Unit 5 - Practice Quiz

INT363 50 Questions
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1 What is the primary goal of Cloud-Native architecture?

A. To build applications that run only on local servers
B. To build and run scalable applications in modern, dynamic environments
C. To increase the coupling between services
D. To rely exclusively on physical hardware management

2 In the context of microservices, what does 'Loosely Coupled' mean?

A. Services share a single database and memory space
B. Services can be deployed and updated independently without affecting others
C. Services are physically connected via cables
D. Services must always be written in the same programming language

3 Which component is primarily responsible for keeping track of the network locations of service instances?

A. Circuit Breaker
B. Load Balancer
C. API Gateway
D. Service Discovery

4 What is the main function of a Load Balancer in a cloud-native environment?

A. To store session data permanently
B. To discovery service registry locations
C. To compile code
D. To distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers

5 What is 'Horizontal Scaling' (Scaling Out)?

A. Reducing the number of servers to save money
B. Replacing the hard drive with an SSD
C. Adding more power (CPU, RAM) to an existing machine
D. Adding more instances of machines/services to the resource pool

6 According to the CAP theorem, which two guarantees are often chosen in distributed cloud microservices favoring high availability?

A. Consistency and Availability
B. Availability and Partition Tolerance
C. Consistency and Partition Tolerance
D. Availability and Latency

7 Which of the following is NOT one of the Twelve-Factor App methodologies?

A. Codebase
B. Disposability
C. Port Binding
D. Sticky Sessions

8 In the Twelve-Factor App methodology, how should configuration be managed?

A. Stored in the environment variables
B. Stored in a separate database table only
C. Hardcoded in the source code
D. Kept in a text file committed to the repo

9 What is 'Serverless' architecture?

A. An architecture where no servers exist at all
B. An architecture dependent on dedicated physical servers
C. A model where the cloud provider manages the allocation of machine resources dynamically
D. A system that runs entirely on the client's browser

10 Which Netflix tool is famous for randomly terminating instances in production to ensure system resilience?

A. Chaos Monkey
B. Hystrix
C. Eureka
D. Zuul

11 Which pattern involves a database per service rather than a shared database?

A. Database per Service
B. Monolithic Database Pattern
C. Shared Repository
D. Data Warehouse

12 In Service Discovery, what is the role of a 'Service Registry'?

A. To maintain a database of available service instances
B. To store the database credentials
C. To balance the load between regions
D. To authenticate users

13 What is 'Client-Side Discovery'?

A. The client broadcasts a message to the entire network
B. The client queries the Service Registry to get the location of a service instance
C. The client hardcodes the IP address of the server
D. The client connects to a Load Balancer which then routes the traffic

14 Which of the following describes 'Vertical Scaling'?

A. Adding more CPU or RAM to an existing single server
B. Using a Content Delivery Network
C. Adding more machines to the cluster
D. Distributing the database across regions

15 What does the 'Disposability' factor in the Twelve-Factor App methodology emphasize?

A. Fast startup and graceful shutdown
B. Deleting logs immediately
C. Using temporary databases only
D. Code should be thrown away after use

16 Amazon's 'Two-Pizza Team' rule is related to which aspect of microservices?

A. Database Sharding
B. Organizational Structure and Team Size
C. Load Balancing
D. API Rate Limiting

17 What is a 'Cold Start' in Serverless computing?

A. The initial configuration of a cloud account
B. Restarting a frozen physical server
C. The latency experienced when a function is invoked for the first time or after a period of inactivity
D. Booting up a computer in a cold server room

18 How does Uber manage the complexity of thousands of microservices?

A. Manually configuring IP addresses
B. Using a single shared database
C. Using a service mesh and rigorous RPC standards
D. By reverting to a monolith

19 In the Twelve-Factor App, how should 'Dependencies' be handled?

A. They should be explicitly declared and isolated
B. They should be copied manually into the folder
C. They should be ignored
D. They should be implicitly relied upon based on the OS

20 What is the 'Backing Services' factor in the Twelve-Factor App?

A. Services that back up data to tape drives
B. Running background services on the client machine
C. Services that are hardcoded into the application logic
D. Treating backing services (databases, queues) as attached resources

21 Which technology is most commonly associated with container orchestration in cloud-native development?

A. Kubernetes
B. VMware
C. Apache Tomcat
D. VirtualBox

22 What does 'Polyglot Persistence' mean in the context of Data Management?

A. Using a single database for all data types
B. Writing data in multiple languages
C. Using different data storage technologies to handle different data storage needs
D. Persisting data only in English

23 The 'Build, Release, Run' factor dictates that:

A. Build, release, and run stages must be strictly separated
B. You can change code directly in the running stage
C. Releases should not have unique IDs
D. Building and running happen simultaneously

24 What is the primary benefit of Autoscaling?

A. It automatically writes unit tests
B. It guarantees code quality
C. It reduces the storage size of the database
D. It ensures resources match the current demand automatically to optimize cost and performance

