Unit 5 - Practice Quiz

INT363 50 Questions
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1 What is the primary goal of Cloud-Native architecture?

A. To build applications that run only on local servers
B. To build and run scalable applications in modern, dynamic environments
C. To increase the coupling between services
D. To rely exclusively on physical hardware management

2 In the context of microservices, what does 'Loosely Coupled' mean?

A. Services are physically connected via cables
B. Services must always be written in the same programming language
C. Services can be deployed and updated independently without affecting others
D. Services share a single database and memory space

3 Which component is primarily responsible for keeping track of the network locations of service instances?

A. API Gateway
B. Load Balancer
C. Circuit Breaker
D. Service Discovery

4 What is the main function of a Load Balancer in a cloud-native environment?

A. To distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers
B. To compile code
C. To discovery service registry locations
D. To store session data permanently

5 What is 'Horizontal Scaling' (Scaling Out)?

A. Adding more instances of machines/services to the resource pool
B. Reducing the number of servers to save money
C. Replacing the hard drive with an SSD
D. Adding more power (CPU, RAM) to an existing machine

6 According to the CAP theorem, which two guarantees are often chosen in distributed cloud microservices favoring high availability?

A. Availability and Partition Tolerance
B. Consistency and Availability
C. Consistency and Partition Tolerance
D. Availability and Latency

7 Which of the following is NOT one of the Twelve-Factor App methodologies?

A. Codebase
B. Sticky Sessions
C. Port Binding
D. Disposability

8 In the Twelve-Factor App methodology, how should configuration be managed?

A. Hardcoded in the source code
B. Kept in a text file committed to the repo
C. Stored in the environment variables
D. Stored in a separate database table only

9 What is 'Serverless' architecture?

A. A model where the cloud provider manages the allocation of machine resources dynamically
B. An architecture dependent on dedicated physical servers
C. An architecture where no servers exist at all
D. A system that runs entirely on the client's browser

10 Which Netflix tool is famous for randomly terminating instances in production to ensure system resilience?

A. Chaos Monkey
B. Hystrix
C. Zuul
D. Eureka

11 Which pattern involves a database per service rather than a shared database?

A. Database per Service
B. Data Warehouse
C. Shared Repository
D. Monolithic Database Pattern

12 In Service Discovery, what is the role of a 'Service Registry'?

A. To store the database credentials
B. To maintain a database of available service instances
C. To balance the load between regions
D. To authenticate users

13 What is 'Client-Side Discovery'?

A. The client queries the Service Registry to get the location of a service instance
B. The client hardcodes the IP address of the server
C. The client connects to a Load Balancer which then routes the traffic
D. The client broadcasts a message to the entire network

14 Which of the following describes 'Vertical Scaling'?

A. Adding more CPU or RAM to an existing single server
B. Using a Content Delivery Network
C. Adding more machines to the cluster
D. Distributing the database across regions

15 What does the 'Disposability' factor in the Twelve-Factor App methodology emphasize?

A. Fast startup and graceful shutdown
B. Deleting logs immediately
C. Code should be thrown away after use
D. Using temporary databases only

16 Amazon's 'Two-Pizza Team' rule is related to which aspect of microservices?

A. Database Sharding
B. API Rate Limiting
C. Load Balancing
D. Organizational Structure and Team Size

17 What is a 'Cold Start' in Serverless computing?

A. Restarting a frozen physical server
B. Booting up a computer in a cold server room
C. The latency experienced when a function is invoked for the first time or after a period of inactivity
D. The initial configuration of a cloud account

18 How does Uber manage the complexity of thousands of microservices?

A. Manually configuring IP addresses
B. Using a service mesh and rigorous RPC standards
C. By reverting to a monolith
D. Using a single shared database

19 In the Twelve-Factor App, how should 'Dependencies' be handled?

A. They should be explicitly declared and isolated
B. They should be implicitly relied upon based on the OS
C. They should be copied manually into the folder
D. They should be ignored

20 What is the 'Backing Services' factor in the Twelve-Factor App?

A. Running background services on the client machine
B. Services that are hardcoded into the application logic
C. Services that back up data to tape drives
D. Treating backing services (databases, queues) as attached resources

21 Which technology is most commonly associated with container orchestration in cloud-native development?

A. VirtualBox
B. Apache Tomcat
C. VMware
D. Kubernetes

22 What does 'Polyglot Persistence' mean in the context of Data Management?

A. Using a single database for all data types
B. Writing data in multiple languages
C. Persisting data only in English
D. Using different data storage technologies to handle different data storage needs

23 The 'Build, Release, Run' factor dictates that:

A. Build, release, and run stages must be strictly separated
B. Releases should not have unique IDs
C. You can change code directly in the running stage
D. Building and running happen simultaneously

24 What is the primary benefit of Autoscaling?

A. It reduces the storage size of the database
B. It ensures resources match the current demand automatically to optimize cost and performance
C. It guarantees code quality
D. It automatically writes unit tests

