1 $Which of the following best describes the DevSecOps trend?$

A.

Adding security checks only at the end of the development lifecycle

B.

Replacing the operations team with security engineers

C.

Separating the security team from the development and operations teams completely

D.

Integrating security practices within the DevOps process from the start

2 $In the context of DevOps market trends, what does the concept of'NoOps' imply?$

A.

A strategy where no operational tools are used

B.

An environment where operations are completely manual

C.

An IT environment so automated that the underlying infrastructure is abstracted from developers

D.

The total elimination of software developers

3 $Which skill is NOT typically considered a core technical skill for a DevOps Engineer ?$

A.

Deep expertise in graphic design and UI/UX prototyping

B.

Proficiency in Scripting languages (Python/Bash)

C.

Understanding of Containerization (Docker/Kubernetes)

D.

Knowledge of CI/CD pipelines

4 $What is the primary goal of the DevOps Delivery Pipeline ?$

A.

To strictly separate development and operations tasks

B.

To slow down development to ensure 100% bug-free code

C.

To increase the number of manual approval gates

D.

To enable continuous delivery of value to the end user through automation

5 $In the DevOps ecosystem, which tool is primarily associated with Source Code Management (SCM) ?$

A.

Nagios

B.

Git

C.

Docker

D.

Jenkins

6 $Which command is used in Git to download a repository from a remote source to your local machine for the first time?$

A.

git commit

B.

git clone

C.

git push

D.

git fork

7 $What is the function of git staging area (index)?$

A.

It is an intermediate area where commits can be formatted and reviewed before completing the commit

B.

It stores the commit history

C.

It permanently deletes files

D.

It pushes code to the remote server

8 $Which of the following is an XML file used by Maven to manage project dependencies and build configuration?$

A.

pom.xml

B.

maven.yaml

C.

package.json

D.

build.xml

9 $In Maven, what does the command mvn clean install do?$

A.

Cleans the project and installs the Maven software

B.

Installs the application on a remote server

C.

Removes the target directory, compiles, tests, packages, and installs the artifact into the local repository

D.

Cleans the code syntax only

10 $Which of the following best describes Jenkins ?$

A.

A configuration management tool

B.

A container orchestration platform

C.

A virtualization hypervisor

D.

An open-source automation server used for Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery

11 $In Jenkins, what is a 'Pipeline'?$

A.

The graphical user interface for administration

B.

A physical cable connecting servers

C.

A database for storing user credentials

D.

A suite of plugins which supports implementing and integrating continuous delivery pipelines

12 $Which file is typically used to define a Jenkins Pipeline as code?$

A.

Jenkinsfile

B.

Playbook.yaml

C.

Pipeline.xml

D.

Dockerfile

13 $What is the primary function of Selenium in the DevOps toolchain?$

A.

Infrastructure provisioning

B.

Log monitoring

C.

Container management

D.

Automated web browser testing

14 $Which component of Selenium is responsible for executing tests against different browsers?$

A.

Selenium WebDriver

B.

Selenium IDE

C.

Selenium Grid

D.

Selenium Server

15 $What is the core difference between a Virtual Machine (VM) and a Docker Container ?$

A.

VMs are faster to boot than containers

B.

Containers share the host OS kernel and are lightweight; VMs include a full Guest OS

C.

Docker cannot run on Linux

D.

Containers require a full OS per instance; VMs share the host OS kernel

16 $Which file is used to assemble a Docker image ?$

A.

Dockerfile

B.

Container.txt

C.

Imagefile

D.

docker-compose.yml

17 $Which command starts a container from a Docker image?$

A.

docker build

B.

docker commit

C.

docker run

D.

docker pull

18 $What is Kubernetes primarily used for?$

A.

Writing source code

B.

Automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications

C.

Managing physical hardware racks

D.

Scanning code for security vulnerabilities

19 $In Kubernetes, what is the smallest deployable unit of computing that can be created and managed?$

A.

Cluster

B.

Node

C.

Pod

D.

Namespace

20 $What is the role of the Kubelet in Kubernetes?$

A.

It balances load across the internet

B.

It is the command line tool for users

C.

It is the database storing cluster state

D.

It is an agent that runs on each node to ensure containers are running in a Pod

21 $Which tool is known as an'Agentless' configuration management tool?$

A.

Puppet

B.

Chef

C.

Ansible

D.

Nagios

22 $What format does Ansible use for its Playbooks?$

A.

XML

B.

YAML

C.

JSON

D.

HTML

23 $Which term describes the architecture of Puppet ?$

A.

Monolithic

B.

Peer-to-Peer

C.

Agentless

D.

Master-Slave (or Server-Agent)

24 $In Puppet, the files containing the configuration details for a specific node or class of nodes are called:$

A.

Blueprints

B.

Playbooks

C.

Manifests

D.

Recipes

25 $What is Nagios primarily used for?$

A.

Continuous Monitoring of Infrastructure

B.

