration is appropriate?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Hard
A. Set missing data treatment to breaching and increase the evaluation period
B. Set low-sample percentile evaluation to ignore for the percentile alarm
C. Convert p99 latency to an average statistic and treat missing data as notBreaching
D. Publish zero-valued latency samples during idle periods so that every evaluation window has a statistically complete data set

43 An EC2 fleet scales dynamically, and an alarm must detect when operating-system memory utilization is high on any instance. Only standard EC2 metrics and basic monitoring are currently enabled. What is required?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Hard
A. Create a metric filter over VPC Flow Logs and derive each instance's memory pressure from rejected network packets
B. Enable CloudTrail data events for the instances, then use CloudWatch Logs Insights to calculate resident memory from operating-system API calls
C. Enable EC2 detailed monitoring, which changes memory utilization from five-minute to one-minute resolution
D. Install the CloudWatch agent, publish memory as a custom metric with instance dimensions, and alarm on the required aggregation

44 A central observability account must search logs and visualize metrics from dozens of AWS accounts without copying all telemetry into a new custom repository. Which CloudWatch-native architecture should be used?

Monitoring AWS resources with CloudWatch Hard
A. Create an observability sink in the monitoring account and links from each source account using CloudWatch cross-account observability
B. Share CloudWatch log groups and metric namespaces through AWS Resource Access Manager, granting the monitoring account read-only access
C. Peer every source VPC with the monitoring VPC and use interface endpoints to expose each account's CloudWatch dashboards
D. Export every log group to a centralized S3 bucket, replicate CloudWatch metrics through EventBridge, and reconstruct dashboards with Athena queries

45 An Auto Scaling group has two target-tracking policies: one targets 50% CPU utilization and the other targets 1,000 requests per target. CPU indicates that capacity can decrease, but request volume indicates that it cannot. Assuming scale-in is enabled for both policies, what happens?

Scaling compute resources using Auto Scaling Hard
A. The group does not scale in until both target-tracking policies indicate scale-in
B. The group executes both recommendations sequentially, scaling in for CPU before scaling out again for request volume
C. The group averages the percentage deviations from both targets and follows the resulting sign
D. The group scales in because the CPU policy reached its scale-in threshold first

46 An Auto Scaling group with desired capacity 40 must perform an instance refresh without reducing the number of healthy instances below 40. It may temporarily add at most 10 instances during replacement. Which instance maintenance policy meets these constraints?

Scaling compute resources using Auto Scaling Hard
A. Set minimum healthy percentage to 100% and maximum healthy percentage to 125%
B. Set minimum healthy percentage to 125% and maximum healthy percentage to 150%
C. Set minimum healthy percentage to 75% and maximum healthy percentage to 100%
D. Set minimum healthy percentage to 90%, maximum healthy percentage to 100%, and suspend health-check replacement for the entire refresh

47 A Spot-heavy Auto Scaling group experiences frequent interruptions and occasional failure to launch replacements because one instance type has insufficient capacity. Which design most directly improves resilience?

Scaling compute resources using Auto Scaling Hard
A. Create a scheduled action that replaces the entire Spot fleet every hour before interruption notices are likely to arrive
B. Use one Spot instance type with the lowest historical price and increase the group's maximum capacity
C. Disable Availability Zone rebalancing so that replacement instances remain in the least expensive zone
D. Use a mixed instances policy with diversified instance types and Availability Zones, and enable Capacity Rebalancing

48 Every registered target in an Application Load Balancer target group becomes unhealthy, but clients can still connect to the ALB. How does the ALB normally handle requests in this condition?

Using load balancers for high availability Hard
A. It fails open and routes requests to the registered targets despite their unhealthy status
B. It automatically creates targets in another Availability Zone from the target group's launch template
C. It redirects traffic to the target group's configured disaster-recovery endpoint after the health-check threshold has been exceeded
D. It returns HTTP 503 for every request until at least two targets become healthy

49 A service must route gRPC calls by host and path while terminating TLS at the load balancer. Which configuration is most appropriate?

Using load balancers for high availability Hard
A. Use a Gateway Load Balancer and encode the gRPC service name into a GENEVE flow identifier
B. Use an ALB with an HTTPS listener and configure the target group protocol version as gRPC
C. Use a Network Load Balancer with a UDP listener and configure path rules in the target group
D. Use a Classic Load Balancer with TCP listeners, enabling application-cookie stickiness so the listener can inspect each gRPC method

50 A Network Load Balancer has cross-zone load balancing disabled. One enabled Availability Zone loses all healthy targets, and some clients continue using the cached zonal NLB IP address. Which change most directly allows that NLB node to serve traffic through healthy targets in other enabled zones?

Using load balancers for high availability Hard
A. Enable cross-zone load balancing on the Network Load Balancer
B. Enable application-cookie stickiness on the affected target group
C. Increase the DNS TTL of the Network Load Balancer's service name
D. Replace the Network Load Balancer with an internet-facing Classic Load Balancer and assign one Elastic IP address to each listener

51 A weighted Route 53 record set contains two healthy records with weight 0 and two records with positive weights. Both positive-weight records become unhealthy. What can Route 53 do when answering queries?

DNS-based routing with Amazon Route 53 Hard
A. Return healthy zero-weight records because all positive-weight records are unhealthy
B. Convert the record set to latency-based routing and select whichever zero-weight endpoint is geographically closest to the authoritative name server
C. Return the unhealthy positive-weight record having the numerically largest configured weight
D. Return no records because weight 0 permanently excludes a record from DNS responses

52 A private application endpoint is reachable only through private IP addresses in a VPC. Route 53 failover routing must use an application-specific health signal, but public Route 53 health checkers cannot reach the endpoint. Which approach is suitable?

