Unit 4 - Practice Quiz

ENT102 50 Questions
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1 The study of the relationship between a single insect species and its environment is known as:

A. Autoecology
B. Demecology
C. Synecology
D. Biome ecology

2 Which component of the insect environment includes temperature, humidity, light, and wind?

A. Abiotic factors
B. Biotic factors
C. Nutritional factors
D. Edaphic factors

3 Insects are primarily organisms whose body temperature varies with the environmental temperature. This condition is called:

A. Isothermic
B. Endothermic
C. Homeothermic
D. Poikilothermic

4 The specific physical place where an insect lives is called its:

A. Biome
B. Habitat
C. Trophic level
D. Niche

5 Which term describes a state of arrested development in insects, often triggered by photoperiod, to survive unfavorable environmental conditions?

A. Metamorphosis
B. Diapause
C. Quiescence
D. Ecdysis

6 The mathematical representation of the thermal constant for insect development is given by the formula . What does '' represent?

A. Maximum lethal temperature
B. Developmental period in days
C. Threshold temperature (Developmental zero)
D. Average daily temperature

7 Insects that are active during the twilight hours (dawn and dusk) are classified as:

A. Crepuscular
B. Matinal
C. Nocturnal
D. Diurnal

8 The relative humidity zone in which most insects thrive is typically:

A. 40-80%
B. 0-10%
C. 10-20%
D. 90-100%

9 Summer dormancy in insects to avoid high temperatures and desiccation is known as:

A. Acclimatization
B. Hibernation
C. Vernalization
D. Aestivation

10 Which category of pests has a General Equilibrium Position (GEP) that is consistently above the Economic Injury Level (EIL)?

A. Key pest
B. Seasonal pest
C. Sporadic pest
D. Occasional pest

11 The population density at which control measures should be initiated to prevent an increasing pest population from reaching the Economic Injury Level is called:

A. Damage Boundary (DB)
B. Economic Threshold Level (ETL)
C. General Equilibrium Position (GEP)
D. Maximum Carrying Capacity

12 What is the primary ecological role of 'parasitoids' in insect ecology?

A. They consume dead organic matter.
B. They live on a host without killing it.
C. They develop inside or on a host and eventually kill it.
D. They compete with the host for food.

13 Which of the following is an example of a density-independent factor affecting insect populations?

A. Predation
B. Rainfall
C. Disease
D. Competition

14 The response of insects to the length of daylight and darkness is termed:

A. Photonasty
B. Photoperiodism
C. Photosynthesis
D. Phototaxis

15 A pest that occurs in a specific season every year is termed a:

A. Seasonal pest
B. Endemic pest
C. Sporadic pest
D. Persistent pest

16 Which law states that 'No two species can occupy the exact same niche in the same habitat at the same time'?

A. Gause’s Competitive Exclusion Principle
B. Liebig’s Law of Minimum
C. Hardy-Weinberg Principle
D. Shelford’s Law of Tolerance

17 Which of the following is a biotic factor that limits insect populations?

A. Temperature
B. Wind velocity
C. Soil texture
D. Entomopathogenic fungi

18 The lowest temperature at which an insect can survive is known as the:

A. Optimum temperature
B. Threshold temperature
C. Critical photoperiod
D. Lower lethal limit

19 Insects that feed on a wide variety of plant species are called:

A. Oligophagous
B. Polyphagous
C. Monophagous
D. Saprophagous

20 Which type of pest causes no economic damage under normal conditions but requires monitoring?

A. Key pest
B. Major pest
C. Negligible pest / R-pest
D. Potential pest

21 The movement of insects in response to light stimuli is called:

A. Chemotaxis
B. Phototaxis
C. Geotaxis
D. Thigmotaxis

22 The symbiotic relationship between termites and the protozoa in their gut is an example of:

A. Amensalism
B. Commensalism
C. Parasitism
D. Mutualism

23 Phoresy is a type of commensalism where:

A. One insect uses another for transport
B. One insect eats another
C. Two insects compete for food
D. An insect mimics a plant

24 What is the General Equilibrium Position (GEP)?

A. The average population density over a long period of time
B. The population level causing economic damage
C. The minimum temperature for survival
D. The maximum number of insects an environment can support

25 Which edaphic (soil) factor most significantly affects soil-pupating insects?

A. Soil depth (below 5 meters)
B. Soil magnetism
C. Soil moisture and texture
D. Soil color

26 An insect population that rises to damaging levels only in isolated areas or at irregular intervals is a:

A. Key pest
B. Persistent pest
C. Regular pest
D. Sporadic pest

27 The term used for an insect that feeds on only one species of plant (or a few closely related species) is:

A. Monophagous
B. Omnivorous
C. Polyphagous
D. Carnivorous

28 Which of the following describes 'Cannibalism' in insects?

A. Symbiosis
B. Hyperparasitism
C. Intraspecific competition
D. Interspecific competition

29 What is the Economic Injury Level (EIL)?

A. The lowest population density that will cause economic damage
B. The level where pests are extinct
C. The level at which pest control is initiated
D. The point where the cost of control equals the value of yield saved

30 An insect that parasitizes another parasite is known as a:

A. Predator
B. Hyperparasitoid
C. Cleptoparasite
D. Endoparasite

31 Locust swarms migrating via wind currents is an example of:

A. Passive dispersal
B. Taxis
C. Phoresy
D. Active flight

32 High humidity combined with high temperature usually favors the population buildup of:

A. Gall midges and fungi
B. Stored grain pests
C. Aphids
D. Grasshoppers

33 The functional role of an organism in a food chain (e.g., Primary Consumer) is related to its:

A. Habitat
B. Trophic level
C. Biomass
D. Phylogeny

34 Which of the following is considered a 'Major Pest'?

A. GEP is always above EIL
B. GEP is very close to EIL and crosses it frequently
C. GEP is far below EIL
D. Pest causes no damage

35 In the context of insect ecology, what is 'antibiosis'?

A. A symbiotic relationship
B. Competition between two insect species
C. An adverse effect of a host plant on the biology of the insect
D. The use of antibiotics in insects

36 Short-day insects initiate diapause when:

A. Humidity is below 20%
B. Temperature exceeds
C. Day length exceeds a critical duration
D. Day length falls below a critical duration

37 A pest confined to a particular locality is known as:

A. Pandemic pest
B. Sporadic pest
C. Epidemic pest
D. Endemic pest

38 The sudden outbreak of a pest in a severe form over a large area is termed:

A. Epidemic
B. Sporadic
C. Regular
D. Endemic

39 Which range of temperatures is generally considered the 'Zone of Effective Activity' for most insects?

A. to
B. to
C. to
D. to

40 In a food chain, insects that feed on plants (herbivores) are classified as:

A. Decomposers
B. Producers
C. Secondary Consumers
D. Primary Consumers

41 What is the effect of wind on the rate of transpiration in insects?

A. Increases transpiration (desiccation risk)
B. Stops respiration
C. No effect
D. Decreases transpiration

42 Camouflage and mimicry are adaptations primarily used for:

A. Defense against predation
B. Digestion
C. Flight mechanics
D. Thermoregulation

43 Total heat energy required to complete a specific stage of development in an insect is known as:

A. Solar constant
B. Specific heat
C. Latent heat
D. Thermal constant / Degree-days

44 An insect that feeds on dead and decaying organic matter is called a:

A. Phytophage
B. Parasite
C. Predator
D. Saprophage / Detritivore

45 If the GEP < EIL, but environmental changes temporarily raise the population above EIL, the pest is classified as:

A. Occasional pest
B. Regular pest
C. Key pest
D. Potential pest

46 The aggregation of ladybird beetles in rock crevices during winter is an example of:

A. Hibernation
B. Aestivation
C. Parasitism
D. Migration

47 Biotic potential refers to:

A. The death rate of the population
B. The innate ability of a population to reproduce and survive
C. The carrying capacity of the habitat
D. The resistance of the environment to population growth

48 Environmental Resistance includes:

A. Only biotic factors
B. Only abiotic factors
C. The reproductive rate of the insect
D. Both abiotic and biotic factors limiting population growth

49 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a predator?

A. Free-living organism
B. Kills and consumes multiple prey items
C. Specific to a single host for development
D. Usually larger than the prey

50 The concept that limiting factors (like temperature or food) determine the distribution and abundance of insects is encapsulated in:

A. The Second Law of Thermodynamics
B. Liebig’s Law of the Minimum
C. The Law of Segregation
D. Newton's First Law