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Unit 1 - Practice Quiz

INT306

1 Which of the following best describes the Data Redundancy problem in a file-based system?

A. Data is hidden from unauthorized users
B. The same data is stored in multiple files leading to wastage of storage
C. Data cannot be accessed by multiple users
D. Data is lost due to system failure

2 In the context of DBMS, what is Data Inconsistency?

A. Data is structured in a hierarchical format
B. Different versions of the same data exist in different places
C. Data is encrypted for security
D. The database schema is constantly changing

3 Which component of the DBMS interacts with file systems to store data physically?

A. Query Processor
B. Storage Manager
C. Transaction Manager
D. DDL Compiler

4 What is the primary role of a Database Administrator (DBA)?

A. To write application code in Java or Python
B. To build the hardware for the server
C. To have central control over the system and data definitions
D. To enter data into the database daily

5 In the Three-Schema Architecture, which level describes how the data is actually stored on the storage medium?

A. External Level
B. Conceptual Level
C. Logical Level
D. Physical (Internal) Level

6 The Conceptual (Logical) Level in the Three-Schema Architecture hides which of the following?

A. The entities and relationships
B. The physical storage structures
C. The user views
D. The security constraints

7 Which level of the database architecture provides a personalized view of the data to different users?

A. Internal Level
B. Conceptual Level
C. External (View) Level
D. Hardware Level

8 Physical Data Independence refers to the ability to modify the:

A. Conceptual schema without affecting the External schema
B. Physical schema without affecting the Conceptual schema
C. External schema without affecting the Physical schema
D. Data values without affecting the constraints

9 Which type of data independence is generally harder to achieve?

A. Physical Data Independence
B. Logical Data Independence
C. Hardware Independence
D. Network Independence

10 What is a Database Schema?

A. The actual data stored in the database at a particular moment
B. The overall design and structure of the database
C. The hardware configuration of the server
D. The set of users authorized to access the DB

11 A Database Instance refers to:

A. The variable declarations in a program
B. The collection of information stored in the database at a specific moment
C. The graphical representation of relationships
D. The process of normalization

12 In the Entity-Relationship (ER) Model, what does a Rectangle represent?

A. Attribute
B. Relationship Set
C. Entity Set
D. Weak Entity Set

13 In ER diagrams, an Ellipse represents:

A. Relationship
B. Entity
C. Attribute
D. Constraint

14 In ER diagrams, a Diamond shape is used to represent:

A. Relationship Set
B. Weak Entity
C. Multivalued Attribute
D. Derived Attribute

15 Which symbol represents a Multivalued Attribute in an ER diagram?

A. Dashed Ellipse
B. Double Ellipse
C. Double Rectangle
D. Underlined Ellipse

16 What does a Dashed Ellipse represent in an ER model?

A. Key Attribute
B. Composite Attribute
C. Derived Attribute
D. Weak Entity

17 An entity set that does not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key is called a:

A. Strong Entity Set
B. Weak Entity Set
C. Simple Entity Set
D. Derived Entity Set

18 How is a Weak Entity Set represented in an ER diagram?

A. Rectangle
B. Double Rectangle
C. Diamond
D. Double Diamond

19 The number of entities to which another entity can be associated via a relationship set is expressed as:

A. Degree of Relationship
B. Mapping Cardinality
C. Participation Constraint
D. Schema Definition

20 If an entity can be associated with at most one entity in , and can be associated with many entities in , the relationship is:

A. One-to-One
B. One-to-Many
C. Many-to-One
D. Many-to-Many

21 Total participation of an entity set in a relationship is represented in an ER diagram by:

A. Single line
B. Double line
C. Dashed line
D. Arrow

22 In the Relational Model, a row in a table is technically referred to as a:

A. Attribute
B. Tuple
C. Domain
D. Degree

23 In the Relational Model, a column in a table is technically referred to as a:

A. Tuple
B. Relation
C. Attribute
D. Degree

24 The set of permitted values for each attribute is called its:

A. Range
B. Schema
C. Domain
D. Tuple

25 The Degree of a relation is defined as:

A. The number of tuples (rows)
B. The number of attributes (columns)
C. The size of the file in bytes
D. The number of relationships it participates in

