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Unit 2 - Practice Quiz

INT331

1 Which service model in cloud computing involves the vendor providing the infrastructure (servers, storage, networking) while the user manages the operating system and applications?

A. SaaS (Software as a Service)
B. PaaS (Platform as a Service)
C. IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)
D. FaaS (Function as a Service)

2 In the context of virtualization, what is the software layer that sits between the hardware and the virtual machines called?

A. Container Engine
B. Hypervisor
C. Kernel
D. Firmware

3 Which of the following is an example of a Type 1 (Bare Metal) Hypervisor?

A. Oracle VirtualBox
B. VMware Workstation
C. VMware ESXi
D. Microsoft Virtual PC

4 What is the primary difference between Scalability and Elasticity in cloud architecture?

A. Scalability is manual; Elasticity is always manual.
B. Scalability handles static workloads; Elasticity handles dynamic workload spikes automatically.
C. Scalability is for storage; Elasticity is for RAM.
D. There is no difference; they are synonyms.

5 Which cloud deployment model relies on resources exclusively used by a single organization?

A. Public Cloud
B. Hybrid Cloud
C. Private Cloud
D. Community Cloud

6 Which of the following is NOT a major public cloud provider?

A. Amazon Web Services (AWS)
B. Microsoft Azure
C. Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
D. Apache Hadoop

7 Why is 'Infrastructure as Code' (IaC) critical for DevOps on the cloud?

A. It allows developers to write code physically on servers.
B. It automates the provisioning and management of infrastructure using configuration files.
C. It eliminates the need for any hardware.
D. It prevents the use of Linux commands.

8 In AWS architecture, what is an Availability Zone (AZ)?

A. A separate geographic area (country).
B. One or more discrete data centers with redundant power, networking, and connectivity within a Region.
C. A specific rack within a server.
D. The login portal for the AWS console.

9 Which AWS service provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud (Virtual Servers)?

A. Amazon S3
B. Amazon RDS
C. Amazon EC2
D. AWS Lambda

10 Which AWS service is primarily used for scalable object storage?

A. Amazon EC2
B. Amazon S3
C. Amazon Glacier
D. Amazon EBS

11 Under the AWS Shared Responsibility Model, which of the following is the customer's responsibility?

A. Physical security of data centers
B. Patching the underlying host infrastructure
C. Patching the Guest OS and Application software
D. Network infrastructure maintenance

12 What is the primary goal of Continuous Integration (CI)?

A. To deploy software to production immediately.
B. To manually merge code changes once a year.
C. To frequently merge code changes into a central repository where automated builds and tests run.
D. To monitor the server health after deployment.

13 What is the key difference between Continuous Delivery and Continuous Deployment?

A. Continuous Delivery automates the release to production; Continuous Deployment requires manual approval.
B. Continuous Deployment automates the release to production; Continuous Delivery requires manual approval to deploy.
C. There is no difference.
D. Continuous Delivery is for testing; Continuous Deployment is for coding.

14 Which phase of the DevOps lifecycle involves tracking application performance and user experience in real-time?

A. Continuous Integration
B. Continuous Deployment
C. Continuous Monitoring
D. Continuous Planning

15 In a CI/CD pipeline, what is a Build Artifact?

A. The source code file.
B. The error log generated by a failed test.
C. The compiled binary or package (e.g., JAR, WAR, EXE) ready for deployment.
D. The email notification sent to the developer.

16 Which Linux command is used to list files and directories in the current directory?

A. cd
B. ls
C. mkdir
D. pwd

17 What does the Linux command pwd stand for?

A. Print Working Directory
B. Password
C. Previous Working Directory
D. Process Working Daemon

18 Which command is used to change the current directory in Linux?

A. mv
B. cp
C. cd
D. rm

19 How do you create a new directory named 'project' in Linux?

A. mkfile project
B. newdir project
C. mkdir project
D. crdir project

20 Which command allows a user to execute a command with superuser (root) privileges?

A. admin
B. exec
C. sudo
D. root

21 Which command is used to remove a file in Linux?

A. del
B. remove
C. rm
D. erase

22 What does the command chmod 755 file.txt do?

A. Sets read, write, and execute permissions for everyone.
B. Sets read/write/execute for owner, and read/execute for group and others.
C. Sets read only permissions for everyone.
D. Deletes the file.

