Unit 2 - Practice Quiz

1 Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for the transmission of raw bits over a communication channel?

2 In a periodic analog signal, what is the relationship between the period () and the frequency ()?

3 Which of the following transmission impairments refers to the loss of signal energy due to the resistance of the medium?

4 If a signal has a power of 10 mW at the sender and 1 mW at the receiver, what is the attenuation in decibels (dB)?

5 Which formula defines the theoretical maximum bit rate of a noiseless channel?

6 Calculate the Shannon Capacity of a channel with a bandwidth of 3000 Hz and a Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of 3162 (approx 35 dB).

7 Which of the following is considered a 'Guided Media'?

8 In fiber optics, transmission relies on which physical phenomenon to keep the light inside the core?

9 Which cabling standard describes the wiring color code where the order is White/Orange, Orange, White/Green, Blue, White/Blue, Green, White/Brown, Brown?

10 In Digital-to-Digital conversion, what is the primary problem with the basic NRZ-L (Non-Return-to-Zero Level) encoding?

11 Which line coding scheme guarantees a transition at the middle of each bit period, providing self-synchronization?

12 The process of converting an analog signal to a digital signal (A/D) using sampling and quantization is known as:

13 According to the Nyquist sampling theorem, to reproduce an analog signal without distortion, the sampling rate () must be:

14 In Digital-to-Analog conversion, which modulation technique varies the amplitude of the carrier signal to represent data?

15 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is a combination of which two modulation techniques?

16 What is the 'Baud Rate'?

17 If a signal element carries 4 bits of data, and the baud rate is 1000 baud, what is the bit rate?

18 Which multiplexing technique is primarily used for fiber optic communication to transmit multiple light beams of different frequencies?

19 In Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), what is used to separate channels to prevent interference?

20 Which type of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) allocates time slots dynamically based on demand, rather than fixed pre-assignment?

21 What is 'Jitter' in the context of network performance?

22 Which component is eliminated in a digital signal using Polar NRZ-L compared to Unipolar NRZ?

23 What does a 'Constellation Diagram' represent?

24 In Analog-to-Analog conversion, FM stands for:

25 Which unguided media typically operates in the frequency range of 3 kHz to 1 GHz and is omnidirectional?

26 What is the primary advantage of Twisted Pair cable twisting?

27 Which scrambling technique replaces a sequence of eight zeros with a specific pattern to ensure synchronization in long-distance communication?

28 Calculate the propagation time if the distance between two points is 12,000 km and the propagation speed is m/s.

29 In Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), if the number of quantization levels is increased, what happens to the PCM system performance?

30 Delta Modulation (DM) is a simplified form of PCM where each sample is encoded as:

31 Which of the following connector types is commonly used with Coaxial Cable?

32 What does 'Baseband' transmission mean?

33 Which block coding scheme transforms a 4-bit data group into a 5-bit code group?

34 In the context of data communications, what is 'Throughput'?

35 Phase Shift Keying (PSK) is generally more robust than ASK against which impairment?

36 What is the result of 'Crosstalk'?

37 Which wireless transmission utilizes 'Line-of-Sight' propagation?

38 Spread Spectrum technology (like FHSS and DSSS) is primarily used to:

39 In Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS):

40 Which digital-to-analog encoding is most susceptible to noise?

41 What is the minimum bandwidth required for an ASK signal transmitting at baud in half-duplex?

42 Which type of fiber optic cable has the largest core diameter?

43 If the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is infinite, the channel capacity is:

44 The transmission of multiple signals on a single medium where the medium's data rate is greater than the individual devices' data rate requirements implies the use of:

45 In Synchronous TDM, if a source does not have data to send, what happens to its time slot?

46 Which encoding scheme is known as 'Bi-phase' coding?

47 The ratio of the power of the signal to the power of the noise is called:

48 Category 6 (Cat 6) cable is designed to support frequencies up to:

49 Which phenomenon causes different light modes to arrive at the receiver at different times in multimode fiber, distorting the signal?

50 In AM (Amplitude Modulation), the bandwidth required is approximately equal to: