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Unit 3 - Practice Quiz

INT374

1 What is the primary purpose of data modeling in Power BI?

A. To create colorful visualizations
B. To define relationships between tables and structure data for analysis
C. To export data to Excel
D. To write SQL queries

2 In the context of database normalization, what is the main goal?

A. To increase data redundancy
B. To organize data to reduce redundancy and improve integrity
C. To create a single flat table for all data
D. To delete historical data

3 Which type of table typically contains quantitative values or metrics to be analyzed?

A. Dimension Table
B. Fact Table
C. Bridge Table
D. Parameter Table

4 What kind of data is primarily found in a Dimension table?

A. Transactional records
B. Aggregated totals
C. Descriptive attributes (context)
D. Foreign keys only

5 What is a Star Schema?

A. A schema where every table is connected to every other table
B. A central fact table surrounded by denormalized dimension tables
C. A structure where dimension tables are normalized into multiple related tables
D. A single flat table containing all data

6 How does a Snowflake Schema differ from a Star Schema?

A. It uses only one table
B. Dimension tables are normalized, branching out into further tables
C. Fact tables are normalized
D. It does not support relationships

7 Which column is used to uniquely identify each row in a table?

A. Foreign Key
B. Primary Key
C. Alternate Key
D. Secondary Key

8 What is a Foreign Key?

A. A unique identifier in the current table
B. A column used to sort data
C. A column that points to a Primary Key in another table
D. A hidden column in Power BI

9 What is the most common and recommended relationship cardinality in Power BI?

A. One-to-One
B. One-to-Many
C. Many-to-Many
D. Many-to-One

10 What happens when you create a Many-to-Many relationship directly in Power BI without a bridge table?

A. Power BI rejects the relationship
B. It creates a One-to-One relationship automatically
C. Power BI allows it but it may introduce ambiguity and performance issues
D. It automatically normalizes the data

11 In Power BI, what does the 'Cross-filter direction' setting determine?

A. How filters propagate between related tables
B. Which table is hidden
C. The color of the relationship line
D. The format of the data dates

12 What is the downside of using 'Both' in Cross-filter direction?

A. It deletes data
B. It can cause ambiguity and performance issues
C. It is only available for text data
D. It prevents the use of measures

13 Which view in Power BI Desktop is best for managing relationships?

A. Report View
B. Data View
C. Model View
D. Query View

14 What does a solid line between two tables in Model View represent?

A. An inactive relationship
B. An active relationship
C. A broken relationship
D. A theoretical relationship

15 How many active relationships can exist directly between two specific tables in Power BI?

A. Zero
B. Exactly one
C. Up to five
D. Unlimited

16 What is a 'Surrogate Key'?

A. A key based on business logic like Social Security Number
B. An artificial, system-generated unique identifier (usually an integer)
C. A duplicate key
D. A text-based description

17 To handle a Many-to-Many relationship properly, what type of intermediate table is recommended?

A. Fact Table
B. Dimension Table
C. Bridge (or Junction) Table
D. Summary Table

18 What is the function of the USERELATIONSHIP DAX function?

A. To create a new table
B. To activate an inactive relationship for a specific calculation
C. To delete a relationship
D. To rename a column

19 What is 'Filter Context'?

A. The set of filters applied to a calculation at the moment it is evaluated
B. A DAX function used to filter text
C. The background color of a visual
D. The connection string to the database

20 In a standard One-to-Many relationship (Single direction), filters flow from:

A. The Many side to the One side
B. The One side to the Many side
C. Neither side
D. The Fact table to the Dimension table

21 What is a 'Role-Playing Dimension'?

A. A dimension that filters multiple fact tables
B. A single dimension table used for multiple purposes (e.g., Order Date, Ship Date) usually via inactive relationships or copies
C. A dimension that changes data types
D. A dimension generated by AI

22 When defining a Data Category for a column containing URLs to product images, which category should be selected?

A. Web URL
B. Image URL
C. Barcode
D. Uncategorized

23 Why is it important to set the correct Data Category for geographical fields (e.g., City, Country)?

A. To change the font
B. To allow Bing Maps to correctly locate and visualize the data
C. To reduce file size
D. To convert text to numbers

24 What feature allows you to group Year, Quarter, Month, and Day columns together for drill-down analysis?

A. Clustering
B. Binning
C. Hierarchy
D. Concatenation

25 What is 'Referential Integrity' in the context of data modeling?

A. Ensuring all text is uppercase
B. Ensuring that every Foreign Key value in the child table has a matching Primary Key value in the parent table
C. Removing null values from measures
D. Connecting to cloud data sources

