1 $Which of the following best describes the DevSecOps trend?$

A.

Adding security checks only at the end of the development lifecycle

B.

Integrating security practices within the DevOps process from the start

C.

Separating the security team from the development and operations teams completely

D.

Replacing the operations team with security engineers

2 $In the context of DevOps market trends, what does the concept of'NoOps' imply?$

A.

The total elimination of software developers

B.

An environment where operations are completely manual

C.

An IT environment so automated that the underlying infrastructure is abstracted from developers

D.

A strategy where no operational tools are used

3 $Which skill is NOT typically considered a core technical skill for a DevOps Engineer ?$

A.

Understanding of Containerization (Docker/Kubernetes)

B.

Proficiency in Scripting languages (Python/Bash)

C.

Deep expertise in graphic design and UI/UX prototyping

D.

Knowledge of CI/CD pipelines

4 $What is the primary goal of the DevOps Delivery Pipeline ?$

A.

To slow down development to ensure 100% bug-free code

B.

To enable continuous delivery of value to the end user through automation

C.

To increase the number of manual approval gates

D.

To strictly separate development and operations tasks

5 $In the DevOps ecosystem, which tool is primarily associated with Source Code Management (SCM) ?$

A.

Jenkins

B.

Git

C.

Nagios

D.

Docker

6 $Which command is used in Git to download a repository from a remote source to your local machine for the first time?$

A.

git push

B.

git commit

C.

git clone

D.

git fork

7 $What is the function of git staging area (index)?$

A.

It permanently deletes files

B.

It stores the commit history

C.

It is an intermediate area where commits can be formatted and reviewed before completing the commit

D.

It pushes code to the remote server

8 $Which of the following is an XML file used by Maven to manage project dependencies and build configuration?$

A.

build.xml

B.

pom.xml

C.

package.json

D.

maven.yaml

9 $In Maven, what does the command mvn clean install do?$

A.

Cleans the project and installs the Maven software

B.

Removes the target directory, compiles, tests, packages, and installs the artifact into the local repository

C.

Installs the application on a remote server

D.

Cleans the code syntax only

10 $Which of the following best describes Jenkins ?$

A.

A configuration management tool

B.

A container orchestration platform

C.

An open-source automation server used for Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery

D.

A virtualization hypervisor

11 $In Jenkins, what is a 'Pipeline'?$

A.

A physical cable connecting servers

B.

A suite of plugins which supports implementing and integrating continuous delivery pipelines

C.

A database for storing user credentials

D.

The graphical user interface for administration

12 $Which file is typically used to define a Jenkins Pipeline as code?$

A.

Jenkinsfile

B.

Dockerfile

C.

Playbook.yaml

D.

Pipeline.xml

13 $What is the primary function of Selenium in the DevOps toolchain?$

A.

Infrastructure provisioning

B.

Container management

C.

Automated web browser testing

D.

Log monitoring

14 $Which component of Selenium is responsible for executing tests against different browsers?$

A.

Selenium IDE

B.

Selenium WebDriver

C.

Selenium Grid

D.

Selenium Server

15 $What is the core difference between a Virtual Machine (VM) and a Docker Container ?$

A.

Containers require a full OS per instance; VMs share the host OS kernel

B.

VMs are faster to boot than containers

C.

Containers share the host OS kernel and are lightweight; VMs include a full Guest OS

D.

Docker cannot run on Linux

16 $Which file is used to assemble a Docker image ?$

A.

docker-compose.yml

B.

Dockerfile

C.

Imagefile

D.

Container.txt

17 $Which command starts a container from a Docker image?$

A.

docker build

B.

docker pull

C.

docker run

D.

docker commit

18 $What is Kubernetes primarily used for?$

A.

Writing source code

B.

Automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications

C.

Scanning code for security vulnerabilities

D.

Managing physical hardware racks

19 $In Kubernetes, what is the smallest deployable unit of computing that can be created and managed?$

A.

Node

B.

Cluster

C.

Pod

D.

Namespace

20 $What is the role of the Kubelet in Kubernetes?$

A.

It is the command line tool for users

B.

It is the database storing cluster state

C.

It is an agent that runs on each node to ensure containers are running in a Pod

D.

It balances load across the internet

21 $Which tool is known as an'Agentless' configuration management tool?$

A.

Puppet

B.

Chef

C.

Ansible

D.

Nagios

22 $What format does Ansible use for its Playbooks?$

A.

XML

B.

JSON

C.

YAML

D.

HTML

23 $Which term describes the architecture of Puppet ?$

A.

Master-Slave (or Server-Agent)

B.

Peer-to-Peer

C.

Agentless

D.

Monolithic

24 $In Puppet, the files containing the configuration details for a specific node or class of nodes are called:$

A.

Playbooks

B.

Recipes

C.

Manifests

D.

Blueprints

25 $What is Nagios primarily used for?$

A.

Continuous Integration

B.

Continuous Monitoring of Infrastructure

C.