26 The Cardinality of a relation refers to:

A. The number of tuples (rows)
B. The number of attributes (columns)
C. The number of primary keys
D. The number of foreign keys

27 Which of the following represents a NULL value in a database?

A. Value 0
B. Empty String ""
C. Missing or Unknown value
D. Value -1

28 A Super Key is defined as:

A. A minimal set of attributes that uniquely identifies a tuple
B. A set of one or more attributes that, taken collectively, uniquely identify a tuple
C. A key that relates two tables
D. A key used for encryption

29 A Candidate Key is:

A. Any super key
B. A super key with no redundant attributes (minimal)
C. Always a single attribute
D. A foreign key

30 The Primary Key is selected from the set of:

A. Foreign Keys
B. Super Keys
C. Candidate Keys
D. Secondary Keys

31 Which constraint ensures that a value that appears in one relation for a given set of attributes also appears for a certain set of attributes in another relation?

A. Domain Constraint
B. Entity Integrity Constraint
C. Referential Integrity Constraint
D. Key Constraint

32 Which of the following is NOT a component of the DBMS environment?

A. Hardware
B. Software
C. Data
D. The Internet Service Provider (ISP)

33 What is the function of the DDL (Data Definition Language) compiler?

A. To execute queries like SELECT *
B. To convert schema definitions into data dictionary metadata
C. To manage concurrent transactions
D. To backup data

34 Which language is used to access and manipulate data in an existing database (Insert, Delete, Update)?

A. DDL (Data Definition Language)
B. DML (Data Manipulation Language)
C. DCL (Data Control Language)
D. HTML

35 Which abstraction allows viewing the data as a set of tables?

A. Physical Model
B. Network Model
C. Relational Model
D. Hierarchical Model

36 The property of a transaction that ensures it is treated as a single, indivisible unit (all or nothing) is called:

A. Atomicity
B. Consistency
C. Isolation
D. Durability

37 In a university database, a 'Student' entity relates to a 'Course' entity via 'Enrolls'. If a student can take many courses and a course can have many students, the cardinality is:

A. 1:1
B. 1:N
C. N:1
D. M:N

38 Which attribute represents the primary key in an ER diagram?

A. Dashed Ellipse
B. Double Ellipse
C. Underlined text inside an Ellipse
D. Bold text inside a Rectangle

39 Data Dictionary (System Catalog) stores:

A. The actual customer data
B. Metadata (data about data)
C. Transaction logs only
D. Deleted files

40 Which of the following is a legacy data model (predating the Relational Model)?

A. NoSQL
B. Hierarchical Model
C. Object-Oriented Model
D. NewSQL

41 In the relational model, the order of tuples in a relation is:

A. Alphabetical
B. Immaterial (Irrelevant)
C. Chronological
D. Sorted by Primary Key strictly

42 A Composite Attribute is an attribute that:

A. Can be divided into smaller sub-parts
B. Has multiple values
C. Is derived from other attributes
D. Is a primary key

43 The discriminator (or partial key) of a weak entity set is denoted in an ER diagram by:

A. Solid underline
B. Dashed underline
C. Double underline
D. No underline

44 Which application type requires OLTP (Online Transaction Processing)?

A. Data Warehousing
B. Weather Forecasting
C. Airline Reservation System
D. Historical Data Analysis

45 If relation has attributes and relation has attributes, the Cartesian Product will have how many attributes?

A.
B.
C.
D.

46 Which user interacts with the system by invoking one of the permanent application programs that have been written previously?

A. Database Administrator
B. Sophisticated User
C. Naïve User
D. Application Programmer

47 In a Relational Schema , if determines (), then is called the:

A. Dependent
B. Determinant
C. Relation
D. Tuple

48 What is the primary benefit of using a DBMS over a file system regarding Security?

A. DBMS uses smaller files
B. DBMS allows defining access controls and authorization levels
C. DBMS requires no passwords
D. File systems are always read-only

49 The association between entity sets is referred to as:

A. Participation
B. Generalization
C. Relationship
D. Specialization

50 Which model organizes data in a tree-like structure with parent-child relationships?

A. Relational Model
B. Network Model
C. Hierarchical Model
D. ER Model