25 In cloud-native apps, logs should be treated as:

A. Text files stored on the local hard drive
B. Database tables
C. Emails sent to the admin
D. Event streams

26 Which consistency model is most common in cross-microservice operations?

A. Immediate Consistency
B. Strong Consistency
C. Eventual Consistency
D. ACID Consistency

27 Netflix Hystrix is an implementation of which pattern?

A. Factory Pattern
B. Singleton Pattern
C. Observer Pattern
D. Circuit Breaker Pattern

28 What is 'Dev/Prod Parity' in the Twelve-Factor App?

A. Developers should have access to Production data
B. Development should use Windows and Production should use Linux
C. Development and Production environments should be as similar as possible
D. Production servers should be used for Development

29 Which of the following is a key characteristic of Serverless architectures (FaaS)?

A. Stateless, ephemeral functions
B. Fixed monthly cost regardless of usage
C. Long-running stateful processes
D. Manual OS patching

30 What is the 'Port Binding' factor?

A. Services should rely on a separate web server container (like Tomcat) injected at runtime
B. Hardcoding ports in the code
C. The app is completely self-contained and exports a service via port binding
D. Using only port 80 for all services

31 How do cloud-native applications typically handle 'Admin Processes'?

A. They run as one-off processes
B. They are strictly forbidden
C. They are handled manually by editing the database
D. They are embedded in the main request loop

32 In a Serverless environment, what usually triggers a function execution?

A. A manual start button
B. A continuous loop in the code
C. Events (HTTP request, database change, file upload)
D. The server booting up

33 Which distributed data pattern manages transactions that span multiple microservices?

A. Saga Pattern
B. Two-Phase Commit (2PC)
C. Shared Database
D. Single Transaction Script

34 What challenge did Netflix face that led to the creation of Eureka?

A. They ran out of hard drive space
B. They needed to know the physical location of every server
C. They needed a new video compression algorithm
D. They needed a way for services to locate each other dynamically in AWS

35 What is a 'Sidecar' pattern in cloud-native development?

A. A secondary database
B. A method of pair programming
C. A backup server
D. Deploying a helper process alongside the main application container

36 According to the 'Processes' factor of the 12-Factor App, applications should be:

A. Run as a single monolithic process
B. Stateful
C. Stateless and share-nothing
D. Dependent on sticky sessions

37 Why is 'Concurrency' managed via the process model in 12-Factor Apps?

A. To prevent multiple users from logging in
B. To save battery life
C. To use threads exclusively
D. To scale out by adding more process instances rather than making one process larger

38 What is the primary role of an API Gateway in cloud-native architecture?

A. To generate frontend UI code
B. To replace the database
C. To store the application data
D. To act as a single entry point for clients, routing requests to appropriate microservices

39 Which of the following describes 'Immutable Infrastructure'?

A. Hardware that is physically secured
B. Infrastructure that cannot be deleted
C. Servers are never modified after deployment; they are replaced with new ones
D. Servers are patched and updated in place

40 In the context of Amazon's case study, what is the 'Service Interface' mandate?

A. Teams share database schemas directly
B. Teams must communicate via email
C. All data and functionality must be exposed through service interfaces (APIs)
D. Only C++ can be used

41 What is the 'Codebase' factor rule?

A. Copy-pasting code between apps
B. Multiple codebases for one app
C. One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys
D. No revision control needed

42 Which balancing algorithm sends requests sequentially to servers in a list?

A. Least Connections
B. IP Hash
C. Round Robin
D. Weighted Response Time

43 What is a disadvantage of Serverless architecture?

A. Vendor Lock-in
B. Complexity of manual scaling
C. Paying for idle time
D. High maintenance of OS

44 In Data Management, what is the 'CQRS' pattern?

A. Command Query Responsibility Segregation
B. Code Quality Review Standard
C. Common Query Resource Sharing
D. Centralized Query Remote System

45 How did Uber handle the transition from a monolithic architecture?

A. They stayed with the monolith
B. They rewrote the whole app in one night
C. They broke the monolith into microservices based on business domains (e.g., passenger management, billing)
D. They outsourced development

46 Which mechanism ensures a service instance is actually capable of handling requests before the Load Balancer sends traffic?

A. Random selection
B. Static routing
C. DNS lookup
D. Health Checks

47 What does 'Elasticity' refer to in cloud computing?

A. The ability of the hardware to bend
B. The speed of the network cables
C. The ability to rapidly provision and de-provision resources based on demand
D. The long-term storage capacity

48 What is the relationship between Microservices and Containers?

A. Containers are a popular packaging technology for deploying microservices
B. Microservices must run on bare metal, not containers
C. They are the same thing
D. Containers prevent microservices from communicating

49 A 'Circuit Breaker' enters the 'Open' state when:

A. The service is starting up
B. The service is healthy
C. A user logs in
D. The failure threshold is reached

50 Which of the following best describes the 'Simian Army' used by Netflix?

A. A customer support team
B. A team of security guards
C. A suite of automated tools to test system reliability by inducing failures
D. A video compression algorithm