Source Code Management

C.

Continuous Integration

D.

Container Orchestration

26 $In Nagios, what is NRPE ?$

A.

New Relic Process Engine

B.

Nagios Real-time Processing Event

C.

Network Routing Protocol Engine

D.

Nagios Remote Plugin Executor

27 $Which of the following describes the'Shift Left' strategy in testing?$

A.

Testing is performed only after deployment to production

B.

Testing is performed earlier in the software development lifecycle

C.

Testing is moved to the left side of the screen

D.

Developers write code with their left hand

28 $What is Infrastructure as Code (IaC) ?$

A.

Writing code to document hardware inventory manually

B.

Managing and provisioning infrastructure through machine-readable definition files

C.

Installing operating systems via CD-ROM

D.

Physically building servers using code

29 $Which Git command is used to combine changes from one branch into the current branch?$

A.

git merge

B.

git tag

C.

git config

D.

git status

30 $In the context of Maven, what are 'Transitive Dependencies'?$

A.

Dependencies that must be manually downloaded

B.

Dependencies used only for testing

C.

Dependencies that are removed during the build

D.

Dependencies of your direct dependencies that are automatically included

31 $Which Jenkins feature allows it to distribute loads across multiple computers?$

A.

Plugin Manager

B.

Pipeline syntax

C.

Blue Ocean

D.

Master/Agent (Slave) architecture

32 $What is Docker Hub ?$

A.

A networking tool for Docker

B.

The kernel of the Docker engine

C.

A local storage for containers

D.

A cloud-based registry service for sharing and storing Docker images

33 $In Kubernetes, what is a Service ?$

A.

A physical server

B.

An abstraction which defines a logical set of Pods and a policy by which to access them

C.

The billing component of K8s

D.

A background process in Linux

34 $Which concept in Ansible describes the list of managed nodes (servers)?$

A.

Catalog

B.

Manifest

C.

Inventory

D.

Library

35 $Puppet uses a Declarative language. What does this mean?$

A.

You must manually compile the code

B.

You describe the steps to achieve a state

C.

You must write raw shell scripts

D.

You describe the desired final state, and the tool figures out how to achieve it

36 $Which monitoring state in Nagios indicates a critical problem?$

A.

UNKNOWN

B.

WARNING

C.

CRITICAL

D.

OK

37 $What is the role of'Headless Mode' in Selenium testing?$

A.

Running tests without an internet connection

B.

Running tests without a visible browser UI

C.

Running tests without a hard drive

D.

Running tests without a monitor attached to the server

38 $Which of the following is a key cultural aspect of DevOps?$

A.

Shared responsibility and collaboration

B.

Manual handoffs

C.

Silos between teams

D.

Blame culture

39 $What is a'Commit Hash' in Git?$

A.

A unique SHA-1 checksum that identifies a specific commit

B.

A password to login to GitHub

C.

The size of the repository

D.

A command to delete a file

40 $In Maven, the standard directory layout places source code in:$

A.

src/main/java

B.

root/java

C.

app/src

D.

code/source

41 $Which command allows you to view the logs of a Docker container?$

A.

docker history

B.

docker logs [container_id]

C.

docker view

D.

docker trace

42 $What is the'kubectl' command?$

A.

A specialized Linux kernel

B.

A database tool

C.

The Kubernetes command-line tool for communicating with the cluster API

D.

A Docker image builder

43 $In Ansible, what is a Module ?$

A.

A distinct server in the inventory

B.

A unit of code that Ansible executes on the target node

C.

A hardware component

D.

The main configuration file

44 $What is the primary function of a Version Control System ?$

A.

To deploy code to production

B.

To compiling code

C.

To track changes to files over time

D.

To monitor server health

45 $Which of the following is a benefit of Microservices architecture in DevOps?$

A.

Single point of failure

B.

Increased coupling between components

C.

Independent deployment and scaling of services

D.

Easier management of monolithic codebases

46 $What does CI stand for in CI/CD?$

A.

Continuous Integration

B.

Code Inspection

C.

Continuous Improvement

D.

Cloud Infrastructure

47 $If a Jenkins build fails, what is the most appropriate immediate action for a DevOps engineer?$

A.

Deploy the failed build to production

B.

Restart the Jenkins server immediately

C.

Ignore it and wait for the next build

D.

Investigate the console output/logs to identify the error

48 $Which Puppet component is responsible for collecting details about a node (OS, IP address, uptime)?$

A.

Catalog

B.

Facter

C.

Mcollective

D.

Hiera

49 $In a Dockerfile, which instruction specifies the base image?$

A.

CMD

B.

RUN

C.

FROM

D.

COPY

50 $What is the difference between git pull and git fetch ?$

A.

There is no difference

B.

git pull downloads changes and merges them; git fetch only downloads changes

C.

git fetch downloads changes and merges them; git pull only downloads

D.

git pull uploads changes; git fetch downloads changes

Unit 5 - Practice Quiz