Source Code Management

D.

Container Orchestration

26 $In Nagios, what is NRPE ?$

A.

Nagios Remote Plugin Executor

B.

Network Routing Protocol Engine

C.

New Relic Process Engine

D.

Nagios Real-time Processing Event

27 $Which of the following describes the'Shift Left' strategy in testing?$

A.

Testing is performed only after deployment to production

B.

Testing is moved to the left side of the screen

C.

Testing is performed earlier in the software development lifecycle

D.

Developers write code with their left hand

28 $What is Infrastructure as Code (IaC) ?$

A.

Managing and provisioning infrastructure through machine-readable definition files

B.

Physically building servers using code

C.

Writing code to document hardware inventory manually

D.

Installing operating systems via CD-ROM

29 $Which Git command is used to combine changes from one branch into the current branch?$

A.

git merge

B.

git tag

C.

git status

D.

git config

30 $In the context of Maven, what are 'Transitive Dependencies'?$

A.

Dependencies that are removed during the build

B.

Dependencies of your direct dependencies that are automatically included

C.

Dependencies that must be manually downloaded

D.

Dependencies used only for testing

31 $Which Jenkins feature allows it to distribute loads across multiple computers?$

A.

Master/Agent (Slave) architecture

B.

Pipeline syntax

C.

Blue Ocean

D.

Plugin Manager

32 $What is Docker Hub ?$

A.

A local storage for containers

B.

A cloud-based registry service for sharing and storing Docker images

C.

A networking tool for Docker

D.

The kernel of the Docker engine

33 $In Kubernetes, what is a Service ?$

A.

A physical server

B.

A background process in Linux

C.

An abstraction which defines a logical set of Pods and a policy by which to access them

D.

The billing component of K8s

34 $Which concept in Ansible describes the list of managed nodes (servers)?$

A.

Library

B.

Inventory

C.

Manifest

D.

Catalog

35 $Puppet uses a Declarative language. What does this mean?$

A.

You describe the steps to achieve a state

B.

You describe the desired final state, and the tool figures out how to achieve it

C.

You must write raw shell scripts

D.

You must manually compile the code

36 $Which monitoring state in Nagios indicates a critical problem?$

A.

OK

B.

WARNING

C.

CRITICAL

D.

UNKNOWN

37 $What is the role of'Headless Mode' in Selenium testing?$

A.

Running tests without a monitor attached to the server

B.

Running tests without a visible browser UI

C.

Running tests without a hard drive

D.

Running tests without an internet connection

38 $Which of the following is a key cultural aspect of DevOps?$

A.

Silos between teams

B.

Blame culture

C.

Shared responsibility and collaboration

D.

Manual handoffs

39 $What is a'Commit Hash' in Git?$

A.

A password to login to GitHub

B.

A unique SHA-1 checksum that identifies a specific commit

C.

The size of the repository

D.

A command to delete a file

40 $In Maven, the standard directory layout places source code in:$

A.

src/main/java

B.

code/source

C.

app/src

D.

root/java

41 $Which command allows you to view the logs of a Docker container?$

A.

docker history

B.

docker logs [container_id]

C.

docker trace

D.

docker view

42 $What is the'kubectl' command?$

A.

A database tool

B.

The Kubernetes command-line tool for communicating with the cluster API

C.

A specialized Linux kernel

D.

A Docker image builder

43 $In Ansible, what is a Module ?$

A.

A hardware component

B.

A unit of code that Ansible executes on the target node

C.

A distinct server in the inventory

D.

The main configuration file

44 $What is the primary function of a Version Control System ?$

A.

To compiling code

B.

To deploy code to production

C.

To track changes to files over time

D.

To monitor server health

45 $Which of the following is a benefit of Microservices architecture in DevOps?$

A.

Increased coupling between components

B.

Single point of failure

C.

Independent deployment and scaling of services

D.

Easier management of monolithic codebases

46 $What does CI stand for in CI/CD?$

A.

Continuous Improvement

B.

Continuous Integration

C.

Code Inspection

D.

Cloud Infrastructure

47 $If a Jenkins build fails, what is the most appropriate immediate action for a DevOps engineer?$

A.

Ignore it and wait for the next build

B.

Deploy the failed build to production

C.

Investigate the console output/logs to identify the error

D.

Restart the Jenkins server immediately

48 $Which Puppet component is responsible for collecting details about a node (OS, IP address, uptime)?$

A.

Hiera

B.

Facter

C.

Mcollective

D.

Catalog

49 $In a Dockerfile, which instruction specifies the base image?$

A.

RUN

B.

CMD

C.

FROM

D.

COPY

50 $What is the difference between git pull and git fetch ?$

A.

git fetch downloads changes and merges them; git pull only downloads

B.

git pull downloads changes and merges them; git fetch only downloads changes

C.

There is no difference

D.

git pull uploads changes; git fetch downloads changes

Unit 5 - Practice Quiz