26 If you see a dotted line between two tables in the Model View, what does it signify?

A. A weak relationship
B. An inactive relationship
C. A Many-to-Many relationship
D. A One-to-One relationship

27 Which of the following is a benefit of the Star Schema over the Snowflake Schema?

A. Higher data redundancy
B. More complex SQL queries
C. Simpler model structure and generally better performance
D. More tables to manage

28 What is 'Granularity' in a data model?

A. The color scheme of the report
B. The level of detail represented by a single row in a table
C. The speed of data refresh
D. The number of administrators

29 How do you create a hierarchy in Power BI Model View?

A. Write a SQL script
B. Drag a column onto another column in the same table
C. Create a calculated table
D. Use the 'Group' function in Query Editor

30 What is the 'Hide in Report View' option used for?

A. Deleting data permanently
B. Preventing users from seeing technical columns (like surrogate keys) in the fields pane
C. Securing data with a password
D. Filtering data out of visuals

31 If a relationship is set to 'Assume Referential Integrity', what type of join does Power BI use to generate queries?

A. Left Outer Join
B. Inner Join
C. Full Outer Join
D. Cross Join

32 What is the risk of having 'Ambiguity' in a data model?

A. The model becomes too colorful
B. Power BI cannot determine which path to take for filtering, leading to errors or disabled relationships
C. The file size increases
D. You cannot export to PDF

33 Which formatting option allows a 'Month Name' column to be sorted chronologically (Jan, Feb) rather than alphabetically (Apr, Aug)?

A. Sort by Column
B. Data Category
C. Format String
D. Group By

34 In a Star Schema, the Fact table is usually:

A. Short and Wide
B. Tall and Narrow
C. Unstructured
D. Empty

35 Which of the following is NOT a standard aggregation type for a numeric column?

A. Sum
B. Average
C. Concatenate
D. Min

36 When importing data, Power BI automatically detects relationships based on:

A. Column names and data types matching
B. Row counts
C. Table names
D. The order of import

37 What is a 'Circular Dependency'?

A. A chart that is shaped like a circle
B. When Table A depends on Table B, and Table B depends on Table A
C. A relationship between a date table and a sales table
D. A pie chart visualization

38 Why are 'Calculated Columns' generally less preferred than 'Measures' for aggregation?

A. They are harder to write
B. They consume memory and storage as they are computed for every row during refresh
C. They cannot be used in charts
D. They do not support text

39 In the 'Edit Relationship' dialog, what does the 'Make this relationship active' checkbox do?

A. Deletes the relationship
B. Toggles whether the relationship is the primary path for filter propagation
C. Changes the cardinality
D. Reverses the direction

40 What is the primary benefit of Denormalization in Power BI?

A. Reduced file size
B. Improved query performance by reducing the number of joins required
C. Better data integrity
D. Easier data entry

41 Which data type is most efficient for relationship keys?

A. String / Text
B. Integer
C. Decimal Number
D. Date/Time

42 What is a 'Disconnected Table'?

A. A table that failed to load
B. A table with no relationships to other tables, often used for parameter selection
C. A table hidden from the report
D. A table with missing data

43 If you have a 'Date' table and a 'Sales' table, which column in the Date table should be the Primary Key?

A. Month
B. Year
C. Date (unique daily value)
D. Quarter

44 How does Power BI handle a relationship where the data types of the join columns do not match?

A. It automatically converts them
B. It allows the relationship but with errors
C. It prevents the relationship from being created
D. It creates a bridge table

45 Which of the following describes a 'Parent-Child' hierarchy?

A. A fixed level hierarchy like Year-Month-Day
B. A structure where two columns in the same table define the hierarchy (e.g., EmployeeID and ManagerID)
C. A relationship between two different files
D. A time-intelligence function

46 What is the purpose of the 'Synonyms' feature in the Model View?

A. To translate data into other languages
B. To help Q&A visual understand natural language queries by providing alternate names for fields
C. To rename columns permanently
D. To create duplicate columns

47 When creating a relationship, what does the cardinality 'One-to-One' imply?

A. One record in Table A matches many in Table B
B. One record in Table A matches exactly one record in Table B
C. Many records in Table A match many in Table B
D. The tables are unrelated

48 Why might you disable 'Auto date/time' in Power BI Options?

A. To stop the clock
B. To reduce file size by preventing hidden date tables for every date column
C. To prevent date formatting
D. To use the old calendar system

49 What is the effect of changing a column's formatting string (e.g., to Currency)?

A. It changes the underlying data value
B. It only changes how the data is displayed in visuals
C. It creates a new table
D. It breaks relationships

50 In a 'Composite Model', what does it mean?

A. All data is in Excel
B. You can mix DirectQuery connections and Import data in the same model
C. The model is only for composites
D. It is a 3D model