DNS-based routing with Amazon Route 53 Hard
A. Publish the private health signal as a CloudWatch metric and use a Route 53 health check that monitors the corresponding alarm
B. Enable Evaluate Target Health on a non-alias A record so Route 53 can probe the private address from the VPC resolver
C. Configure a standard Route 53 endpoint health check against the private IP and associate it with the private hosted zone
D. Attach a security group to the private hosted zone that permits HTTPS probes from the global Route 53 authoritative DNS server addresses

53 A public DNS name uses Route 53 failover alias records for a primary ALB and a secondary disaster-recovery ALB. Traffic should move to the secondary when the primary ALB has no healthy targets. Which configuration provides this behavior without a separate endpoint health check?

DNS-based routing with Amazon Route 53 Hard
A. Create two simple alias records and assign the DR record a lower DNS TTL than the primary record
B. Set the primary alias to PRIMARY, the DR alias to SECONDARY, and enable Evaluate Target Health
C. Use geolocation routing and map the default location to the primary while mapping every continent to the DR ALB
D. Configure equal weighted aliases and rely on the ALB's target deregistration delay to remove the primary alias from Route 53

54 A CloudFormation template uses a dynamic reference to retrieve a database password from Secrets Manager. The secret value is rotated, but the template and resource properties are otherwise unchanged. What should an engineer expect from a newly created change set?

Infrastructure automation with AWS CloudFormation Hard
A. The change set displays the old and new secret values and marks the database for replacement
B. The change set refuses creation because CloudFormation dynamic references become invalid immediately after the referenced secret is rotated
C. The change set automatically adds an AWS::SecretsManager::RotationSchedule resource to synchronize the database
D. The change set may show no resource modification because it compares the reference rather than detecting the rotated secret value

55 A stateful resource must be retained when a property update causes replacement, but the replacement resource should continue to be managed by the stack. Which policy controls retention of the old physical resource during that replacement?

Infrastructure automation with AWS CloudFormation Hard
A. Set UpdateReplacePolicy: Retain on the resource
B. Set DeletionPolicy: Snapshot on the stack output
C. Disable rollback for the stack so CloudFormation leaves both physical resources under active stack management after every update
D. Set DependsOn to the replacement resource's logical ID

56 A stack is stuck in UPDATE_ROLLBACK_FAILED because one resource cannot return to its previous state. An operator uses continue-update-rollback and specifies that resource under resources-to-skip. What important consequence must be addressed afterward?

Infrastructure automation with AWS CloudFormation Hard
A. The entire stack becomes permanently read-only even after rollback reaches UPDATE_ROLLBACK_COMPLETE
B. The skipped resource is immediately imported into a separate stack with its current properties
C. The skipped resource can be inconsistent with the template and must be reconciled before a later update
D. CloudFormation deletes the skipped resource and all resources depending on it after the remaining rollback operations have completed

57 An organization wants a baseline CloudFormation stack deployed automatically to newly added AWS Organizations member accounts and selected Regions, without manually creating cross-account execution roles in every account. Which solution fits best?

Infrastructure automation with AWS CloudFormation Hard
A. Use service-managed CloudFormation StackSets with trusted access and automatic deployment enabled
B. Use an S3 replication rule to copy the template into every account and rely on CloudFormation drift detection to launch each regional stack
C. Create one nested stack in the management account and reference member-account IDs as resource properties
D. Use self-managed StackSets and manually distribute administrator credentials to each member account

58 A team must customize an AWS Quick Start that uses a root template, nested templates, Lambda deployment packages, and scripts. Which approach is safest for a maintainable customized deployment?

Automating deployments with AWS Quick Starts and Amazon Q Developer Hard
A. Deploy the original Quick Start, manually modify its resources, and depend on drift detection to preserve those changes during updates
B. Convert every nested stack into manually executed console instructions so that future upstream Quick Start versions cannot replace customized resources
C. Edit only the root template at the vendor's public URL because nested templates automatically inherit all local changes
D. Copy the templates and referenced assets to controlled storage, update artifact locations, and test the customized nested deployment

59 Amazon Q Developer generates a CloudFormation template for a production service. What workflow best reduces the risk of deploying hallucinated properties, excessive permissions, or destructive replacements?

Automating deployments with AWS Quick Starts and Amazon Q Developer Hard
A. Validate and lint the template, review IAM and security findings, then inspect a change set before deployment
B. Grant the generated template administrator permissions, deploy it once, and reduce permissions afterward based solely on CloudTrail history
C. Deploy directly to production because generated infrastructure code is automatically checked against every regional service schema
D. Disable CloudFormation rollback so partially valid generated resources remain available for Amazon Q Developer to repair automatically

60 A CloudFormation deployment fails with an AccessDenied event involving a deployment role. An engineer asks Amazon Q Developer to troubleshoot it. Which expectation correctly preserves operational control?

Automating deployments with AWS Quick Starts and Amazon Q Developer Hard
A. Amazon Q Developer permanently assumes the deployment role, rewrites all organization service control policies, and completes the failed stack operation autonomously
B. Amazon Q Developer can analyze available context and suggest remediation, but authorized personnel or automation must approve and apply permission changes
C. Amazon Q Developer automatically attaches AdministratorAccess to the failed role and retries the stack without requiring user confirmation
D. Amazon Q Developer bypasses the denied API by invoking the same operation through the CloudFormation service-linked role in every account