1 $What is the core component of the Linux operating system that interacts directly with the hardware?$

A.

Desktop Environment

B.

Shell

C.

Compiler

D.

Kernel

2 $Who is credited with creating the initial version of the Linux kernel?$

A.

Dennis Ritchie

B.

Linus Torvalds

C.

Steve Jobs

D.

Bill Gates

3 $Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Linux?$

A.

Closed Source

B.

Costly licensing fees

C.

Open Source

D.

Single-user only

4 $Which of the following is NOT a popular Linux distribution?$

A.

Debian

B.

Ubuntu

C.

Fedora

D.

macOS

5 $What program interprets commands typed by the user and sends them to the operating system?$

A.

The Kernel

B.

The Shell

C.

The Desktop

D.

The Swap

6 $Which command is used to display the current working directory?$

A.

pwd

B.

ls

C.

dir

D.

cd

7 $Which command is used to list files and directories?$

A.

ls

B.

ps

C.

show

D.

list

8 $How do you display the manual page for a specific command, for example, 'ls'?$

A.

ls ?

B.

man ls

C.

help ls

D.

info ls

9 $Which command is used to create a new empty directory?$

A.

mkdir

B.

mkfile

C.

touch

D.

newdir

10 $What command allows you to change your current directory?$

A.

cd

B.

ch

C.

cp

D.

mv

11 $Which command is primarily used to create an empty file or update the timestamp of an existing file?$

A.

cat

B.

touch

C.

make

D.

mkdir

12 $Which command is used to remove (delete) a file?$

A.

del

B.

remove

C.

rm

D.

erase

13 $What is the function of the 'cp' command?$

A.

Create program

B.

Change path

C.

Copy files or directories

D.

Check process

14 $Which command is used to move or rename files?$

A.

cp

B.

mv

C.

mov

D.

rn

15 $Which command is used to remove an empty directory?$

A.

rm

B.

delete

C.

rmdir

D.

clean

16 $To view the contents of a file on the standard output, which command is used?$

A.

read

B.

cat

C.

see

D.

look

17 $Which command is used to change the file permissions?$

A.

chown

B.

attrib

C.

perm

D.

chmod

18 $What does the command 'chmod 777 file.txt' do?$

A.

Gives read, write, and execute permissions to everyone

B.

Removes the file

C.

Makes the file hidden

D.

Locks the file

19 $Which command displays information about currently running processes?$

A.

tasklist

B.

status

C.

proc

D.

ps

20 $If a program is unresponsive, which command can be used to terminate it using its PID?$

A.

quit

B.

end

C.

kill

D.

stop

21 $What does the 'cd ..' command do?$

A.

Moves to the home directory

B.

Moves to the root directory

C.

Repeats the last command

D.

Moves one directory up (parent directory)

22 $Which flag is used with 'rm' to delete a directory and its contents recursively?$

A.

-d

B.

-r

C.

-a

D.

-f

23 $In the Linux file system, which character represents the root directory?$

A.

\

B.

/

C.

C:

D.

~

24 $What is a major difference between Linux and Windows regarding file paths?$

A.

Linux uses backslashes (), Windows uses forward slashes (/)

B.

Both use forward slashes

C.

Linux uses forward slashes (/), Windows uses backslashes ()

D.

Both use backslashes

25 $Which user in Linux has unlimited privileges and is equivalent to the Administrator in Windows?$

A.

Admin

B.

Master

C.

Root

D.

SuperUser

26 $Unlike Windows, Linux file names are:$

A.

Case-insensitive

B.

Limited to 8 characters

C.

Case-sensitive

D.

Always ending in .txt

27 $What is a Virtual Machine (VM)?$

A.

A software emulation of a physical computer

B.

A physical robot

C.

A web browser

D.

A type of virus

28 $The operating system running inside a Virtual Machine is called the:$

A.

Guest OS

B.

Host OS

C.

Core OS

D.

Main OS

29 $Which software is commonly used to create and manage Virtual Machines?$

A.

Microsoft Word

B.

Adobe Photoshop

C.

VLC Player

D.

Oracle VirtualBox

30 $What is the layer of software that creates and runs virtual machines called?$

A.

Bootloader

B.

Kernel

C.

Hypervisor

D.

Compiler

31 $What is a key benefit of using a Virtual Machine?$

A.

Requires no RAM

B.

Increases hardware speed

C.

Isolation of the environment

D.

Replaces the need for a monitor

32 $When creating a VM, what resources must be allocated from the host?$

A.

Internet bandwidth only

B.

Monitor resolution

C.

RAM and Storage

D.

Keyboard layout

33 $What feature allows you to save the state of a VM at a specific point in time?$

A.

Pause

B.

Snapshot

C.

Clone

D.

Screenshot

34 $What is a File System?$

A.

A system to clean computer fans

B.

A type of monitor display

C.

A method of storing and organizing files on a storage device

D.

A protocol for internet browsing

35 $What does FAT stand for in file systems?$

A.

Fast Access Table

B.

File Access Type

C.

File Allocation Table

D.

Fixed Allocation Type

36 $Which file system is the standard default for modern Windows operating systems?$

A.

ext4

B.

FAT16

C.

HFS

D.

NTFS

37 $Which file system is primarily associated with macOS?$

A.

FAT32

B.

ext4

C.

NTFS

D.

HFS/HFS+

38 $What is the standard file system used by most modern Linux distributions?$

A.

NTFS

B.

FAT32

C.

Extended File System (ext3/ext4)

D.

HFS

39 $What does UDF stand for?$

A.

Ultra Disk File

B.

User Data Format

C.

Universal Disk Format

D.

Unified Data File

40 $Which file system limitation makes FAT32 unsuitable for large video files?$

A.

It cannot store text files

B.

It is not compatible with Windows

C.

Maximum file size is 4GB

D.

It is too slow

41 $In the context of Linux commands, what does the -l flag do in ls -l ?$

A.

Lists only links

B.

Lists in long format (details)

C.

Lists last opened files

D.

Lists in landscape mode

42 $Which symbol is used to represent the user's home directory in Linux?$

A.

.

B.

~

C.

/

D.

@

43 $Which command creates a duplicate of a file?$

A.

cp

B.

mv

C.

ls

D.

rm

44 $To create a hidden file in Linux, the filename must start with:$

A.

A dot (.)

B.

An underscore (_)

C.

A hash (#)

D.

A dollar sign ($)

45 $Which command would you use to check the version of the kernel?$

A.

ls -v

B.

kernel -v

C.

ver

D.

uname -r

46 $In Windows, drives are labeled A:, C:, etc. In Linux, all storage devices are mounted under:$

A.

The Drive Manager

B.

The Root directory (/)

C.

My Computer

D.

The Registry

47 $Which command effectively 'renames' a directory?$

A.

rn

B.

mv

C.

cp

D.

name

48 $What does the 'sudo' command enable a user to do?$

A.

Surf the web

B.

Execute a command with superuser (root) privileges

C.

Delete the OS

D.

Sort files

49 $Which file system type is known as a 'Journaling File System' commonly used in Linux?$

A.

ext3/ext4

B.

CDFS

C.

ISO9660

D.

FAT12

50 $What happens if you run rmdir on a directory that contains files?$

A.

It deletes everything

B.

It asks for a password

C.

It fails and displays an error

D.

It moves the files to trash

Unit 3 - Practice Quiz