23 Which command is used to display the contents of a file on the terminal?

A. ls
B. cat
C. touch
D. echo

24 Which command is used to move or rename files?

A. rn
B. mv
C. cp
D. mov

25 Which command is used to search for a specific text pattern within a file?

A. find
B. search
C. grep
D. locate

26 In Linux, what does the | (pipe) operator do?

A. It redirects output to a file.
B. It runs commands in the background.
C. It takes the output of the first command and uses it as the input for the second command.
D. It stops the execution of a command.

27 Which command displays the currently running processes and system resource usage in real-time?

A. ps
B. top
C. list
D. stat

28 What is the purpose of the man command in Linux?

A. To manage files.
B. To manually start a process.
C. To display the user manual for other commands.
D. To mandate permissions.

29 Which command creates an empty file if it does not exist, or updates its timestamp if it does?

A. create
B. new
C. touch
D. make

30 What is the symbolic representation of the Root directory in Linux?

A. \
B. /
C. ~
D. @

31 Which cloud characteristic allows multiple customers to share the same physical infrastructure while keeping data isolated?

A. Single-tenancy
B. Multi-tenancy
C. Local hosting
D. Vertical scaling

32 Why is CapEx (Capital Expenditure) reduced when adopting cloud computing?

A. Because cloud providers charge high upfront fees.
B. Because you no longer need to buy physical servers and data centers upfront.
C. Because software licenses are free.
D. It is not reduced; it increases.

33 Which of the following is a benefit of DevOps on the Cloud?

A. Slower deployment cycles.
B. Increased dependency on manual hardware configuration.
C. Global reach and reduced latency.
D. Isolated teams working in silos.

34 In the context of Linux permissions, what is the numeric value of Read (r) permission?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
D. 7

35 Which AWS service is used to manage access to AWS services and resources securely (Users, Groups, Roles)?

A. AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)
B. Amazon VPC
C. AWS Shield
D. Amazon Inspector

36 What does the command rm -rf / do (WARNING: Do not run this)?

A. Refreshes the root directory.
B. Recursively forces the deletion of everything in the root directory.
C. Reads files from the root directory.
D. Restores files in the root directory.

37 Which command is used to show the first 10 lines of a file?

A. tail
B. top
C. head
D. first

38 Which concept refers to the ability to restore data and applications in the event of a disaster?

A. Latency
B. Disaster Recovery
C. Load Balancing
D. Throughput

39 In a DevOps context, what is the role of a Version Control System (e.g., Git)?

A. To compile the code.
B. To track changes in the source code and enable collaboration.
C. To monitor CPU usage.
D. To manage cloud billing.

40 Which command is used to check the IP address of a Linux machine?

A. ip addr
B. getip
C. network
D. lsip

41 What is the purpose of a Load Balancer in cloud architecture?

A. To increase the storage capacity of a single server.
B. To distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers.
C. To encrypt data at rest.
D. To backup data to a remote location.

42 If you need to change the owner of a file in Linux, which command do you use?

A. chmod
B. chown
C. chgrp
D. chow

43 Which text editor is commonly found by default in most Linux distributions?

A. Notepad
B. MS Word
C. vi / vim
D. Sublime Text

44 What does the df -h command display?

A. Deleted files history.
B. Disk Free usage in a human-readable format.
C. Directory folders hidden.
D. Detailed file attributes.

45 Which phase of CI/CD ensures that the software is always in a releasable state?

A. Continuous Integration
B. Continuous Delivery
C. Continuous Monitoring
D. Continuous Coding

46 Which Linux symbol represents the user's home directory?

A. /
B. .
C. ~
D. $

47 In virtualization, what is a Guest OS?

A. The operating system installed on the physical computer.
B. The operating system running inside a virtual machine.
C. A temporary operating system used for installation.
D. The hypervisor software.

48 What is the primary benefit of the Pet vs. Cattle analogy in DevOps cloud infrastructure?

A. We should treat servers like Pets: name them and nurse them back to health.
B. We should treat servers like Cattle: replaceable and automated, fixing issues by replacing the instance.
C. It is about farming simulations in the cloud.
D. It means we should not use servers at all.

49 Which of the following is a popular open-source tool for Continuous Integration?

A. Jenkins
B. Photoshop
C. Wordpress
D. Putty

50 If a user wants to install a package on an Ubuntu/Debian Linux system, which command tool is used?

A. yum
B. apt
C. rpm
D. brew