25 In cloud-native apps, logs should be treated as:

A. Database tables
B. Emails sent to the admin
C. Event streams
D. Text files stored on the local hard drive

26 Which consistency model is most common in cross-microservice operations?

A. Eventual Consistency
B. ACID Consistency
C. Immediate Consistency
D. Strong Consistency

27 Netflix Hystrix is an implementation of which pattern?

A. Observer Pattern
B. Circuit Breaker Pattern
C. Factory Pattern
D. Singleton Pattern

28 What is 'Dev/Prod Parity' in the Twelve-Factor App?

A. Production servers should be used for Development
B. Development should use Windows and Production should use Linux
C. Development and Production environments should be as similar as possible
D. Developers should have access to Production data

29 Which of the following is a key characteristic of Serverless architectures (FaaS)?

A. Fixed monthly cost regardless of usage
B. Stateless, ephemeral functions
C. Manual OS patching
D. Long-running stateful processes

30 What is the 'Port Binding' factor?

A. Using only port 80 for all services
B. The app is completely self-contained and exports a service via port binding
C. Hardcoding ports in the code
D. Services should rely on a separate web server container (like Tomcat) injected at runtime

31 How do cloud-native applications typically handle 'Admin Processes'?

A. They are handled manually by editing the database
B. They are strictly forbidden
C. They run as one-off processes
D. They are embedded in the main request loop

32 In a Serverless environment, what usually triggers a function execution?

A. A continuous loop in the code
B. The server booting up
C. A manual start button
D. Events (HTTP request, database change, file upload)

33 Which distributed data pattern manages transactions that span multiple microservices?

A. Two-Phase Commit (2PC)
B. Saga Pattern
C. Shared Database
D. Single Transaction Script

34 What challenge did Netflix face that led to the creation of Eureka?

A. They ran out of hard drive space
B. They needed to know the physical location of every server
C. They needed a new video compression algorithm
D. They needed a way for services to locate each other dynamically in AWS

35 What is a 'Sidecar' pattern in cloud-native development?

A. A secondary database
B. Deploying a helper process alongside the main application container
C. A backup server
D. A method of pair programming

36 According to the 'Processes' factor of the 12-Factor App, applications should be:

A. Stateless and share-nothing
B. Dependent on sticky sessions
C. Stateful
D. Run as a single monolithic process

37 Why is 'Concurrency' managed via the process model in 12-Factor Apps?

A. To prevent multiple users from logging in
B. To scale out by adding more process instances rather than making one process larger
C. To use threads exclusively
D. To save battery life

38 What is the primary role of an API Gateway in cloud-native architecture?

A. To replace the database
B. To generate frontend UI code
C. To act as a single entry point for clients, routing requests to appropriate microservices
D. To store the application data

39 Which of the following describes 'Immutable Infrastructure'?

A. Servers are patched and updated in place
B. Infrastructure that cannot be deleted
C. Servers are never modified after deployment; they are replaced with new ones
D. Hardware that is physically secured

40 In the context of Amazon's case study, what is the 'Service Interface' mandate?

A. All data and functionality must be exposed through service interfaces (APIs)
B. Only C++ can be used
C. Teams must communicate via email
D. Teams share database schemas directly

41 What is the 'Codebase' factor rule?

A. One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys
B. Multiple codebases for one app
C. No revision control needed
D. Copy-pasting code between apps

42 Which balancing algorithm sends requests sequentially to servers in a list?

A. Least Connections
B. IP Hash
C. Weighted Response Time
D. Round Robin

43 What is a disadvantage of Serverless architecture?

A. High maintenance of OS
B. Complexity of manual scaling
C. Vendor Lock-in
D. Paying for idle time

44 In Data Management, what is the 'CQRS' pattern?

A. Code Quality Review Standard
B. Centralized Query Remote System
C. Command Query Responsibility Segregation
D. Common Query Resource Sharing

45 How did Uber handle the transition from a monolithic architecture?

A. They outsourced development
B. They rewrote the whole app in one night
C. They stayed with the monolith
D. They broke the monolith into microservices based on business domains (e.g., passenger management, billing)

46 Which mechanism ensures a service instance is actually capable of handling requests before the Load Balancer sends traffic?

A. DNS lookup
B. Static routing
C. Health Checks
D. Random selection

47 What does 'Elasticity' refer to in cloud computing?

A. The long-term storage capacity
B. The ability of the hardware to bend
C. The ability to rapidly provision and de-provision resources based on demand
D. The speed of the network cables

48 What is the relationship between Microservices and Containers?

A. Microservices must run on bare metal, not containers
B. Containers prevent microservices from communicating
C. Containers are a popular packaging technology for deploying microservices
D. They are the same thing

49 A 'Circuit Breaker' enters the 'Open' state when:

A. A user logs in
B. The service is starting up
C. The service is healthy
D. The failure threshold is reached

50 Which of the following best describes the 'Simian Army' used by Netflix?

A. A customer support team
B. A team of security guards
C. A suite of automated tools to test system reliability by inducing failures
D. A video compression algorithm